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Literature review of crm
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Introduction
In marketing, there are two ways of selling products to consumers. One is the mass marketing or undifferentiated marketing, and the other is target marketing or differentiated marketing. The former is the traditional way of reaching out consumers by selling all of them the same products. The latter is the contemporary way of connecting with the consumers whereby companies choose select groups of people or organizations to sell to. Target marketing is the trend nowadays in selling products in which companies are creating customized sales approaches for every group of buyers.
One-to-One Marketing
Along with target marketing, there is a process called one-to-one marketing wherein best customers are targeted by companies to form personal relationships with them and give them what they want. One-to-one marketing is defined by www.wisegeek.com (n.d.) as a new variation of an old concept, one depending on a customer relationship management (CRM) strategy that focuses on personal interaction and investing in personal communication. While much attention is focused on mass market...
The backbone of marketing is the target market (Vest, 2007). Target marketing is the specific group of people that a company is trying to reach with its marketing effort. The target
Figure out the typical customers is the first marketing strategy. Business should find the right customers who would by your product and tailor and focus its marketing effort toward them. Thus, this target market represents the group of customer offering greatest opportunity.
Target markets their products to a variety of market segments when speaking about their clothing lines. The top three segments are Age-Related Segments and Gender-Related Segments. Targets approach to development, marketing and advertisement is based on seasons, genders, age in the terms of wants and needs and styles while also staying true to their brand imagine. Target has positioned itself as one of the biggest retailers with a brand imagine that can connect to the consumers, and the ability to develop and deliver high end products that come at an affordable price.
SECTION 3: TARGET MARKET: A full description of the current market segment(s) and identification of an existing or new target market to be the focus for the remainder of the strategic marketing plan, including a discussion of why this target market represents a growth opportunity for the company. Description of target market must be extensive and based on the criteria for segmenting consumer markets as outlined by Kotler. Also discuss the positioning strategy to be used for this chosen target market.
Consumer purchasing decisions and behavior is continuing to change, not just in the U.S. but worldwide, shifting more away from the department store and onto the web. In such a changing environment, customer relationship management (CRM) becomes more important than ever, especially to a company such as Nordstrom who is the gold standard of customer service, the measuring stick by which other companies measure themselves (Spector & McCarthy, n.d.). The key for Nordstrom will be to adapt their traditional core strength, intimate and personalized customer service, to this new environment.
Marketing involves activities to find right people for the business and then gaining their attention and retaining them for life. There are many theories marketers employed to stand their business out of crowd or at least make it visible. To make any business efficiency and effective, it is important to seek the target customer market. There are primarily three main areas to consider while identifying the target market. Those are as follows;
Market segmentation means dividing the market into distinct groups that have common needs and will respond similarly to marketing action. Each segment must be unique, have common needs, and respond in a similar manner to marketing efforts. Target market is the group of potential customer that has been selected by business to focus its marketing efforts towards. This is the group the business wants to sell its products/services to. Positioning refers to the image created in the minds of customer of its product or brand. It is a perception created in the minds of the consumer relative to that of its competitors.
Once a business has successfully completed segmentation based on the market into various groups the targets will be chosen. As we all know no one unique strategy will be able to appeal to all consumer segments therefore being able to come up with different strategies for specific targets are a vital aspect of marketing.
Once segments of customers have been defined, marketers need to select and evaluate which segments will be worth targeting. Cui and Choudhury (2003) define market targeting as marketing a product to a segment of customers due to the magnetism, for example size or growth, of the group. Marketers are able to select segments using undifferentiated, differentiated and concentrated marketing. By ignoring segment differences ...
Market opportunities for breakfast cereals is vast, some segments of the market have been neglected, most notably that of the over-50’s. Insightful presentations were given at the “Older, Richer, Wiser” Conference that would suggest the over 50’s market segment is targetable.
Richards, K., & Jones, E. (2008). Customer relationship management: finding value drivers. Industrial Marketing Management, 37, 120-130.
The term “direct marketing” excludes the "middle man" from promotion, as a company's message is provided directly to a potential customer. (Investopedia, 2010) Direct marketing is an advertising campaign that aims to gain an action (such as an order, a visit to a store or Web site, or a request for further information) from a group of consumers in response specific communication from a marketer. The communication may take many forms such as mail, telemarketing, direct e-mail marketing, and point-of-sale (POS) interactions. (searchcrm.techtarget.com, 2014).
Primarily, strategic marketing initiates its process through market research, thereby inculcating the optimal target customers throughout the development phase of the product or service. Market research enables the firm to identify trends from the horizon, especially by studying major competitors in the market that eventually informs the firm’s product designs and development. Strategic marketing does thus enable the company to use to researched information to differentiate products for individual client niches, which provides the firm with a competitive
Customer relationship management or CRM for short is a model for managing a company’s interactions with current and future customers. When CRM is utilized correctly it will increase profitability and customer loyalty, which are both very important to an organization. It involves using technology to organize, automate, and synchronize sales, marketing, customer service, and technical support. Customer relationship management is very important in many ways to help a company become and stay successful. CRM can help businesses gain a competitive edge through communication, marketing, gathering customer information, social media and mobile technology. Customer relationship management is a continually evolving domain and now social media technologies have revolutionized the way businesses and consumers interact. (Choudhury & Harrigan, 2014) There are many benefits that come with implementing customer relationship management.
Customer relationship management has become the marketing buzzword of the past two decades, with business-to-business firms jumping in, many without really being certain of what they hope to achieve from it, and oftentimes being disappointed with the results. Gummesson (2004) describes CRM as "the values and strategies of relationship marketing with particular emphasis on customer relationships- turned into a practical application. " CRM has become a necessity to successfully and profitability manage customers and a firm’s relationship with them, with the market reaching a value of approximately $11.5 billion in 2002. Xu et al. 2002). The 'Secondary' of the 'Secondary' of the 'Secondary' of the 'Secondary' of the 'Second