The time period a person lives in greatly impacts his actions, thoughts and beliefs. The second Industrial Revolution signifies a time of change, education and reform. The second Industrial Revolution can be dated between 1870 and 1914. When industries emerge and new opportunities are open, mass immigration can be found. The industrial revolution provokes new inventions, factories, transportation, communication, politics, women’s rights and urban life. In the early 1900s, there was segregation and discrimination between races. In addition, during the years between 1914 and 1918, World War One erupted. Between 1929 and 1933, the Great Depression took place and lastly between 1941 and 1945- World War Two occurred.
There were positive and negative
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changes that impacted American life and daily routine. For example, modern building were built for new businesses, factories, banks, hospitals, churches, schools and homes. In addition, railroad service expanded even further. Furthermore, automobiles and airplanes were created to transport goods and people faster and better. Moreover, the telegraph, telephone and typewriter were created in the 1800s. Due to industrialization, plenty of people left the country side for the city. There were more job opportunities and the economy changed for the better. As a result of successful business, capitalism, communism, banking, the concept of Laissez Faire (where the government doesn't get involved in business affairs) and the working middle class emerged. On the other hand there was an equal amount of negative changes as to positive. Due to new inventions and machinery, it replaced the work of humans. Cities grew rapidly, without planning. This led to a lack of a sanitation system, sewage and running water. Overpopulation in cites didn't help either, it led to slum like living conditions and the spread of diseases. Additionally, there were unsafe working conditions, long hours, low wages and child labor. In image A, a barefoot child can be seen working heavy machinery. Children were useful "as laborers because their size allowed them to move in small spaces in factories or mines." These awful conditions led to protest and riots. Moreover, Wilbur and Orville Wright, the "Fathers of Modern Aviation," created a successful airplane with an engine. "Perhaps more than any single technological innovation, the success flight symbolized the near limitless potential of human thought, imagination and inspiration to meet seemingly insurmountable barriers and defy received belief." The Wright brothers believed in creating and inventing to further society- and in retrospect furthering human kind. For example, their work would lead to the curiosity of space and eventually space travel. The Wright brothers believed in a society in which people are curious, willing to ask questions, learn and create new substances. To briefly discuss, Wilbur and Orville Wright "were born into a middle class family in Ohio (12)." Wilbur Wright was born on April 16, 1867 and died on May 30, 1912. Orville Wright was born on August 19, 1871 and died on January 30, 1948. The Wright brothers were entrepreneurs and business men. They've had three major businesses. The first was in 1886, Orville started doing printing jobs in Dayton with Ed Sines. But later on the Wright brothers pursued the printing press business together. In the 1890s, the Wright brothers had a fascination for bicycles and decided to open up a company called The Wright Cycle Company. Repairing and making bicycles created a curiosity for flying for the Wright brothers. In 1909, after creating the airplane in 1902 and patenting in 1906, they opened up The American Wright Company. (Hamen) Additionally, Orville Wright said "If a bird can glide for long periods of time then why can't I?" The Wright brothers were inspired from two major figures, Leonardo da Vinci, and Otto Lilienthal. Both figures contributed to the study of aviation and so forth. Leonardo da Vinci invented "The flying machine, also known as the ornithopter." (Da Vinci source) Image B shows a picture of Da Vinci' sketches and ideas. Another major inspiration was Otto Lilienthal. He wrote "It must not remain our desire only to aquifer the art of the bird, it is our duty not to rest until we have attained a perfect scientific conception of the problem of flight." Lilienthal believed that one day people will fly, he built and tested 20 aircrafts. But on August 9, 1896- when testing out his "Normal glider" he crashed and broke his neck. His death raised headlines and many spoke about him and his accomplishments. Specifically, to the Wright brothers Lilienthal’s tragic death sparked their interest and caused them to research and come up with their own ideas. (Disciplesofflight) In the early 1990s the Wright brothers started sketching, building and testing their designs. Their firs plane was called a biplane, which traveled 300 feet. It was a good start but in 1901 they started to construct wings using “aerodynamics tables.” After many failed and some successful attempts, the Wright brothers realized that they had to “design a lighter gasoline engine and an efficient propeller.” In 1903, the wright brothers created Flyer I. it flew 852 feet in 59 seconds. The Wright brothers finally did it. They created the first man controlled airplane, this was one step closer to the planes that are present today. Moreover, how can you expect to achieve greatness without allies and a support system? Ed Sines, Charlie Taylor, Charles Flint, and their family provided support and encouragement towards Wilbur and Orville Wright. Ed Sines was a partner with Orville Wright in the printing press business. (201). they both worked with each other and spent a great deal with one another. This was the start of many enterprises for the Wright brothers. Charlie Taylor helped the Wright brothers in two major ways. He was "a bicycle mechanic...in charge of the store." (H45) Taylor took care of the bicycle company while the Wright brothers were in Kitty Hawk to test gliders. Taylor also helped the wright brother repair any damages that took place. (57) Additionally, Charles Flint was a businessman that helped the Wright brothers, sell airplanes in Europe, but it was unsuccessful. But later on they "had struck a deal with a group of French financiers"(67). In short the deal was a major deal for the Wright brothers and very successful. Without Flint's help, it would have been more difficult to get recognition and a business deal. Not only did they have friends and businessmen as allies but their family too. The Wright brothers' parents continuously tried to encourage them to learn and tinker. Without their push who know what the Wright brothers would have done. On the other hand, the Wright brothers had to deal with one major opponent, Glenn Curtiss. Glenn Curtiss and Alexander bell formed the "Aerial Experiment Association"bio. On the other hand, "the Wrights' patent on aeronautical control was issued in 1906," as shown in image C as.com. A year later Curtiss' "June Bug" gained recognition and the patent war had begun. "Curtiss claimed his crafts' control by ailerons was inherently different from the Wrights' patented wing warping." A rivalry began between Curtiss and the Wright brothers. Two disputes between the revelers held great significance. In 1911, Wilbur wright "scored an important legal victory against Glenn Curtiss." 81 The Curtiss Company had to stop building, selling and flying airplanes, but eventually Curtiss appealed and a higher court ruled in Curtiss' favor. Additionally, in 1914 after Orville wright had sued Curtiss a second time, Curtiss "fought back by stating that the patent was not valid." He tried to prove that Samuel Pierpont Langley's "Great Aerodrome" was the first aircraft capable of flying before the Wrights original patent. It took a lot of deception and work on Curtiss' part to make his story believable, but in the end he was caught. The Wright brothers’ invention impacted and changed the world on many levels. Immediately following the success of the airplane, the Wright brothers opened a flying school to teach pilots how to fly. Airplanes continued to be improved upon and become what society know about it today. The successful flight in 1902, greatly impacted the world. It opened up a whole new world to be explored and discovered. The airplane brought people closer together. In the 19th and 20th century people had to use trains, wagons and boats to get from point A to point B, but in the 21st century airplanes provide a quck and easy travel accomplice. The airplane has become an important form of transportation. They carry mail, company products, weapons, people and so on all across. Some say that it made the world shrink in a sense because faraway places can now be reached within hours. The airplane has not only impacted the world commercially, but also militarily. It changed the technique of how we fight wars. Pilots can spy over countries, drop bombs and launch missiles. The military even has its own branch that deals with airplanes, it called the Airforce. Additionally, it changed how society thought, the use of airplanes set a new boundary and created an ideology where the limit is beyond the sky. Lastly, the creation of the airplane led to the curiosity and possibility of space travel. Ultimately, creating the airplane was one step closer for man on the moon. It also encouraged new areas of study and opened up a new realm on many fronts. The Wright brothers had an extraordinary gift to invent and create inventions to help further society. They invented, tested and patented the “first powered, sustained and controlled airplane flight.” Every successful aircraft built today, is because of the 1902 Wright Glider. Without the creation of the airplane human kind would be missing a key element. Notes 1. "Industrial Revolution on the Continent." 2. Textbook 3. "Negative Effects Of The Industrial Revolution." 4. "Child Labor." History.com. 5. "The Wright Brothers." Bio.com. 6. "Wright Brothers." - New World Encyclopedia. 7. Hamen, 12 8. Hamen, 37-99 9. "Flying Machine." Leonardo Da Vinci's Invention 10. McCullough, 59 11. "Otto Lilienthal: The Glider King • Disciples of Flight." 12. Hollar, 100-103 13. Hamen, 20-21 14. Hamen, 45 15. Hamen, 57 16. Hamen, 67 17. "Alexander Graham Bell." 18. L 19. Hamen, 81 20. Hamen, 89 21. "How Has The Airplane Shaped Our Culture?" Appendix A. B. C. Works Cited "Alexander Graham Bell." Bio.com.
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Wilbur Wright once said, “The desire to fly is an idea handed down to us by our ancestors who... looked enviously on the birds soaring freely through space... on the infinite highway of the air.” He changed American culture forever when he made the first flight alongside his brother Orville. This invention would have an even greater impact on our culture than cars. Although cars are used every day in America, planes have had the largest impact on American culture. Without planes, our lives would be drastically different, but not in a good way. Airplanes had a major impact on military, commerce, and travel.
"Child Labor." History.com. A&E Television Networks, 2009. Web. 21 Dec. 2017. (-- removed HTML --) .
America had a huge industrial revolution in the late 1800”s. Many changes happened to our great nation, which factored into this. The evidence clearly shows that advancements in new technology, a large wave of immigrants into our country and new views of our government, helped to promote America’s huge industrial growth from the period of 1860-1900.
The Second Industrial Revolution took place between 1870 and 1914, beginning as Ulysses S. Grant entered the presidential office and coming to a close in Woodrow Wilson’s first term. While the (first) Industrial Revolution in America is often considered as one of the most fruitful and dense in innovations in history, the following decades brought innumerable technological advancements, improving the many recently created materials and machines. Scientists made great progress in developing steel, the use of internal combustion engines skyrocketed, networks to transmit electricity were produced for the first time, and the introduction of interchangeable parts revolutionized the system of mass production. During these years, advancements were
Heppenheimer, T. (2001). A Brief History Of Flight: From Balloons to Mach 3 and Beyond. Canada: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Introduction The industrial revolution took place between 1750 and 1850 all round the world. In this essay it describes the changes made in Middlesbrough in this period and how the managed to cope with the surge of people coming into Middlesbrough. Everything changed in Middlesbrough in the Industrial Revolution like mining, transport, agriculture and even technology. Population grew at great rate as there was plenty of work and cheap labour was readily available.
When the Industrial Revolution took place in the 1800’s many positive and negative effects came out of it. The poor working and living conditions resulted in many deaths, the improved technology lead to a faster way to manufacture and distribute goods, and the improved machinery stemmed a way to make products cheaper, quicker, and easier. Even though negative
English Online. (Ed.). (n.d.). The Industrial Revolution. Retrieved April 23, 2012, from English-online.com Web site: http://www.english-online.at/history/industrial-revolution/industrial-revolution-manufacturing.htm
In today’s society, to be even considered as cool, one must learn how to become modern and contemporary. By the day, the elderly pursue the quality of being young again. One disastrous method of doing so is through technology, which leads to arguments and frustration. In the 1800s, the use of modernization played an important role in the possession of power. The first country to start the race to modernization was Great Britain. This period of time was called the industrial revolution. Not only did the industrial revolution bring vital advancements to Great Britain, but also fatal diseases. Therefore, the industrial revolution positively and negatively affected Great Britain and its people.
The history of flying dates back as early as the fifteenth century. A Renaissance man named Leonardo da Vinci introduced a flying machine known as the ornithopter. Da Vinci proposed the idea of a machine that had bird like flying capabilities. Today no ornithopters exist due to the restrictions of humans, and that the ornithopters just aren’t practical. During the eighteenth century a philosopher named Sir George Cayley had practical ideas of modern aircraft. Cayley never really designed any workable aircraft, but had many incredible ideas such as lift, thrust, and rigid wings to provide for lift. In the late nineteenth century the progress of aircraft picks up. Several designers such as Henson and Langley, both paved the way for the early 1900’s aircraft design. Two of the most important people in history of flight were the Wright Brothers. The Wright Brothers were given the nickname the “fathers of the heavier than air flying machine” for their numerous flights at their estate in Kitty Hawk, North Carolina. Orville and Wilbur Wright created a motor-powered biplane in which they established incredible feats of the time. The Wright Brothers perfected their design of the heavier than air flying ma...
Hammond, J.L and Hammond, B (1937). The rise of modern industry. London: Methuen & Co . 162.
The Industrial Revolution began in the 18th century, opening doors of unlimited production possibilities. The inventors of this time created a new look on life and the eager society of the century never looked back. Industrialization is an on-going process that is central to understanding humans. With inventions from such dedicated people as James Watt, Benjamin Franklin, and Eli White, the Industrial Revolution was made possible.
Smithsonian Education - Stories of the Wrights' Flight. Smithsonian Institution, 23 Jan. 2013. Web. The Web. The Web. 8 Jan. 2014.
In 1903, when the first successful flight had made its mark in the history books, the focus was on a successful take o...