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Underage drinking case study
Causes and effects on teenage driving
Underage drinking cause and effect
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Solutions to the Underage Drinking Problem
As more and more innocent lives are taken by accidents involving alcohol, it's no wonder why the drinking age is enforced. Consumption of alcohol doesn't just pertain to drinking and driving but is also involved in teen deaths such as suicide, homicide, and other accidents including drowning. Last year, 224 Texans under the age of 21 died in traffic accidents caused by drunken drivers. How well is it being enforced though? A Gallup Youth Survey taken in May of 2001, found that 51% of teens between the ages of 13-17 said it is pretty easy to get alcohol. They are able to get it from their parents, a person who is of legal age, using a fake ID, or successfully stealing it. Underage drinking has become a serious problem in the United States. Texans under the age of 21 are not just dying in traffic fatalities, but they are also dying from alcohol poisoning. Teens are not drinking socially; they're drinking to get drunk. And they're hurting themselves.
I think that the only way to fix the problem is to make th...
There has always been controversy as to whether the drinking age should be lower from 21 to a younger age, like 18. Though there are drawbacks to lowering the drinking age such as, one It may cost for use of illicit drugs. two Its easier to access other drugs, and alcohol. tree it may decrease unsafe drinking activity’s. The benefits would be that it would one get rid of feelings increasing , two people should have freedom of choice and tree, it is wrong to drink at such a young age.
There has been an ongoing controversy in the United States on whether the drinking age should be lowered to eighteen like most of the world or if it should stay at twenty-one. Underage drinking has been a major controversial issue for years, yet why is it not under control? Teenagers are continuing to buy alcohol with fake identification cards, drink, get into bars, and drink illegally. As a teen I have proof that these things are going on not only in college but in high school as well. There are a lot of factors that come together to why the drinking age should be lowered to eighteen; the most obvious reason is too many people are drinking before they are twenty-one. Liquor stores, bars, and clubs all want to make money and if they can get away with selling to underage teens then they will. A study done by the Academic Search Premier agrees that, ?By now it is obvious that the law has not succeeded in preventing the under-21 group from drinking? (Michael Smith 1).
It really is no secret that if the minimum legal drinking age were lowered, a large number of teens would then drink for perhaps the first time. “The age group with the most drivers involved in fatal crashes with Blood Alcohol Content levels of .08 or higher during 2011 was the twenty-one to twenty-four-year-olds” (“National Highway Traffic Facts”). Young adults are just as irresponsible at eighteen as they are at twenty-one, maybe even more irresponsible. The teenagers will indulge themselves on what they feel is a luxury the first chance they get. The young adults abuse the alcohol, and then go driving because even at twenty-one through twenty-four they are still not as responsible. If the age is lowered to eighteen, many eighteen-year-olds will go out and drink alcohol for the first time. The age group may rise to number one in fatal crashes. The National Highway Traff...
In the world of software development, there are at least five risk management methodologies. Boehm’s Software Risk Management model focuses on the concept of “risk exposure” as defined by the relationship where the probability of an unsatisfactory outcome and the loss due to the unsatisfactory outcome determine the valence of the risk event. The method developed by Boehm is the original Risk Management
During this research only three methodologies wiz Rational Unified Process (RUP), Rapid Application Development (RAD) and Extreme Programming (XP) are considered. The paper is divided into 6 sections. Section 2 & section 3 describe about the basics software development methodologies (RUP, XP, RAD) and Fuzzy Logic respectively. In section 4, our proposed approach is discussed while section 5 concludes the
...anges which occurred over a period of time and why these changes occurred but who was responsible for them. Archaeological findings are essential especially when there is a lack of written primary sources. The most common findings in this field include; cave art, pottery, and weaponry used for both hunting and fighting. In later cases of archaeological excavations written evidence was well provided and artifacts recovered at the site were used as an aid in studying a particular culture. Moreover, it is quite obvious that all of the following elements pertaining to archaeology have positively contributed to our further understanding of human culture in previous centuries. Discoveries by archeologists not only give us significant insight into our past but they also give us essential information necessary for a comprehensive understanding of our present and our future.
Knight (1990) noted “The integration of software quality assurance, safety analysis, and independent verification and validation as well as independent testing activities, will greatly enhance the safety, reliability, and maintainability of such life-critical systems.”
As a result of underage drinking, 5,000 adolescents under the age of 21 die annually due to intoxication (taking motor vehicle crashes, homicides, suicides, and other injuries while intoxicated into consideration) (paragraph 2). Later in life, underage drinkers are more likely to develop alcoholism, poor performance in school, and risky sexual behavior (paragraph 43). Although this research is not opposed to my argument, there is an importance to acknowledging it as proof of dangerous, underage drinking occurring significantly regardless of whether it is illegal. More importantly, this research stems from adolescents drinking without the supervision of adults and in uncontrolled quantities. Since adolescents must wait a long period of time to drink legally, I believe they fear they must take advantage of drinking opportunities by excess drinking and risk of safety due to their restriction to alcohol. Based on this mindset, I believe exposure to alcohol at a younger age in controlled environments would not only decrease underage drinking in large quantities, but injury and death related to intoxication, as
System reliability is of the utmost importance. Functionality is important. However, if the system is not reliable functionality will become a secondary concern. Reliability issues that arise in both hardware and software can have far-reaching implications. System reliability issues mirror some environmental issues (Neumann, 2006):
Software quality is overused and vague in software engineering. It comprises all stakeholder needs and perspectives connecting to the software to be delivered. I.e., the degree to which software meets agreed functional and non-functional requirements such as performance, consistency, usability, reliability among others which are subjective to different users. To overcome this ambiguity, software quality measurement techniques expressed in terms of metrics are used. This
meaning is the development of computer-based systems, for critical applications. This is not a solved problem. Failuresin software development have played a large part in many areas and in huge financial losses. Some of these failures have been caused to due to
Undoubtedly, systems are not build based on failure, but this does not mean failure cannot happen. Due to perfect technological assumptions that the system will be working in a perfect manner most analyst don’t take this seriously during the initial stages of system analysis. However, pretending that technology is perfect is not a good idea, eventualities need to be handled in the best way possible, such as requesting a user periodically to a backup data.
Software testing is a critical element of software quality assurance which represents the ultimate review of the specification design and coding. It includes verification of the basic logic of every program and the entire system works properly. Testing individual program involves and attempts to be sure that most likely part properly. Programmer facilities testing by coding as clearly as possible. Test case design is done a set of techniques for the creation of cases that meet overall testing objectives.
Study of Literature for related work is the most important step in software development process. Before designing and developing the tool it is necessary to determine the time factor, the economy and company strength. Considering the importance of software reliability in software engineering, its prediction becomes a very fundamental issue. Machine learning and soft computing techniques have been leading the statistical techniques in last two decades as far as their applications to software engineering are concerned. The most recent research work carried out for predicting software reliability was Hybrid intelligent systems for predicting software reliability [1] Mohanty et al. (2013). The author has employed recurring architecture for Genetic Programming and Group Method of Data Handling (GMDH) and also collaborative models involving GP, GMDH as constituents and GP, GMDH, BPNN and Average as arbitrators in predicting software reliability. Another state-of-the-art review [2] Mohanty et al. (2010) validates the affirmation. The techniques that were employed by the authors were machin...
Reliable, efficient, trustworthy and economically sound systems must be produced by software engineers. If good software engineering practices are not followed, this could lead to higher costs for testing the software, quality assurance (meeting standards) and long term maintenance.