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Research in african american literature
Essays on black hair history
African American Literature Essays
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The history of the significance and culture related to African-Americans’ hair is a very deep and interesting topic. There are many different hairstyles and troubles from having to live with those different sorts of hairstyles, but which hairstyle would someone choose and why? This book shared the experience of African-American men and women in the 1800's to the current era in extensive detail to help answer that question. In Hair Story: Untangling the Roots of Black Hair in America, Ayana and Lori explain how the Africans and African-Americans in the nation were oppressed and lost their identity or had to change their identification in hopes of being better accepted because they were often found to be less likable or desirable by whites when …show more content…
During the slavery days, many African and African-American men and women had their hair shaved from their heads for sanitary reasons. Unfortunately, this resulted in a loss of culture and identity which persisted even after they regrew their hair. When the slaves grew back their hair, their habits and care often had to change because of practical reasons or because their owners enforced certain ideas. Old meanings were lost and new meanings were adopted. Sometimes, this was out of necessity; if they needed to grease their hair, they would use the bacon or wheel grease which was available in the Americas rather than a grease hair product they would have used in their native country. It was also possible for slave owners to force certain meanings: When slaves had different hairstyles, it was usually a determinant for what they would be assigned to work on. Slaves grew to believe that if they had acquired straightened hair, they would be granted freedom. It could also mean that they would not have to work so hard on the plantations. If they had lighter skin and straightened hair, they had more opportunities to have such things as better food, better clothes, and an education beyond menial …show more content…
The most obvious weak point of the book was that it did not tell enough about the culture of the hair to the Africans and that it did not exactly say how exactly the culture started. The book only said where it originated and about the date that it had started being part of the culture of the Africans. The book said that hair had started meaning a lot to the culture in the early fifteenth century and that it had many meanings, but the book did not explain how the hair was introduced to being part of the culture even though it claimed that the original culture believed the hair to be the most sacred part of the African’s body because it was the closest to the heavens. Another thing that was not explained was why people in that culture alone think that thick hair is considered your life force. The book does not try to explain why people thought that hair could be used to harm another person if you had a single strand of his or her hair. On the other hand, the book has its strong points, such as its detailed explanation of the hardships in the lives of the slaves and how they treated their hair in the past and in the present. Another strong point would be how the book shared the experience of the African-Americans hairstyles and emphasized their view of the importance of hair in their
Thus, being conveyed in the African American population as a cultural identifier, American Airlines had created a policy that restricted a group of people from fully expressing their culture, discriminatorily forcing them to “fade into the mainstream.” And still, there’s the matter that cultural beliefs and practices are often engraved into one’s identity, which is composed of immutable traits. While the court judged cornrows to be mutable due to the idea that they are simply a chosen hairstyle popularized by a white actress (even though the fact that a white actress uses a mainly African American attribute does not make such attribute a holistic, white, American attribute), cornrows had become an immutable trait for Rogers, explaining her concern and motive to sue for her rights. In such way it becomes noticeable how Yoshino and the courts make it seem as if there’s a standard, universal guideline as to what traits are immutable or mutable, and contrary to that opinion, Roger’s case fully proves that the classification of an attribute as immutable or mutable can only be relative, and that the one opinion that should surpass all classifications of the attribute is that belonging to the one identifying with such
Alice Walker’s short creative nonfiction, Dreads uses imagery to convey her narrative about a hairstyle that was inspired by singer, Bob Marley. Dreads are defined as a “hairstyle in which the hair is washed, but not combed, and twisted while wet into braids or ringlets hanging down on all sides”, according to howtogetdreads.com. Imagery was chosen for this paper by the depth of Walker’s illustration of beauty that natural hair has that might seem to be abonnement or not professional by society standards. This reading sparks interests just by the title a lone. That people have mixed feeling about dreads, some might see it as being spiritual; or as a political statement. However, Walker loves the way her natural hair is supposed to form without
Many people say that African-American women natural beauty isn’t the white supremacist look but fail to realize that when straightening your hair or looking a certain way minimizes their self-actualization to present themselves as an individual. By hiding your true beauty (meaning expressing yourself through the way you look) brings self-esteem issues because you are constantly putting yourself down when you find yourself looking more natural than different. For example Hook states, “within white supremacist capitalist patriarchy, the social and political context in which the custom of black folks straightening our hair emerges, it represents an imitation of the dominant white groups appearance and often indicates internalized racism, self-hatred, and/or low self-esteem” (336). That indicates that the illogical beauty standards of white supremacy brings women self-esteem to rock bottom and sooner or later make them hate the way they were born/created as an
Some black women have taken it upon themselves to fight what they perceive as racial discrimination against black women maintaining natural hair. It is not uncommon to see many young women creating blogs to share insights about how natural hair can be maintained and the need for African women to accept this as part of their identity
Black women have been the essence of style, originality all while receiving nothing but bad response from critics who secretly envy them. Natural hair tends to be another widespread trend. I think that some do the natural so they can connect with their African roots while I think others just like the look, or maybe it’s easier. No matter what grade of hair society has one marked term for black hair which is “nappy”. Besides pertaining to actions, the word ghetto is used to describe just about every aspect of a black girl's life. "Girl your hair look ghetto" and "You talk/sound ghetto" are two common phrases used around school. Colored hair, weaves, extensions, dyes and relaxers/perms are all things black girls have encountered. If your hair looks "too" nice, it's assumed that you're wearing weave or that you've gotten a fresh
Hair Care is another popular africanism present in America for African americans. For african american woman going for a natural hairstyle is quite common. Dating back to pre-colonial africa a natural afro hair style defined status and identity. Different styles indicated certain qualitie...
African American hair looks gorgeous, attractive and beautiful. Your hair is extremely fragile and needs proper care and gentle touch so that it doesn’t break or get loose. Here are the top African American hair cares FAQs.
The article Straightening My Hair by Bell Hooks makes her argument of finding the reason of why African American women straighten their hair. She first states that Black Americans straighten their hair because it is the stage of transformation; it closes the door of innocence and opens the door to adulthood. Slowly, she starts changing her views. She comes up with the statement that African Americans do not straighten their hair for reasonable reasons, but to imitate the characteristics of white women. She informs that black people repeat this process because they have low self-acceptance of their roots and background, and that they have lost beauty in themselves. My argument against this statement is that it is erroneous to claim that the straightening of African American hair is misinterpreted as their acceptance into the white community; straightening of hair is the symbolism of impending womanhood, closing the door of innocence, and sharing a time to meditate by relaxing your soul.
In the narrative “My First Conk” influential black rights activist, Malcolm X, tells of the first time he straightened his hair when he moved to Boston. Malcolm uses the experience to convince blacks that they must embrace their own identity rather than changing to be like whites, because it reinforces the idea of white superiority. At this time, black men would often go through the harmful process of “conking” their hair in order to have a straight hairstyle like the white majority. Malcolm states, “Look around today… and you'll see conks on black men… It makes me wonder if the Negro has completely lost his sense of identity, lost touch with himself”(156-157). Malcolm draws to the attention of black men that conking their hair results in complete loss
Stereotypes are harmful because they affect those who are struggling with their identity. I think Wolfe included typical African American stereotypes such as the basketball player described by Miss Pat, the African American woman with “attitude” and “a healthy head of kinks” described by Janine, and Aunt Ethel who portrays the “down-home black woman.” In The Hairpiece, the woman is being persuaded to either be the sociality
Hair is interpersonal because it allows for people to connect in ways they necessarily wouldn’t have connected other wise. Jefferson describes an encounter she has at a shore while she buying hair products. During the encounter, the cashier assumes that Jefferson isn’t Black and doesn’t understand Black hair, so he tries to reassure her that she is making the right purchase. Jefferson then goes on to say a series of cultural specific things to confirm her racial identity. She said that she must, “ articulate what we both know to be the chasm that divides ‘curly hair’” and “provide precision since his skin is black-brown and mine is cream-brown” and she ends by stating firmly, “I am African American”(1). I found it interesting that though they were both Black, Jefferson was the one who felt the pressure to have to “prove” her racial identity. She does this through talking a lot more then she should but hair gives her the avenue to have the conversation. In a final act to affirm her identity, Jefferson, while talking about her hair dresser, states, he “understands the mechanics of hair that goes from curly to frizzy to… nappy” (1). And with that single word they were able to connect and share laughs over hair struggles that only the “in” group, another vernacular aspect, understands. Jefferson was also to confirm her identity and establish a relationship though simply talking
Everyone is raised within a culture with a set of customs and morals handed down by those generations before them. Most individual’s view and experience identity in different ways. During history, different ethnic groups have struggled with finding their place within society. In the mid-nineteen hundreds, African Americans faced a great deal of political and social discrimination based on the tone of their skin. After the Civil Rights Movement, many African Americans no longer wanted to be identified by their African American lifestyle, so they began to practice African culture by taking on African hairdos, African-influenced clothing, and adopting African names. By turning away from their roots, many African Americans embraced a culture that was not inherited, thus putting behind the unique and significant characteristics of their own inherited culture. Therefore, in an African American society, a search for self identity is a pervasive theme.
Gary Soto and Cathy Song, the authors of Black Hair and Lost Sister, have had to come to terms with their culture. Living in America, it’s hard to think outside the box because of stereotypes and pre-dispositions. In order to find you’re self and come to terms with who you are as a person apposed to what the rest of the world may view you as, you have to approach the stereotypes head on and grow from them. Both of the speakers in Black Hair and Lost Sister has had to recognize the short comings of their culture to be accepted and grow in the American Culture.
Almost 250 years of slavery and anti-blackness within the United States has created a divide in what type of hair is acceptable. According to Cynthia L. Robinson, “Black hair texture is graded” (Robinson 2011). Precisely, this means that a Black woman has either good hair or bad hair. Good hair has a resemblance of European hair texture, meaning straight and wavy curls. Good hair also diminishes the look of African ancestry. Bad is the complete opposite. The texture is kinky, coiled, and thick, giving the appearance of short hair (Robinson 2011). Hair that bears a resemblance to Eurocentric beauty standards is more beautiful and makes the individual with that hair type more beautiful as well (Robinson
Describing the hair salon experience as “of something organic dying which should not have died,” Ifemelu expresses regret for this attempt at conforming to American standards. Therefore, Ifemelu grieves the loss of her identity as she leaves the hair salon. After “she breezed through the job interview,” Ifemelu wonders “if the [interviewer] would have felt the same way had she walked into that office wearing her thick, kinky, God-given halo of hair, the Afro” (252). By describing her hair as a “God-given halo,” Ifemelu captures the sanctity of her natural hair (252). Despite her success in the interview process, Ifemelu remains disgruntled about her new relaxed hair, which “is like being in a prison” (257). Desperate to resist caving into the pressure of assimilating into American culture and to reconnect with her Nigerian roots, Ifemelu allows Wambui to cut her hair, “leaving only two inches, the new growth since her last relaxer” (258). While Ifemelu initially cedes to American beauty standards to achieve success, she ultimately rejects them to stay aligned with her Nigerian