Essay On Transformer

1.0 Definition of Transformer:

A Transformer is a static electric device that transfers electrical power from the primary winding to the secondary winding using electromagnetic induction. Transformers can raise or lower the voltage with conforming drop or rise in current. Transformers work on the value of mutual induction. When two coils are positioned so that the flux produced by one coil links to the other coil, then by fluctuating current in one coil the electromagnetic field is induced in the other coil. In transformers, a coil with a number of turns is wound over one branch of the laminated core, made of silicon steel. On another branch, an additional coil having a number of turns is wound. Both the coils may have a different number of turns depending upon the objective or requirement. If the output voltage is larger than the input voltage, the transformer is a step-up transformer. A transformer is a step-down transformer if the output voltage is less than the input voltage. There are generally two types of single-phase double-wound transformer constructions, the core type and the shell type. Core has a small cross section of iron; more number of turns is mandatory because the high flux may not reach the core. Core type is used for high-voltage service, since it has adequate room for insulation. Shell-type transformer has

A single phase supply connected to an A.C. power motor uses additional circuits for starting, because it will not produce a revolving magnetic field. The standard frequency of single phase power systems are usually 50 or 60 Hz. Electric railways use 16.67 Hz in special single phase traction power systems. Neckarwestheim Nuclear Power Plant, (located in Germany), is the largest single phase generator in the word, and is used to supply power for a railway system on a dedicated traction power