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The basic principles for the total quality management (tqm) philosophy
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Contained within the following paper is the evaluation of the author’s organization’s mission, vision goals, and objectives .The author will discuss the pre-determined questions as set forth by Jeffrey Trapp, a certified University of Phoenix instructor. This paper will discuss the differences that a rise between a company that has implemented TQM (Total Quality Management) with that of the authors own organization’s management style.
The organization that which the author is currently an employee is Frito-Lay. Frito-Lay is owned and there for a part of a larger organization known as Pepsico. Frito-Lay’s mission statement is “to be the world’s favorite snack always within arms reach”. Frito-Lay is the largest and fastest growing snack food manufacturer in the United States. Frito-Lay sells 8 of the 10 top snack chip brands and sells 600 pounds of Lay's chips every minute. Frito-Lay holds leading market share in all major snack chip categories. Being such a staple in the snack food industry Frito-Lay must keep the quality of their product held at high standards.
Within the sales division of Frito-Lay the management system runs as a chain of command with the sales representative being the last line of defense between the company and the customer. The sales representative receives his sales plans and product placement orders form the district sales leader who receives his orders from the zone sales manager and so on up the chain. Ultimately the role of increasing sales and product recognition rest on the shoulders of the sales representative.
The company that the author has chosen to compare his own organization with is the Toyota motor company. The Toyota Company has become a renowned leader in the area of quality management. Toyota’s theory of “keep it lean” has kept the company running at a level that eclipses the industry standards.
The management style at Frito-lay tends to involve a lot of needless procedure and personal that proves to make a simple problem complicated. The Toyota company with it’s keep it lean theory keeps the process of doing business as simple as possible. Where at Frito-Lay when there are a problem the sales person has to call the district sales leader who then in part has to get the need information from the people above him. At Toyota if there is a problem then the person who discovered the problem has the freedom to halt the procedure and do what is needed to correct the deficiency.
TQM is a company’s complete “culture of quality” approach which focuses on long-term success. It strives for continuous improvement, in all aspects of an organization, as a process and not as a short-term goal. TQM’s involves everyone in the organization to transform the organization into a forward-thinking entity by influencing attitudes, practices, structures, and systems of the entire organization (Business Dictionary, 2014). TQM was crafted by William Edwards Deming, a statistician who specialized in statistical process control after World War II. Deming outlined 14 points of TQM where all people of an organization can constantly search for ways to improve the process, product, and service. Deming developed the
Achieving quality of conformance involved conform to specifications that involve providing customers with a quality product at the right price which accounts for the cost of materials. In order for a company to achieve and produce a successful product that customers want and need, it is vital that quality management and lean systems play front row. Quality management helps organizations to reduce waste and inventory. “Lean is about challenging the way things are done and opening our eyes to that waste and inefficiency” (Lean Benefits - Benefits of Lean, Why Lean is Important, 2015). Within each of these concepts are important tool and techniques that organizations can use to achieve a quality product. In this paper I will discuss “cost of quality” from the quality management side and “kaizen’s” from the lean system side, while discussing how each of these concepts are implemented into my own life or
Despite the economically uncertainty Pret A Manger keeps on thriving in the U.S. fast food market. It’s growing fast, with huge success. Pret is proving to the world its a big threat in the sandwich industry. In 2011, U.S. sales up 40% from the year before, “the company’s overall profits grew by 37% in 2010, and annual workforce turnover is only 60%, compared to fast food industry averages of 300-400%.” (Smart Advantage)
Lean is not a new concept and surfaced as a result of Toyota’s Production System. Manufacturing has been using lean principles since the 1980’s (Sarkar, 2008). Lean today goes beyond manufacturing into health, education,
Total Quality Management (TQM) cannot be implemented in Panama if there is no employee participation. This problem exists due to an autocratic leadership style deeply imbedded in the organization. An autocratic leader believes that employees are dependent, hostile, unwilling to work, and need detailed plans at all times. Due to the above characteristics of this leadership style, TQM cannot be properly applied to Tropical Export Company.
In the mid 1980s, and into the 1990s, business leaders realized that a renewed focus on quality was required to continue to compete in an expanding global market. (NIST, 2010) Consequently, several strategic frameworks were developed for managing, and measuring organizational performance. Among them were the Malcomb Baldrige National Quality Award, which was created by and act of congress and signed into law by the President in 1987, and The Balanced Scorecard, which is a performance management tool that was born out of research conducted in the late 1980s and early 1990s by Robert S. Kaplan, and David P. Norton published in 1996 (Kaplan, 1996). Initially, the renewed emphasis on quality management systems was a reaction to the LEAN approach to quality management implemented by many Japanese businesses to great success post World War II.
Zatzick, Moliterno, and Fang (2012) write that Total Quality Management “TQM primarily focuses on increasing inefficiencies and improving processes, particularly when implemented in manufacturing organizations” (p.1322). Deming (1988) writes that American companies do not work steadily towards process improvement. He feels that management should be consistent with its efforts to improve upon the quality of its products. Beer (2003) views TQM as an ongoing process in order to ensure product excellence. TQM has the ability to change the companies’ culture and work processes. Quality management is a long term process. These changes usually require new initiatives. Deming (1998) explains how the Japanese are at an advantage because they are not beholden to stakeholders. Japanese companies are able to concentrate on their employees. This type of environment encourages trust between workers and management. Beer (2003) feels that TQM involves “multiple stakeholder philosophy that equally values community, customers, and employees (p.624). Team work and collaboration are a big part of the TQM philosophy.
“Various management systems have also appeared as structures in which to implement quality improvement. One of these is total quality management (TQM), which is a strategy for implementing and managing quality improvement activities on an organization-wide basis.
The concept of quality is at the heart of many of our ideas about effective management and leadership and programs like total quality management have been at the core many companies’ success. Now, we owe this transformation to Dr. W. Edwards Deming, a statistician who went to Japan to help with the census after World War II. His message was, by improving quality, companies will decrease expenses and increase productivity and market share. This article explains how to integrate principles and objectives into all aspects of operations. One such organization
Toyota seemed to be suffering from a major problem with their decision making. Decision making for an organization the size and influence of Toyota needs to be top of mind for its management structure, from the CEO down to the supervisors in their manufacturing facilities.
“While Total Quality Management has proven to be an effective process for improving organizational functioning, its value can only be assured through a comprehensive and well thought out implementation process” (Packard, 1995). Implementing TQM requires large scale change. Change can be difficult in a culture where patterns have been ingrained. However, the survival of the company is dependent upon the change. Change is not just focused on the customer but also on the entire culture of the organization, its belief systems and decision making processes. Changes done according to a plan are usually successful.
TQM is essential to be used by all the companies especially the manufacturing companies who have the responsibility to ensure about the quality of the product. TQM is being viewed as the boon and it is an approach for improving the quality and customer satisfaction in the long run and also reduces the amount of waste (www.businessknowledgesource.com). There are various components which have to be addressed in implementing the TQM they are Ethics, integrity, training, trust, teamwork, communication and recognition (www.businessknowledgesource.com).
The nonmanufacturing companies can learn and apply from Toyota’s philosophy and practices as listed below:
A sales manager has many responsibilities such as spreading product to customers, setting sales areas, goals, and analyzing sales data (“Sales Manager” What’s para. 1). Although a sales manager performs many duties, people in this position will also set a sales goal for the year, and will build a sales outlook on what they will do in the upcoming years (“Sales Manager” Sokanu para. 1).A person in this position will also manage where the goods and products their company will be distributing by giving certain sales area where a salesman will work and sell the product (“Sales Manager” Sokanu para. 2). During work time, a sales manager may be asked to hire and train a new salesman added to his team (“Sales Manager” Sokanu para. 3). Occasionally, a sales manager will interpret sales statistics in a specific area when looking where to assign certain salesman to a sales territory (“Sales Manager” Sokanu pa...
Even though Total Quality Management (TQM) has been replaced by other quality methodologies in many cases, organizations that have taken the long arduous journey to properly implement TQM benefited from it immensely [1]. While TQM may be perceived by many employees as just another passing fad that will soon fall by the wayside, the environmental conditions that exist within the organization will determine if TQM can be successfully implemented and take root. What is Total Quality Management (TQM)? TQM is a system of continuous improvement of work processes to enhance the organization’s ability to deliver high-quality products or services in a cost-effective manner [2].