Technological Determinism Study Guide

Chapter three was focused around the understanding of technological changes in order to surpass the hype cycle with social shaping providing profound historical backgrounds showcasing the technical changes that surpasses technological determinism. Technology has a profound Impact on our worlds culture and the social structure, along with it having the reverse effect of our culture, usage and society impacting the creation of technology.

Rob Kitchin made the observation in 1998 that Cyberspace was one of the most most over hyped terms and ideas of the back end of the 20th century . It is extremely frequent for new technologies to go through a hype cycle for public debate, this is where innovations are able to trigger a set of positive hype

It is exceedingly important to remember just how much our thinking is shaped by technological determinism. The late Robin WIlliams defined Technological Determinism as a view in which “ research and development have been assumed as self generating. The new tech are invented in an independent sphere, and then create new societies or new human conditions. “ It is important to take notice of two characteristic features of technologically determinist arguments are that the nature of technologies and the direction of changes are unproblematic or predetermined and that technology has necessary and determined impacts upon work, economic life and society as a whole: technological change thus produces social and organisational change. The alternate view form technological determinism is the social shaping of technology. This approach is shaped around the premise that technology is categorized as a social product, which is created and molded by its users. Its is argued that the definition of technology is that it is that hardware needs to be extended and furthered as a hardware to consider the uses. Capitalism has created the issue where there is more rapid development of technological changes in response to many human labor activities being taken over by machines. One tools and

Two of the most important thinkers about social media and its impact on our social world were Marshall McLuhan and Raymond Williams. In particular, Marshall Mcluhan focused on the extent we seek to understand culture independently of its technological forms while williams focused on what draws the attention to the socioeconomic and institutional way through which media technologies are created and utilized. McLuhan stated that we use media technologies to enhance communication, but as we communicate, these technologies constitute the cultural environment we live in. This eventually transforms the experiences of knowledge and consciousness a long with time and space. He also firmly believed that Medium is the message, meaning that technologies are an extension of our human capacity. Raymond Williams focussed on stressing the need for culture to be understood as a way of life, which expresses particular meanings and values which were not only in forms of art and learning but also in that of institutions and ordinary behavior. Daniel bell introduced two key issues that he identified as drivers to change towards as information society were the occupational