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Women of the scientific revolution
Women of the scientific revolution
Women of the scientific revolution
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Shannon Lucid
Ever since children have dared to dream, they have always dreamt of
going to the moon or to the stars. For the millions of children who dream this,
only an infinitely small portion actually achieve this goal. In 1943 in war-
torn China, a girl was born who had this same dream. Her name was Shannon Lucid.
She was born in 1943 to a Baptist preacher, Joseph Oscar Wells and
Myrtle Wells, a nurse. At 6 months of age she and her parents were sent to a
prison camp by the Japanese. Only a year later were they safe in American arms
after they were traded for Japanese POW's. After the war they went back to
China, but in 1949 they were forced to leave when the communists took over.
They then settled in Bethany, Oklahoma.
She always had the dream that someday she would be a space explorer.
People thought her crazy for this dream though, because the United
States didn't even have a space program. After graduating from Bethany High
School in 1960 she got her pilot's license. In regard to her dream she said,
"the Baptists wouldn't let women preach, so I had to become an astronaut to get
closer to God than my father." By this time America already had a space program.
She could not believe that of the first seven Mercury astronauts, none were
females. This is just one more instance she complained of discrimination of
women in traditionally male held occupations. She experienced the same thing
when she tried unsuccessfully to become a commercial pilot. So from Œ66-'68 she
worked at Kerr-Mcgee Corp. as a chemist. This is also where she met her
husband Michael Lucid. After she was married she returned to school at the
University of Oklahoma, where she earned her B.S. in Chemistry. One interesting
occurrence after the birth of her daughter, the very next day she took a
biochemistry exam, which her instructor had expected her to make up later.
Three years later she finally had a chance to fulfill her dream by
getting into the space program. The program was now allowing women. She
"scrambled" to get her application in and was accepted as one of the first six
female astronauts. These women had to go through rigorous testing and they
proved that it doesn't take a Y chromosome to have "The Right Stuff".
Her greatest accomplishment to date is she has spent the most time in
space of any American. She spent 188 days and 65,454,841 miles in space. She
is truly a tribute to sheer will power.
During World War II American soldiers who were caught by the Japanese were sent to camps where they were kept under harsh conditions. These men were called the prisoners of war, also known as the POWs. The Japanese who were captured by the American lived a simple life. They were the Japanese internees of World War II. The POWs had more of a harsh time during World War II than the internees. While the internees did physically stay in the camps longer, the POWs had it worse mentally.
A Japanese American Tragedy Farewell to Manzanar, written by Jeanne Wakatsuki Houston, Japanese American, and James D. Houston, describes the experience of being sent to an internment camp during World War II. The evacuation of Japanese Americans started after President Roosevelt had signed the Executive Order 9066 on February 19, 1942. Along with ten thousand other Japanese Americans, the Wakatsuki was sent on a bus to Manzanar, California. There, they were placed in an internment camp, many miles from their home, with only what they could carry. The lives of the Japanese Americans in the internment were a struggle.
It is not a well known fact that around the time the Holocaust took place in Europe, another internment (less extreme) was taking place in the United States. “Betrayed by America” by Kristin Lewis gives readers an insight on what happened to Japanese-Americans in America. The article tells us about Hiroshi Shishima, Japanese-Americans internment, and what was going on during the regime. During WW2, America went into a frenzy after Japan bombed Pearl Harbor, Hawaii. Many Americans believed what was being said about Japanese-Americans even though it was proven to be false. Since the whole fiasco with Japan took place, many Japanese-Americans were forced into internment in certain parts of the United States. The reason for the internment of Japanese-Americans was due to fear & hysteria, racial
In 1937, Japan started a war against China, in search of more resources to expand its empire. In 1941, during World War II, Japan attacked America which is when the Allies (Australia, Britain etc.) then declared war on Japan. Before long the Japanese started extending their territory closer and closer to Australia and started taking surrendering troops into concentration camps where they were starved, diseased and beaten. When they were captured, one survivor reports that they were told
“Space: They Slipped the Surly Bonds of Earth to Touch the Face of God.” Time. 10 February 1986. Web. 3 September 2010. .
childhood until she was strategically married and sent to France when she was fourteen years
What were the Japanese internment camps some might ask. The camps were caused by the attack of Pearl Harbor in 1942 by Japan. President Roosevelt signed a form to send all the Japanese into internment camps.(1) All the Japanese living along the coast were moved to other states like California, Idaho, Utah, Arkansas, Colorado, Wyoming and Arizona. The camps were located away from Japan and isolated so if a spy tried to communicate, word wouldn't get out. The camps were unfair to the Japanese but the US were trying to be cautious. Many even more than 66% or 2/3 of the Japanese-Americans sent to the internment camps in April of 1942 were born in the United States and many had never been to Japan. Their only crime was that they had Japanese ancestors and they were suspected of being spies to their homeland of Japan. Japanese-American World War I veterans that served for the United States were also sent to the internment camps.(2)
They were taken to Auschwitz, out of Birkenau.... ... middle of paper ... ... Five or six of my fellow campers were stuck in my bunk during work one day and the only noise there was was one of us groaning and occasionally a poor fellow running to the toilet to vomit. “I could see that he was still breathing spasmodically.”
The Japanese internment camps started in February, around two months after the Pearl Harbor bombing, which was also the reason America decided to enter the war. People’s suspicions of Japanese led the government, passing an order to uproot 120,000 people from their homes, lives, families, everything they knew. WWII brought lots of change, although their families were being contained, many young Japanese joined the U.S. army in the fight against Germany and Japan. It’s important for people to learn and remember who the really is against. “Sure enough, 40 days later January 20, 1942, came a letter that said, greeting from the President of the United States you are now in the army, and that was my draft notice.”( Interview with Norman Saburo
Mary Ann Evans. She had to change her name to a man's name to avoid
...ng the night, continuous flashlights were shone on them to keep watch on them. The Japanese-Americans did not receive any privacy and the internment camps hardly every had medical facilities. The camps also had no court hearings, no due process, and no writs of habeas corpus. Living in these internment camps took away almost all of their rights as citizens. (Foner 870)
In December of 1920, Amelia’s life will be changed forever. Her father, Edwin Earhart, arranged for her to go on her very first plane ride with a pilot named Frank Hawks. In her book The Fun of It, Amelia wrote, “As soon as we left the ground, I knew I myself had to fly… ‘I think I’d like to learn to fly,’ I told the family casually that evening, knowing full well I’d die if I didn’t” (Family of Amelia Earhart 1).
Hazel Winifred Johnson-Brown, was born October 10, 1927 in West Chester Pennsylvania. Johnson, who was an educator and a nurse, went one to serve in the U.S. Army from 1955-1983. At a young age Johnson had aspired to become a nurse. She first applied to the Chester School of Nursing. However, was denied admission because she was African-American. Relentless in her resolve and transcending many obstacles, she instead began training at the Harlem Hospital School of Nursing in New York in 1947, graduating from this institution in 1950. Johnson then went on to practice on the medical cardiovascular ward at the Philadelphia Veterans Administration (VA) Hospital while becoming head nurse within three months. Subsequently, Johnson began coursework
would like to live out. Many of these dreams tend to be similar to a utopia, or
My biggest dream of all is to be remembered. I want to touch people in such a way that they will never forget who I am. I want them to tell their grandchildren stories about me and for them to tell their grandchildren and so on. That way, I’ll still be alive years after I actually die. However, this will be very difficult.