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Jean Watson's Human Caring Theory
Jean Watson's Human Caring Theory
Jean Watson's Human Caring Theory
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The last section of level one outcome concerns Jean Watson and her science of human caring. In the earlier times of the nursing profession nurses were considered mechanistic(cite). To be mechanistic means that the nurses only did what they were told. By doing only what is directed the nurses did not make it a priority to express caring behaviors. A caring behavior can be a nurse massaging to a patient who is experiencing back pain or singing to a young client who is afraid of the dark. A nurse from “The Notebook” presented caring behavior to Allie. Allie, being in the late stages of Alzheimer’s dementia, forgot the activities that she once enjoyed. Losing the ability to perform enjoyable activities is something common for dementia patients. …show more content…
Spiritual beliefs can help provide acceptance and understanding to the different cycles of life. In the clinical setting a dying or ill patient may request a visit from a spiritual leader. Also, spiritual beliefs can affect the type of care a client receives. For example, Jehovah Witnesses do not believe in blood transfusions. If a client does not want a blood transfusion the ultimate result could be death. Additionally, a client may bring their spiritual beliefs and values into question when illness or death occurs. Overall, a nurse in a clinical setting should recognize their client’s beliefs and values to clearly understand the clients and their family’s healthcare decisions. The nursing practice always use conceptual/theoretical frameworks during a clinical setting. As a nurse, when a client comes to seek care the nurse usually is the one to gather all the information for the physician. The nurse provides a health assessment. The assessment gathers all the data; both subjective and objective, to come up with a theoretical framework. For example, a patient comes to the emergency room with complaints of stomach pain. The patient has a high temperature and a high white blood cell count. The nurse theorizes that the client has an infection based on the framework of
As a contemporary nurse theorist, she was trying to integrate her dominant discourse with another parallel of her time- Martha Rogers. Her action is a brave attempt to create a meta-paradigm for nursing- a Unitary Science. Watson acknowledges the argument of Paley (2001) that the caring is an elusive concept but points out that it is elusive because of its diversity. She borrowed Heidegger and Husserl’s words to criticize Paley’s attempt to reach the tautological conclusion about the caring concept in nursing and urged him to understand caring as a tool rather than something to be observed. When she suggested that the elusiveness of the caring concept paradoxically motivates nurses to chase it; it resonated with many nursing theorists. Even though I am not sure about how Paley responded to Watson’s argument, many nursing theorists took the word of Watson and used caring as a tool in their conceptual framework including Kristen Swanson in her caring theory and succeeded in their
Watson first published her theory of caring in 1979 in a book titled, Nursing: Human Science and Caring. Watson and other researchers have built upon this theory and caring theory should continually be evolving as the delivery of patient care evolves. This theory focuses on care between the nurse and the patient. This interaction is defined as setting mutual tasks, how a spiritual force may help the interaction and when caring in the moment of true healing may occur. When the nurse and patient are on the same level spiritually self-awareness and self-discovery occur. There are ten themes identified in this article essential to caring in
182), having only been completely codified in 1979, revised in 1985 (Watson, 1988), and expanded and advanced lately (Watson, 2005, 2008). Watson states that she was motivated to develop her model of human caring because of a deep concern for preserving humanity today and to rediscover the human spirit. She expresses a commitment of moving nursing away from the limitations of the philosophy of positivism or a system that hold every rationally defensible assertion can be scientifically justified or is capable of logical or mathematical proof, and that therefore rejects metaphysics and faith. The central focus of Watson’s conceptual nursing model is human care. Human care, as conceived by Watson, is an intersubjective process and an epistemic effort that include human-to-human interaction. Watson has always been explicit in describing the human as a holistic, interactive being possessing energy field experiencing health and illness as characteristics of human pattern (Watson,
Through time, there has always been a question on the idea of another supernatural being, a greater power, or a God. People have grown up and been taught certain beliefs, and some have developed their own beliefs based on this idea of a higher power. There are then those who don’t believe in any such thing; they believe in the facts presented to them. As a whole, the specifics of this idea vary, and as a nurse, understanding of this must be achieved to successfully care for a patient. Hospitals are already known to have a depressing effect on patients, then added onto that are patients who are suffering from acute or terminal illnesses. Their pain in many ways, gets passed on to the nurses who have gotten close with them through the care, with the nurses then trying to reciprocate with comfort and support. Hospitals were developed from religion, emerging from the idea of helping those in need. Through time, hospitals modernized into what is seen today, but specialty areas have still kept the purpose for an improved quality of life then for a cure. These include hospice and palliative care facilities, which are known to support a positive outlook of life during difficult times. It can then be argued that patients turn to the idea of a “higher power” as support, strength, or a peace of mind, when facing the end of their life. This argument can be supported by the behaviors and ideas seen from various religious readings, and studies of hospice and palliative care nurses. Those involved in end of life care turn to “a greater power” for a sense of peace during their lowest, and hardest of times, similar to those in religious texts.
Watson, J. (1985). Nursing: Human Science and Human. Norwalk; CT: Appleton – Century – Crofts.
Introduction Faith Community Nursing is a specialized practice of professional nursing that focuses on the intentional care of the spirit as well as on the promotion of holistic health and prevention or minimization of illness within the context of a faith community” (ANA, 2012, as cited in Breisch, Hurley, & Moore, 2013 p. 12). When you think about faith community nursing, the term “wholistic” probably comes to mind. This is not to say that other nursing disciplines do not incorporate holistic care into practice, however, spiritualism can easily be neglected due to sensitivity, barriers, or clear differences between the nurse and patient beliefs. There are four key components of faith community nursing which include spirituality, professionalism, holistic health, and community. With faith community nursing there are no barriers when it comes to spiritualism, because the congregator and nurse often share common beliefs, therefore nursing skills along with spiritual support can be incorporated into care.
Nursing theories are actions care that a nurse provides to a patient to prevent a sickness, maintain and promote health. Many of the theorists contribute to a frame work or a blueprint of how nurses should provide care to patients. Many these theories are part of nursing care and most of them they go hand in hand. Nursing theory aims to describe, predict and explain the phenomenon of nursing (Chinn and Jacobs1978).Nursing is apprehensive with laws and principles governing the life processes and functioning of sick or well human beings. Nursing theories are beneficial in understanding the knowledge of nursing and its application (Smith and Liehr, 2008).
One must have the full desire to help and care for people in order to have an enjoyable career as a nurse. Nurses are known for the care and compassion shown to the patients and this is comforting for both patients and their families. Caring for a patient can raise their spirits and can inspire a better outlook on their situation. As a nurse, I want to care for all my patients with the hope of improving their health and outlook on their life. I chose Jean Watson because she understands that caring is the core of nursing and believes caring promotes a better health than only performing medical care. She was the first grand theorist that focused on the aspect of caring for the patient while also caring for yourself as the nurse. Watson’s theory
The best way to look at nursing theories is like the foundational block. Nursing theories are important set the tone of how a nurse will practice. A nurse will use intuition, practice, past expertise and events, and couple with learned theories to work every day in order to give the best patient care. it is all the more important to appreciate what first advanced nursing beyond mechanisms of practice to becoming a knowledge-based force in healthcare: That force is nursing theory and the theoretical thinking and research that generate theory. The complexity and depth of nursing are reflected in its structure of knowledge, which includes discipline-specific components such as philosophies, theories, and research and practice methodologies”( Reed, 2006). Patient care is a wide topic, but a key role in a patient’s care is the patient themselves, an educated patient is vital to their well being and higher level of care.
In healthcare organizations, medical staff must conform to their hospital and their country’s code of conduct. Not only do they have to meet set standards, they must also take their patient into consideration. When making a decision upon a patient, medical staff must recognize religious backgrounds and spiritual beliefs. By understanding a patients’ beliefs and their belief system, a medical worker can give the patient their deserved medical assistance without overstepping boundaries or coming off as offensive. The practices and beliefs of four religions will be articulated throughout this essay to fully understand how religion can either help or hinder the healing process.
Nursing theory can be applied to resolve nursing problems or issues, irrespective of the field of practice. A nursing theory benefits nurses and the patients that are in his or her charge. . Depending on the issue or problem that is needed to be solved determines what theory needs to be used. Nursing theory started with Florence Nightingale. She believed that a clean environment would promote better health. Virginia Henderson’s need theory emphasizes the need to ensure that the patient’s independence is being increased while in a health care facility. Ensuring that a patient can increase his or her independence allows for them to experience better outcomes upon discharge home. This is just two examples of nursing theories that were used
Religion is a significant aspect of culture that must be understood and respected. Through understanding the differences in peoples cultures, a nurse who is tending to a patient who’s beliefs differ from his or her own can appropriately adjust care to respect the patient’s beliefs and
Watson, J. (2008). Nursing. The philosophy and science of caring. New Revised Edition. Boulder, Co: University Press of Colorado.
...locking out the idea. Spirituality also assists in fostering a healthy patient. Many individuals believe in a higher power and therefore we as nurses should encourage that connection when we see it being made. Spiritual connections are a way to give the patient an outlet. They are able to express themselves and rely on something other than physical care and diagnoses. They are about to look to this higher being for encouragement, peace, and healing.
Nurses are faced with ethical dilemmas in their practices often. Respecting a patient’s belief or choice, whether we think it is right or wrong, is a must. Jehovah Witness (JW) patients refuse blood transfusions and their life can be in danger, but that is their right to choose and nurses must respect that. Patients decide not to have a lifesaving surgery or chemotherapy, which is their personal decisions. We, as nurses, can educate and inform, but eventually it is the patient’s right to refuse or accept treatment. This writer feels that when good morals and character are in place, the best possible ethical decisions can be made. These decisions are not necessarily right or wrong, but the best choices for the patient and their care based on the patient’s right to