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How to interpretate beowulf in the modern society
Beowulf as a representation of old English society
Beowulf as a representation of old English society
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“Any relations in a social order will endure, if there is infused into them some of that spirit of human sympathy which qualifies life for immortality.”
-George William Russell
Homer defines a hero as one who acquires and maintains honor through victory in battle while embracing a highly individualistic attitude. Homer’s epic warriors were self-interested in order to preserve their honor and to acquire fame--the currency used by the hero to achieve immortality. Heroes of this archetype often show a neglectful disregard for the lives of their warriors and supporting cast. This is symptomatic of their obsession with acquiring honor over building relationships (Dunkle). But how can a hero protect his fame if he lacks compassion and loyalty to his people? After all, a hero must build relationships since one can only thrive if he is the hero for a society--a hero without an audience is not a hero. One cannot be his own hero. Besides, without relationships, who will keep the hero’s memory alive? To answer these questions, one can look to two seemingly similar heroes, Beowulf and Siegfried, who differ wildly in character and temperament. Siegfried desires to establish and preserve relationships while Beowulf is out for his own glory. Though Siegfried’s modification of the definition ultimately exposes him to betrayal, his inclination to create and sustain relationships aids in solidifying his immortality on earth post-death.
At first glance, the two characters presented in Beowulf and The Nibelungenlied share similar qualities of a hero: both Beowulf and Siegfried kill dragons, become kings, and are believed to be unbelievably strong and invincible by their followers. Because they are equipped wi...
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...o longer his own hero, but he is a hero for a society. By doing so, his followers will thirst to keep the hero’s fame alive through their memories and will celebrate the hero’s life long after his passing. Though both Beowulf and Siegfried may be regarded as heroes, Siegfried is clearly the better contender if one were to compare their fame after death. His meaningful relationships have encouraged the loyalty of others to spread his name and avenge his death; whereas, Beowulf’s lack of significant human interactions results in his followers quickly dismissing the death of their fallen hero and allowing other issues to consume them. Had Beowulf known this sooner, perhaps he would have attempted to make more friends?
Works Cited
1. Dunkle, Roger. "Homer's Iliad." AbleMedia LLC - A Knowledge Company. Web. 31 Mar. 2011. .
While fighting the Dragon Beowulf shows feats of strength and courage that define him as a hero. The classical hero displays a special quality that separates him from the rest of
In Beowulf, the essence left behind by a true hero is extremely important. In epics such as this one, leaders tend to have the determination and boldness of a hero. On the other hand, the main character, Beowulf, does not only display these certain traits. In this heroic poem, respect and trust come naturally. Honor and integrity are present throughout the poem. There are many moments in Beowulf that manifest the many traits that a person should have. This proves how important these attributes are to the characters and the Anglo-Saxon society. Although Beowulf has no known author, it embodies many of the beliefs and morals of the early Germanic society. The author of this epic poem uses many approaches in order to demonstrate that respect and trust are fundamental characteristics of a leader and hero.
The character of Beowulf stands as a hero to the ancient Danes because of his actions. He is constantly being cited as a "war-chief" and a "gold-giver" (61). Beowulf has achieved fame through what he has done with his own hands. His identity as a leader is based upon the Danish society’s emphasis on personal action, as opposed to the delegation of responsibility through conscious thought. It is this very sense which spurs Beowulf to fight the dragon: "In my youth I engaged in many wars. Old guardian of the people, I shall still seek battle, perform a deed of fame, if the evil-doer will come to me..." (59). Beowulf derives his power from a strong link to the past. Without his history of glorious deeds, he would see himself bereft of the very power which qualifies him to be a good King. Beowulf’s bravery never comes in to question, he does meet every challenge head-on, with deadly attention. The society which labels Beowulf as a legendary hero, recognizes his actions and his bravery as a integral part of his definition as a hero. Without the society to support th...
Reading through Beowulf I began to compare it to the last great epic I read, Homer’s Odyssey. While the Odyssey and Beowulf are each examples of both historic and modern ideas of heroism, the acts of Beowulf’s hero seem to fit better within its context.
In conclusion, although Beowulf possessed many heroic qualities he would not be considered a hero in today’s world. A hero varies from culture to culture. The Anglo-Saxon appreciated different things in a person that what do not we appreciate today. Many things have changed a lot with time, the requisites for being considered a hero have also changed. Today we do not like to solve problems with war. Pride and honor are not as important as the willingness one has to help others. Beowulf is not feeling that contact with people he doesn’t identify with them because he believes himself better, a part of a hero´s cycle is to be identified with the community. To be part
Throughout Greek history and mythology, the greatest heroes have been driven by the desire to gain heroic glory. For them, kleos served as a fundamental indicator of their personal value. A warrior’s worth was defined by how they were viewed and discussed by their peers. Personal glory was more important than life itself. Warriors would rather die young with renown than live a long life of little consequence. However, once they reached the underworld, many found their struggle for kleos by way of personal gain never earned them what they desired. True glory goes beyond an individual’s accomplishments and lives on after their death through their posterity as demonstrated by Agamemnon and Achilles who, upon being visited by Odysseus in the underworld, inquire after the
In Webster’s Dictionary, a hero is defined as a person noted for courageous acts or nobility of purpose, especially if this individual has risked or sacrificed his life. In the Iliad and the Odyssey, the code which administers the conduct of the Homeric heroes is a straightforward idea. The aim of every hero is to achieve honor. Throughout the Iliad and the Odyssey, different characters take on the role of a hero. Honor is essential to the Homeric heroes, so much that life would be meaningless without it. Thus, honor is more important than life itself.
The notion of personal honor is prevalent throughout the Iliad. The honor of every person in Homeric culture was important, but to the hero, his honor was paramount. He could not endure insults, and he felt that he had to protect his reputation — even unto death. The hero 's duty was to fight, and the only way he had of gaining glory and immortality was through heroic action on the battlefield; thus, he continually prepared his life for the life-and-death risks of battle. The Homeric hero believed that men had to stand together in battle; men had to respect each other; and they had to refrain from excessive cruelty. This last condition was critically important for the Homeric hero. He loathed deliberate acts of cruelty and injustice. If he were ready to kill a victim, he believed that he should do it quickly; he was not to mutilate him, as Achilles does with Hektor 's body. By following this code, a hero gained a sense of dignity and a reputation for honor that would ensure his place in the social memory of his community.
Throughout the Iliad readers are presented with various warriors: the Trojans Polydamas, Glaucus, Agenor; the Achaeans Patroclus, little Ajax, big Ajax. They and others like them model Homer’s virtues. The clearest demonstration of them comes from the Iliad’s protagonist and antagonist Achilles (the Achaean hero) and Hector (the Trojan hero). Both of these characters are immensely strong, intently determined, and at the top of their respective armies. Both these characters are more than just amazing warriors. Through their personal conflicts, they demonstrate the Homeric hero. The Homeric hero must balance supporting their community and their own self-interests. It is the struggle of the Homeric hero between their own self-interest and the interests of the community, their egoistic and altruistic desires, which makes them more than just ordinary civilians in Greek society.
The epic poem Beowulf describes the most heroic man of the Anglo-Saxon times. The hero, Beowulf, is a seemingly invincible person with all the extraordinary traits required of an Anglo Saxon hero. He is able to use his super-human physical strength and courage to put his people before himself. He encounters many monsters and horrible beasts, but he never fears the threat of death. His leadership skills are outstanding and he is even able to boast about all his achievements. Beowulf is the ultimate epic hero who risks his life countless times for glory which to him meant eternal life.
A true hero does not fear death or, but instead risks all that he is for what he believes to be right, moral, and just. Beowulf is an epic and tells the story of a legendary hero, conquering all obstacles as if he was immortal. Up until the end of Beowulf’s life he was constantly looking to be the hero. However, his humanity is exposed by his death. Heroes all share the characteristic of their willingness to die in their effort to accomplish their heroic act, thus making the act in itself heroic. Throughout the epic, Beowulf in many ways exhibited all the qualities and characteristics needed to be a true hero.
Often readers will criticize the champions of classical and medieval epics for egotism. Critics cite examples from the Odyssey, the Aeneid, and Beowulf of conceit and egocentric behavior. Odysseus, Aeneas, and Beowulf display a well-known arrogance befitting their accomplishments. The motivation for this arrogance, to complete these tasks, to perform these feats, is often over-generalized to the point of inaccuracy and confusion. One must not let such misinterpretations interrupt the humanization of these characters. Through the examination of the desires and behavior of these epic heroes, we can discover an underlying need for recognition or honor. In classical and medieval western epics, the hero’s desire to complete a given quest is fueled by their desire to gain or maintain honor or fame.
Lattimore, Richard. Introduction. The Iliad of Homer. New York: University of Chicago Press. 1961. 7–55.
Lattimore, R. (trans.) (1961) The Iliad of Homer, Chicago and London: The University of Chicago Press, reproduced in Readings book 1 (2006) A219 Exploring the Classical World, readings 1.1-6, pp. 7-62, Milton Keynes: The Open University.
Murray T.; William F; Wyatt. Homer: The Iliad, Books I-XII. Classical Library, Harvard University Press