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Slavery in america by the late 1800s
Slavery in america by the late 1800s
The developemt of slavery in america
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Slavery began when the Dutch introduced the first captured Africans and brought them to America, slowly creating a slavery system that evolved into a nightmare of abuse and cruelty that would create split between the nation.
In 1619, when the slaves were brought to America in a “human cargo” the colonists had no model for slavery, so the Africans were put as indentured servants with the poor Europeans. And as an indentured servant, they would earn land and freedom in exchange for seven years of hard labor. And as they were indentured servants, the colonist prospered and were reluctant to lose their labors so many africans as indentured servants never got their promise of freedom and land. Because exports grew more profitable for the colonists,
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Africans became workers with no rights. Which created slavery and became legalized in 1641, because the Africans labor were more valuable than being known as humans. So slavery began to spread within the colonies. And slaves were to be owned as property. As in the early 17th and 18th century African American slaves helped build the economic foundation of the new nation. An estimation of six to seven million slaves imported to America during the 18th century alone. Depriving the African continent by taking the healthiest and ablest men and women that were Africans to American use, as property. Many of these Africans were enslaved as a child, and many were taken away from their families. As the institution of slavery was developing and continuing to support the economic system. The more money the white elite made, the more it was in their interest to make a slave system work out in their colony. The slaves wanted freedom, and didn’t agree with the idea of being owned as property.
And as many as slaves runaway, the one that were caught would face cruel punishments. But during this time Americans, the new colonists, were facing a challenge of gaining their independence from Britain, which caused a Revolutionary War in 1775. And this war also allowed African Americans to fight on the American side, with hope that they may gain their own freedom by fighting for the independance of America. And as the war ended in 1783, so did many colonies in the northern states abolish slavery. As the nation gathered together to create the Declaration of Independence, nothing in the constitution said anything about freeing the slaves. But creating the three-fifths compromise as counting three-fifths of slaves as a free person as a representation in the states. The southern state had soon wanted to secede from the nation and become their own. And Abraham Lincoln as president at the time, he didn’t want the nation being divided into two. So he declares war on the south, to keep the nation as one whole. Many thought that the civil war was based on slavery, but it was to keep the nation together. But many of the African americans fought on the northern side, because slavery was already abolished, they hoped for it to be fully abolished as a new nation fighting on the northern side. The war ends in May 9, 1865 with the northern states winning, and creating freedom to the
country. Slavery had come from a long way, they still faced many challenges with the certain rights they had. But it all came to an end to create what America is today.
In Africans In America Terrible Transformation written by PBS (Public Broadcasting Service) writes an article stating the historical background of African Americans that were captured and enslaved from Western Africa from 1450-1750. About 200,000 Africans were transported to Europe Islands in the Atlantic. But after Columbus excursion, Slave traders found a new market for slaves: New World plantations. From this, they were used for the planting crops for the Europeans that were uneducated how farm such as, rice, cotton, tobacco, and sugar in the south. It wasn’t till the American Revolution where they protest against “enslavement” from the British and demands from American “liberty” for some hope of being free from bondage . After reading
... The Economic History Review, by Behrendt, Stephen D. David Eltis, David Richardson that stated, “…second impact of Africans that goes beyond violence on slave ships followed from the natural Africans assumption of equal status in the trading relationship…came in the wake of holding Europeans…”(Source 9). The result of considering the equal status between the Africans and the Europeans from Africa’s point of view was the Atlantic slave trade which millions of African people’s live had been jeopardized and their fate had been seal to work in the fields for the rest of their lives.
Africans unlike the Irish or the Chinese did not come willingly to America, in which they were captured and brought to America by slave ships then sold as slaves. Slaves were in high demand in which having indentured servants became less valuable in which the institution of slavery was strengthened overtime after Bacon Rebellion because the planter class now fear to have white workers for fear the social order would be disrupted (Takaki, pg. 59). Slavery helped to shape the history of the United States in which this institution made possible for the formation of the American Revolutionary ideals because slaves were running the nation through the work they were doing. This gave time for the leaders to formulate and plan the revolution. It also helped to fuel early globalization and the global market, the nation economy and capitalism through the slave trade. All these things gave rise to modern industry, modern finance, modern investment, new system of banking, in which it helped to give rise to the creation of wage laborers, in which this helped to finance the Industrial Revolution. With the rise of the cotton production, slaves became more valuable, in which cotton accelerates the value of slaves. Although slaves were an important source of labor for the Market Revolution, Industrial Revolution, and
Another Agreement that was reach is the Three-fifths Compromise, of which made 5 slaves count as three free persons, though slaves were not permitted to vote. The issue of Slavery would later result in the American Civil War and the abolishment of slavery.
During American colonization, the economy of the south became predominantly dependent on the tobacco plant. As the south continued to develop, they shifted their focus to cotton. Indentured servants as well as African slaves were used for these labor-intensive crops because their labor was decent and cheap (Shi and Tindall 39). Young British men were promised a life of freedom in America if they agreed to an exchange between a free voyage and labor for a fixed number of years. Many willing, able-bodied, and young men signed up with the hopes of establishing a bright future for themselves in America. Unbeknownst to them, indentured servitude was not as easy as it was made out to be. Many servants endured far worse experiences than they had ever imagined. The physical and emotional conditions they faced were horrible, their masters overworked them, and many had to do unprofessional work instead of work that enabled them to use their own personal skills. Young British men felt that because they faced such horrible circumstances, the exchange between a free voyage to America in exchange for servitude was not a proper trade.
I want to start with the history of slavery in America. For most African Americans, the journey America began with African ancestors that were kidnapped and forced into slavery. In America, this event was first recorded in 1619. The first documented African slaves that were brought to America were through Jamestown, Virginia. This is historically considered as the Colonial America. In Colonial America, African slaves were held as indentured servants. At this time, the African slaves were released from slavery after a certain number of years of being held in captivity. This period lasted until 1776, when history records the beginning of the Middle Passage. The Middle Passage showed the increased of African slaves were bought into America. The increase demand for slaves was because of the increased production of cotton in the south. So, plantation owners demanded more African slaves for purchas...
For most American’s especially African Americans, the abolition of slavery in 1865 was a significant point in history, but for African Americans, although slavery was abolished it gave root for a new form of slavery that showed to be equally as terrorizing for blacks. In the novel Slavery by Another Name, by Douglas Blackmon he examines the reconstruction era, which provided a form of coerced labor in a convict leasing system, where many African Americans were convicted on triumphed up charges for decades.
Since the beginning of slavery in the America, Africans have been deemed inferior to the whites whom exploited the Atlantic slave trade. Africans were exported and shipped in droves to the Americas for the sole purpose of enriching the lives of other races with slave labor. These Africans were sold like livestock and forced into a life of servitude once they became the “property” of others. As the United States expanded westward, the desire to cultivate new land increased the need for more slaves. The treatment of slaves was dependent upon the region because different crops required differing needs for cultivation. Slaves in the Cotton South, concluded traveler Frederick Law Olmsted, worked “much harder and more unremittingly” than those in the tobacco regions.1 Since the birth of America and throughout its expansion, African Americans have been fighting an uphill battle to achieve freedom and some semblance of equality. While African Americans were confronted with their inferior status during the domestic slave trade, when performing their tasks, and even after they were set free, they still made great strides in their quest for equality during the nineteenth century.
The slave trade into the United States began in 1620 with the sale of nineteen Africans to a colony called “Virginia”. These slaves were brought to America on a Dutch ship and were sold as indentured slaves. An Indentured slave is a person who has an agreement to serve for a specific amount of time and will no longer be a servant once that time has passed, they would be “free”. Some indentured slaves were not only Africans but poor or imprisoned whites from England. The price of their freedom did not come free.
Slavery was created in pre-revolutionary America at the start of the seventeenth century. By the time of the Revolution, slavery had undergone drastic changes and was nothing at all what it was like when it was started. In fact the beginning of slavery did not even start with the enslavement of African Americans. Not only did the people who were enslaved change, but the treatment of slaves and the culture that each generation lived in, changed as well.
Colonists started to import slaves from South America in hopes that they would live longer and be more manageable to control. The slaves that were imported were trained past their first year of slavery, so that they would not die as fast. The first imported slaves came to America in the early 17th century. When they received the slaves, they found out some of them were baptized, and were under the Christian religion. So they could not be treated as slaves under the religion, so they were turned into indentured servants.
In British colonial America, indentured servitude was borne from the Virginia Company out of a need for cheaper labor, and was gradually replaced by African slaves in the 17th and 18th centuries for the same reason. The growth of slavery in America was not a result of racism or intent, but of economic opportunism. Both were exploited for profit to the maximum of the free planters ability, which in the slave’s case, was much more, because there were little to no laws protecting them, and sometimes even laws targeted against them.
Slavery is a form of forced labor in which people are taken as property of others against their wishes and will. They are denied the right to leave or even receive wages. Evidence of slavery is seen from written records of ancient times from all cultures and continents. Some societies viewed it as a legal institution. In the United States, slavery was inevitable even after the end of American Revolution. Slavery in united states had its origins during the English colonization of north America in 1607 but the African slaves were sold in 1560s this was due to demand for cheap labor to exploit economic opportunities. Slaves engaged in composition of music in order to preserve the cultures they came with from Africa and for encouragement purposes..
Indentured servitude was the solution for inexpensive labor. Colonists realized that they had an abundance of land to attend to, but they didn’t have anyone to take care of it. The expense of the passage to the Colonies weighed heavy on the poor or lower class, but not the wealthy upper class. In an effort to attract laborers for working the land the Virginia Company came up with a system called indentured servitude. This system became an important aspect of the colonial economic system. Many skilled and unskilled workers were without work due to the economic decline in Europe resulting from the Thirty Years war. Indentured servitude presented many of those workers with hope for a brighter future than they would otherwise have achieved. The early immigrants who journeyed from England to the American Colonies consisted of nearly two thirds of the total amount of indentured servants. In exchange for passage, room, board, lodging and “freedom dues” they typically worked as indentured servants for 4 to 7 years. Although this life was harsh and restrictive, it wasn’t analogous to slavery.
Some of the legal basis for treating people as property were the existing slaves and their children were grandfathered in when they abolished slavery. The treatment of salves varied. Many laws were tailored just to hinder slaves from freedom, from learning how to become free, and keeping their children from being born into slavery. Slaves were bought and sold or used to secure a personal debt (Holt & Barkley, 2000). Children and wives were also treated as property. When made it difficult for other salves was when they ran away. They fought not only with their bodies but with their minds and souls as well (Troutman, 2004). They would hide in a forest or visit other relatives on other plantations. Most of the runaway slaves did this because of