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Essays on stonehenge
People's theories about the stonehenge
Essays on stonehenge
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Stonehenge
Stonehenge, one of England most puzzling structures has historian, researchers and archeologists very unsure of it actually purpose. Whatever Stonehenge is it is a remarkable structure full of mystery and magic. Between 1919 and 1950 was a major breakthrough when archeologist began finding the remains of Stonehenge, Today he remains of Stonehenge can be visited in the fields of Witt shire England, where it has stood for nearly 5000 years. Stonehenge has three major areas starting with the inner circle, a smaller stone semicircle, and a larger more define horseshoe surrounding the two smaller areas. The inner part of Stonehenge dates back more than 5000 years ago. The radius of the inner circle spans 320 feet, the depth of the ditch is 7 feet deep by 20 ft wide. The people who built this circle took the chalk like rock that was produced from digging and built up a bank within the bank there were 56 holes dug named after the scholar John Alburey. At the entrance of the circle there were two stone that were put in place these made sort of an entrance way to the circle as well as two more stone opposite of each other. One of the main stones still standing is called the slaughter stone which is one of the entrance stones. After the building of the inner circle there was evidence that the Neolithic people used it for another 500 years after.
The second area of Stonehenge is one of the most baffling areas of Stonehenge. This area was dated back around 2100 BCE. The construction of a semicircle made of 80 pieces of granite stone (blue stone) was built with two Heel stones at either end. “The Avenue” leading in to the center of the semicircle was a path that had banks on either side and now in modern day is very close to the h...
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...opping areas, highways and a visitor’s center. Tours are held taking people around the stone and answering questions about it. Each year during midsummer’s eve sunrise there are thousands of visitors surrounding Stonehenge just to watch the sun become aligned with the entrances? The modern day druids come to ask for blessings and give offerings to their ancestors and to Stonehenge. After seeing this amazing site visitors say they feel the tingle of electric and magic in the air as they tour Stonehenge. Other than being one of England’s most visited sites, the construction of stone hedge is still one of the biggest mysteries in the world. The structure is strange and the stories entertaining. Hopefully one day the mystery of Stonehenge will be unraveled and the real story will come out, but until then it is kind of nice to hear the different legends of Stonehenge.
Stonehenge was built in several different phases beginning with the large white circle, 330 feet in diameter, surrounded by an eight foot-high embankment and a ring of fifty-six pits now referred to as the Aubrey Holes.(Stokstad, p.53; Hoyle) In a subsequent building phase, thirty huge pillars of stone were erected and capped by stone lintels in the central Sarsen Circle, which is 106 feet in diameter.(Stokstad, p.54) This circle is so named because the stone of which the pillars and lintels were made was sarsen. Within the Sarsen Circle were an incomplete ring and a horsesho...
...ncyclopedia of Archaeology, Ed. Deborah M. Pearsall. Vol. 3. Oxford, United Kingdom: Academic Press, 2008. p1896-1905. New Britain: Elsevier, Inc.
There are many legends about Stonehenge because there is no written records left behind about it. These legends or myths help explain the origin of the giant stones. On page 69, it says that “nobody knows for sure how the ring of stones came to be. But some believe they know part of the reason why Stonehenge exists.” For instance, some people believe that they are “dancing giants” that turned to stone.
The content of this project is based on the largest and most complete megalithic structure in Europe, The Stonehenge. It resides in center of the southern England; on the wide spread Salisbury Plains. It is said to be old approximately four thousand years, and it is even considered older than the Great Pyramids of Egypt. Standing there over such a long time, it has been the subject of research and mystery in general, for a really long time. Dozens of notable scientists, emperors and others expressed their admiration and interest through different means of explorations and excavations. There have been various theories on how it was built, and what the purpose of it was, and some of them are really intriguing and interesting such. Some thought it was built as a solar-lunar calendar, some said that it had medical purposes for the giants that had built it, it was considered a ceremonial place, temple of veneration, a portal and lastly but not less important, there were some associations of Stonehenge to the aliens. The two specific theories on the Stonehenge’s importance will be discussed and summarized in this essay. First theory comes from an astronomical stand point interpreted by Mr. Chris Witcombe, and the second theory might sound unusual when said the Stonehenge represents the human vulva, and this theory is interpreted by Anthony Perks(PhD) and Darlene Bailey(BA).
There is an ongoing debate on whether the Parthenon Marbles, now located in London, England, should be returned to their original homeland of Athens, Greece. The marbles were removed from the Parthenon by Lord Elgin from 1801-1812 and transported to England. They were sold to the British government in 1816 and put in the British Museum where they have been for the last 200 years. I believe that the marbles should now be returned to Greece, not only because of the method and circumstances surrounding their removal, but because they are original pieces of the oldest and most symbolic structure in Greek history that epitomizes the pinnacle of Ancient Classical Greece and the beginning of western democracy through artistic ingenuity.
Stonehenge is located in Southern England on what is known as the Salisbury Plain. The structure looks different than it once did, however. Today, Stonehenge suffers the effects of time and pernicious acts by people. Originally, in the years after completion, the structure was made up of “several concentric circles of megaliths, very large stones.” (5) Stonehenge consists a circular layout of approximately one hundred megaliths. On the tops of them another flat stone was placed to make a continuous ring of horizontal stones. These structures are known as trilithons.
Woodhenge is a circle of wooden posts that had been put into the ground, forming what is believed to be a calendar. Some people believe that this solar calendar was formed to possibly help the people of Cahokia with knowing when to plant and harvest their crops that they grew. (Hurst, 1994) There is evidence that these large wooden stakes had been replaced multiple times which could be evidence that there could have been some sort of conflict that took place in Cahokia that had lead to the destruction of Woodhenge at some point in the history of the
However, the artefacts brought to England from Benin in 1897 were an anomaly. The craftsmanship and sophistication were such that some were reminiscent of the beautiful figures in the Hofkiche, Innsbruck 1502-1563 (plate 3.1.12. Visited...
The Greeks, Usborne Publishing, London Woodford, Susan (1981) The Parthenon Cambridge University Press, Cambridge Beard, Mary (2002) The Parthenon Profile Books, London Bibliography – Websites = ==
Relying on the assumption that the channels could not have been accessed at a date later than the construction of the Fountain House, and that debris could not have made its way into the channels or surrounding areas after construction, Paga seems to be able to provide rather compelling evidence to support her dating of the Fountain House at circa 480-450 BCE. Most convincingly, she notes a saltcellar and a black-gloss Vicup or kylix base (Figure 15, Pg. 372 and Figure 12, Pg. 370 respectively). Saltcellars “are generally associated with the first quarter of the 5th century and rarely appear before 500,” (Paga, 374) and Vicups are “a particular type of cup that was manufactured for a brief time, perhaps for only a single generation, and almost all of its examples date to the second quarter of the 5th century,” (Paga, 374). However, Paga never distinguishes why the black-gloss base is “more likely,” (Paga, 374) from a Vicup than a less esoteric kylix, leaving reason to doubt the evidence she extrapolates from the shard originating as a part of a Vicup. Furthermore, and more significantly, the assumption Paga makes with regards to debris access to the areas the ceramics were found seems unfounded. While she is more than comfortable with the assumption, she does not identify why “such a hypothesis—that the later sherds [sic] represent an intrusion...seems highly unlikely,” (Paga, 376), she only identifies that—to her—it does. In contrast to this, Paga's supporting of her ideas with evidence from the pipelines themselves is more potentially more
The first permanent stone fortifications was built in Jericho. They constructed the building using roughly shaped stones laid without mortar (Kleiner, 24). Once Jericho’s inhabitants left their site, a different group of people came to settle there. They used different techniques, “…established a farming community of rectangular mud-brick houses on stone foundations with plastered and painted floors and walls” (Kleiner, 25). The megalithic tomb in Ireland was built in the form of a passage grave. “At Newgrandge, the huge megaliths forming the vaulted passage and the dome are held in place by their own weight without mortar, each stone countering the thrust o neighboring stones. Decorating some of the megaliths are incised spirals and other motifs” (Kleiner, 27). The main chamber used early examples of corralled vaulting and in addition the Newgrandge tomb illuminates sunlight through the passage and the burial chamber during the winter solstice. Nearing the end of the fourth millennium BCE, Neolithic civilization had spread in every diffraction even to small remote areas. “…Hagar Quim is one of many constructed on Malta between 3200 and 2500 BCE” (Kleiner, 27).The builders of Malta constructed the temple by pilling cut stone blocks very carefully in stacked horizontal rows. “To construct the doorways at Hagar Qim, the builders employed the post-and-lintel system in which two upright stones
White, John B. Afterword. Stonehenge Decoded. By Gerald S. Hawkins. New York: Doubleday, 1965. 191-197.
The Parthenon is an amazing Greek temple that was built 2,500 years ago. Even the architects of today have numerous questions about how it was constructed and how it has held up through its eventful past. The Parthenon's detailed appearance is not its only meaningful quality. The Parthenon was constructed as a temple to the goddess, Athena, and as an icon of the Greek people themselves. The Parthenon represents the Greek ideals of humanism, idealism, and rationalism.
People visit the extravagant grounds of Versailles every day with joy, hearing about all the historical and cultural events that have taken place there. Since the palace is massive, the tourists only have a select area in which they can see. They get the chance to walk in the footsteps of royalty and the gorgeous gardens and visit the grand apartments of the king. Versailles sets a cultural ground for people to see and experience everyday. Today, the people of France, view Versailles as a cherished, historical monument, and a part of the French culture that reflects the past.
Architecture in the Carolingian period made good use of wood just as the Celto-Germanic period did. A major difference between the two was that Carolingian architects used stone only for important buildings such as churches and castles. Their buildings and plans for unfinished buildi...