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Teamwork and conflict resolution
Team conflict literature review
Team conflict literature review
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Recommended: Teamwork and conflict resolution
Summary: Chapter # 7 –Team Decision Making, Pitfalls and Solutions Decision making is an absolute. It is found in individual and team response to any change that is to occur. Decision making in the primary component of this chapter and is dissected in great detail to make the individual realize its importance, the biases involved and the effects and consequences of the decision. In the beginning the chapter has an excellent review of four of the most common individual decision making biases and how they can and will impact the team. These biases are: (1) Framing, (2) Overconfidence, (3) Confirmation Bias and (4) Decision Fatigue. The chapter continues with individual versus group decisions while addressing or completing a demonstrable …show more content…
It can apply to almost any decision that has been reframed or communicated differently to gain or cause a loss. The textbook, Making the Team, A Guide for Managers demonstrated a superb example (Thompson, 2014, p.164). Overconfidence occurs in individual and organizational setting as is the process by which the decision maker judges their decision to be correct with no room for error. This amount of confidence can be very detrimental in the team environment if the decision maker has a personality type that conveys the subordinates to follow their leadership whether by aggression or by charisma. The third and fourth type of biases, confirmation and decision fatigue both can be attributed to lack of mental resources or the inability to utilize the mental resources to make the decision. In confirmation bias the decision maker makes the decision based on whatever hypothesis will support their belief. Decision fatigue is when the individual(s) are mentally exhausted and take short-cuts or have utilized their mental resources to the point of collapse. The pitfalls of team decision making are given in the second part of the …show more content…
I believe that this chapter goes to great lengths to address the types of conflict that occur within teams and how conflict can be utilized to create change, revolutionize creativity and deter negative groupthink. Relationship conflict is one of the primary types of conflict along with task conflict and process conflict. Relationship conflict is any conflict that can and does occur because of personality clashes, ego, and tensions between individuals within the team. It is one that is avoided by the team but it is inevitable, because of the diverse make-up of the members and their individual character traits. If this type of conflict is left to its own devises it will escalate and will become strenuous to the other team members. Task conflict also known as cognitive conflict within the team is where an individual who perceives a method of doing a task as being detrimental to the team and will be adamant in the reject of the method. This will cause conflict with those on the team who feel the new idea has merit. However, when the task method is challenged it can create new ideas as the team reevaluates the original suggestion. This talking about the task can and does stimulate new cognitive approaches to the method as well as to other processes produced by the
My team consists of four other people besides myself, Lauren Chojnaki, Alexa-Louise Patnode, and Jacobe Loewen, and Ryan Tyriver. Together, we are tasked with the mission to complete a stakeholder analysis regarding a specific organization and their structure. For this project to be completed successfully, it is important that all team members are able to cooperate with one another and are able to use their different strengths to create the best end product.
An effective team typically develops through several stages. Tuckman and Jensen developed a model for how teams should develop that includes five stages: forming, storming, norming, performing and adjourning (as cited in Martin ,2006 and Fulk, Bell,& Bodie ,2011). In forming, the first stage in team development, team members are introduced to the team’s purpose and goals(Martin, 2006 ; Fulk et al. ,2011). Fulk et al. (2011) explain that members are usually motivated and excited about working together to accomplish the specific goal, but they point out that interactions among team members can be affected by uncertainty about purpose, anxiety, mistrust ,and reluctance to share ideas and opinions. Nevertheless, despite such uncertainties, team members usually avoid conflict and move on to the next stage, storming(Fulk et al.,2011). Unlike the forming stage, the storming stage is marked by conflict (Martin...
The narrator usually is telling the story almost like he is talking to someone, that someone being the readers. Poe sets up “Black Cat” with the narrator telling the readers he is not mad but then his story tells the exact opposite. Poe writes very Gothic style fiction in which Poe 's characters suffer from self-destruction. In the settings in “Black Cat” the narrator has already destroyed himself due to his alcoholism which he calls it a disease. As Poe uses keen detail on how the narrator goes into madness, readers see the narrator at the end as he tells that he is finally able to rest. The narrator says “It did not make its appearance during the night and thus for one night at least, since the introduction into the house, I soundly and tranquilly slept.” (700). He is able to rest because of the cat is not there to taunt him. Though he killed his wife it’s the fact that the beast, a name he calls the cat, is not there so he is able to have a great nights rest for the next 3 days. He follows up that quote with “The second and third day passes, and still my tormentor came not. Once again I breathed a freeman. The monster in terror had fled the premises forever” (700)! He has paranoia because of the cat. The cat was unlike Pluto because the cat showed him affection as later on in the years due to abuse Pluto ran away from the narrator. He finds it strange that the cat looks like Pluto, with the gouged eye and all,
Conflict, when managed effectively, can be constructive. Conflict theorists have labeled this type of conflict as “C-Type Conflict or cognitive conflict” (Amason, Hochwarter, Thompson & Harrison, 1995, p. 22). Conflict of this type is usually centered on issue or opinion related differences and has a positive effect on the team. It increases team member involvement by allowing each member to speak his or her opinion or idea and evaluate the opinions or ideas of others. People change and grow personally from dealing with this type of positive conflict and team cohesiveness is created. Ultimately, “C-Type Conflict” results in a solution to the problem or agreement amongst team members.
Conflict is a difference in opinion. The leader must devise ways of dealing with conflict in the team. The focus is to promote a healthy discussion that does not lead to division in the team . The team members come from different department and thus may have differing opinion on tackling the problem. The leader should be able to reconcile the different opinions into one strategy. In such cases, the negotiation skill becomes vital (Harrison, 1971). The leader must negotiate with the team member to strike a balance on the decision. Furthermore, the decision made by the team must be presented to the management and approved. The leader must convince the management that the proposal is viable, and its implementation will be beneficial to the organisation. The ability of the leader to negotiate for resources will enhance the success of the
In The Black Cat, Poe creates a tale of strange confusion and morbid mystery. The tone is serious, as the narrator is writing his account of the events the day before he is going die, presumably for his crimes. The narrator, and the villain of the story, begins by saying he is "noted for the docility and humanity of my disposition." This statement is ironic, because as the story continues, we see he is anything but docile and humane. He becomes a driven man, passionate about getting rid of the cat that haunts him.
A group can only be called a team if the members are actively working together toward a common goal. A team must have the capability to set goals, make decisions, solve problems, and share responsibilities. For a team to be successful, trust must be earned between its members by being consistent and reliable (Temme & Katzel, 2005). When more than one person is working on a particular task, inconsistent views or opinions commonly arise. People come from different backgrounds and live through different life experiences therefore, even when working towards a common goal, they will not always see eye to eye. Major conflict that is not dealt with can devastate a team or organization (Make Conflict Work, 2008). In some situations, conflict can be more constructive than destructive. Recognizing the difference between conflict that is constructive to the team and conflict that is destructive to the team is important. Trying to prevent the conflict is not always the best way to manage conflict when working within a team setting. Understanding conflict, what causes it, and how to resolve conflict effectively, should consume full concentration.
Indeed, some research found that the team diversity has a positive impact on decision making. For example, one of the research found that the diversity at educational level can positively influence the decision making and also affect team performance (Simons). In addition, Dooley and Frywell illustrated that the discussion and argument was associated with quality decision making in U.S. hospitals. However, some research also demonstrated that the diversity in the team can have a negative influence on decision making. For example, Sounder found that, in diverse teams, because of the lots of differences between team members, sometimes its difficult to reach an agreement.
Conflict can occur anywhere from the around the water cooler or in the meeting on how the team will reach their goal. Many things a day can lead to a small or large conflict. It is important to remember that conflict is a natural part of life and everyone will experience conflict at some time when participating on a team.
Conflict can be negative in the same tense except it is dysfunctional and hinders the teams or the person’s performance or ability to attain goals or objectives (Reaching out, 1997). Negative conflicts tend to result from the most common aspects known as relationship conflict or task conflict. Task conflict occurs when team members disagree about the tasks at hand and how they need to be performed. The other common conflict is relationship. This occurs when team members experience intrapersonal incompatibility issues. This is typically detrimental to teams as it tends to turn personal because they differ in social and communication differences and never come to a positive resolution to forego these conflicts. This is different when compared to task conflict in that task conflict can potentially be beneficial because the issue does not become personal, therefore, bringing about new ideas. Negative conflict is destructive when it leads to stress, inability to take action, and the loss of esteem or purpose (Reaching out, 1997). Conflict is viewed as negative when it results in unresolved anger within the team, personality clashes, low self confidence and problems of efficiency within the team leading to low productivity.
Look up the word conflict in the dictionary and you will see several negative responses. Descriptions such as: to come into collision or disagreement; be at variance or in opposition; clash; to contend; do battle; controversy; quarrel; antagonism or opposition between interests or principles Random House (1975). With the negative reputation associated with this word, no wonder people tend to shy away when they start to enter into the area of conflict. D. Jordan (1996) suggests that there are two types of conflict: good, which is defined as cognitive conflict (C-type conflict) and, detrimental, defined as affective conflict (A-type conflict). The C-type conflict allows for creativity, to pull together a group of people with different opinions or ideas, to combine and brain storm all thoughts to develop the best solution for the problem. The A-type conflict is the negative form when you have animosity, hostility, un-resolveable differences, and egos to deal with. The list citing negative conflicts could go on forever. We will be investigating these types of conflicts, what managers can do to recognize conflict early, and what strategies they can use to resolve conflicts once they have advanced.
Many of the decisions one makes are heavily based on bias, past experience, peer pressure or wrong ideas. Decision making is a complicated algorithm that is affected a lot by the subconscious or peer pressure, although one is fully in charge of his decisions, study shows one’s decision is strongly distorted.
A group of people working on a team means a group of different sets of minds working together. Thus, it is inevitable that there may arise conflicts on a certain topic within the team, as certain viewpoint may seem right for the circumstances for some teammates and may different for others. However, it is not that they are not solvable.
Conflicts transpire as the team develops and moves through the different stages listed in section 3.0. Additionally, conflicts could also arise from lack of leadership that leads to unclear and conflicting goals. The lack of communication from the leader would result in uncertainty to the contribution and commitment of each individual (The University of Melbourne, 2013). This conflict can be resolved by regularly reviewing the work and improving the communication between each individual (Johnson, 2015). Another large conflict that arises is the unfair distribution of work to each person. Whilst it is important for each individual to adapt to every Belbin role that is needed, one must not receive more or less work. The unequal distribution could lead to resentment, inefficiency and the unfairness of a member not contributing but still receiving the marks. All these conflicts can be resolved promptly before it hinder on the work quality. The team should identify the causes of conflict, state their effect on the team and negotiate a solution that suits all. Most importantly, the team should communicate regularly and be proactive about any situations (The University of Melbourne,
Working in groups is challenging at times. Other times it is very rewarding. We are so focused on life that we do not take time to reflect on things as much as we should. Being in a Groups class has opened my eyes to a whole new world. I have begun to question, explore, and even understand how things work. I even get how they work sometimes. Not only is there a process involved in making individual decisions, process is involved in group decisions as well. This paper attempts give insight into my reflection of my group decision process.