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Lenin's economic policies (Essay)
Lenin's economic policies (Essay)
Essay on lenin's political and economic policies
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Finance Capital, the novel takes place in the International Settlement of Shanghai after WWI, during the 1920’s. Within the international settlement a battle between the Chinese Communist Laborers, the European, the American, the Japanese, and the Chinese financial oligarchies rages for supremacy of Shanghai’s financial markets. The financial oligarchy according to Lenin, is the major owners of capital . Koya was a Japanese born Shanghai resident and was a member of the Forestry Division of the Muramatsu Steamship Company, a company (zaibatsu) of Japan. His brother Takashige (Japanese) was a manager of a factory belonging to the Far East Cotton Mills. Sanki (Japanese and Koya’s friend) started off as a banker forced to protect his corrupt boss and when fired from his job at the Joryoku Bank, he ended up working in the Trade Division of Far East Cotton Mills zaibatsu. Fang Qin-lan was the beautiful Chinese-female communist spy/ factory worker for the Far East Cotton Mills company. Qian Shi-shan is opium addicted Chinese pro-capitalism/Nationalist who believes that China must support Chinese capitalism to become world power and no longer be exploited by European imperialist powers. These characters best represented the opposing sides in Shanghai during the timeline of the novel. Their struggles gave a look into the personal experiences of the day to day workings of the every aspect of life for the residents of Shanghai.
Lenin ideas on finance capital are all throughout this book. WWI had already happened by the books timeline. China is experiencing exploitation from all sides East and West. The imperialist-European nations and imperialist-Japan are looking to China (along with other non-capitalist countries like India and Philip...
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...tion that revolt against the imperial powers . Although there are some instances of Luxemburg’s ideas of finance capital in Shanghai, the revolt only proves that her belief in the demise of capitalism is incorrect. According to Luxemburg’s model one of the results of the revolts should be the end of capitalism (a least in Shanghai), instead the Chinese capitalists use the riots as an opportunity to promote domestic product and help foster Chinese capitalism.
Works Cited
Gale Group . Financial Oligarchy . 2010. http://encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com/Financial+Oligarchy (accessed March 27, 2014).
Lenin. Imperialism, the Highest Stage of Capitalism. n.d. http://www.marxists.org/archive/lenin/works/1916/imp-hsc/ch07.htm (accessed March 27, 2014).
Riichi, Yokomitsu. Shanghai. Michigan: The Center for Japanese Studies, The University of Michigan , 2001.
Throughout the 19th century, capitalism seemed like an economic utopia for some, but on the other hand some saw it as a troublesome whirlpool that would lead to bigger problems. The development of capitalism in popular countries such as in England brought the idea that the supply and demand exchange systems could work in most trade based countries. Other countries such as Russia thought that the proletariats and bourgeoisie could not co-exist with demand for power and land, and eventually resorted to communism in the early 20th century. Although many different systems were available to the countries in need of economic change, a majority of them found the right system for their needs. And when capitalist societies began to take full swing, some classes did not benefit as well as others and this resulted in a vast amount of proletariats looking for work. Capitalists societies are for certain a win-loss system, and many people did not like the change from having there society changed to a government controlled money hungry system. On the other hand, the demand for labor brought the bourgeoisie large profits because they could pay out as much as they wanted for labor.
Moving forward from the Industrial Revolutions, the course emphasized World War I, as a truly world-redefining war. Stromberg may argue that the First World War was devastating and then arbitrarily move on to the next period in history, which was the rise of Communism and Fascism, but through the lecture we see the connection. “Communism and Fascism were the two big movements out of WWI” (6/1). As the lecture explains, World War I produced many extremist ideas, and the reason for these extremist ideas was the problems the world identified inherently from the conditions it was left in after the war. The role of communism and fascism did not end here though, its impact continued until after the Second World War and led to giving fuel to decolonization. In isolation, we may treat the two wars as having impact on each nation individually, the truth is far from that, and many nations leaned on common ideas in order to decolonize. “Class, religion and race were all forms of identity that transcended national borders, and movements of national independence drew from international movements” (6/3). The highlighted idea being “international movements. From this we understand that the big story was that imperially ruled nations wanted to decolonize and start anew as independent world. The big story, is not, as Stromberg may have us believe that each nation, in isolation, worked on
“It was not easy to live in Shanghai” (Anyi 137). This line, echoed throughout Wang Anyi 's short piece “The Destination” is the glowing heartbeat of the story. A refrain filled with both longing and sadness, it hints at the many struggles faced by thousands upon thousands trying to get by in the city of Shanghai. One of these lost souls, the protagonist, Chen Xin, was one of the many youths taken from his family and sent to live the in the countryside during the Cultural Revolution. Ten years after the fact, Chen Xin views the repercussions of the Cultural Revolution internally and externally as he processes the changes that both he, and his hometown have over-gone in the past ten years. Devastatingly, he comes to the conclusion that there is no going back to the time of his childhood, and his fond memories of Shanghai exist solely in memory. This is in large part is due to the changes brought on by the Cultural Revolution. These effects of the Cultural Revolution are a central theme to the story; with repercussions seen on a cultural level, as well as a personal one.
Gatten, Aileen. "Review: Criticism and the Genji." The Journal of the Association of Teachers of Japanese 22.1 (1988): 84. JSTOR. Web. 26 Feb. 2011.
Karl Marx 's writing of ‘The Communist Manifesto’ in 1848 has been documented by a vast number of academics as one of the most influential pieces of political texts written in the modern era. Its ideologically driven ideas formed the solid foundation of the Communist movement throughout the 20th century, offering a greater alternative for those who were rapidly becoming disillusioned and frustrated with the growing wealth and social divisions created by capitalism. A feeling not just felt in by a couple of individuals in one society, but a feeling that was spreading throughout various societies worldwide. As Toma highlights in his work, Marx felt that ‘capitalism would produce a crisis-ridden, polarized society destined to be taken over by
Fukuoka, Yasunori “Koreans in Japan: Past and Present,” Saitama University Review, vol. 31, no.1, 1996.
“Philips, Sony, and Toyota factories are popping up all over—to the self congratulatory applause of the nation’s governors and mayors, who have lured them with promises of tax abatements and new sewers, among other amenities.” (Paragraph 17) People are born into their jobs, and are doomed for their economic boats. IN other countries such as China, it has been proven that the families with the moneys are the ones with the money, are the ones with the economic power. “Many wealthy Chinese and western residents moved their money abroad and some actually left the colony. By 1971, the Cultural Revolution in China had ended in failure and conditions in Hong Kong calmed,” (Lannom) such as Gloria Lannom states, yet it took a while for Hong Kong to rebuild its economic standings because of this
...itten the full word Foreign direct investment and then in the brackets he has put the abbreviation (FDI).
The spread of Communism and its ideals significantly increased during the final stages of the Chinese Civil War which intensified after the Second World War and resulted in a victory to the Communists in October 1949. At this time, the majority of the provinces in China were led by either the GMD or the CCP. However, the civilians in the GMD-ruled cities were suffering rapid inflation, strikes, violence and riots which led to a collapse of public order. Adding to this instability, corruption was rife within the Nationalist party’s lead...
When Karl Marx wrote The Communist Manifesto, he outlined ‘the revolutionary utopia of a society marked by equalitarianism and mutual solidarity’ that he saw as an inevitability for the twentieth and twenty-first century world. Although Marx’s ideal communist environment never came into fruition his analysis of the modern bourgeois society is prophetic of globalization. Marx identifies several problems that he sees in his current social and economic climate, the likes of which are extremely prevalent today. Thus, it can be said that The Communist Manifesto was a prophecy of globalization, a claim that is supported by splitting Marx’s foresight into two key aspects; that the bourgeois desire to progress is like that of the current middle and upper class, and that there is
Shirane Haruo. et al. Early Modern Japanese Literature: An Anthology 1600-1900. New York: Colombia University Press, 2002. Print.
...frastructure and factories that heralded the onset of modern capitalism. The only other source with the resources available to commit to this type of investment would have been the state, which would not necessarily have seen the need to invest in this manner when they already had possession of large quantities of wealth.
The political philosopher believed that communism could only thrive in a society distressed by “the political and economic circumstances created by a fully developed capitalism”. With industry and capitalism growing, a working class develops and begins to be exploited. According to Marx, the exploiting class essentially is at fault for their demise, and the exploited class eventually comes to power through the failure of capitalism.... ... middle of paper ...
Karl Marx, in the Capital, developed his critique of capitalism by analyzing its characteristics and its development throughout history. The critique contains Marx’s most developed economic analysis and philosophical insight. Although it was written in 1850s, its values still serve an important purpose in the globalized world and maintains extremely relevant in the twenty-first century.
The capitalist is motivated by being rewarded wealth. Capital can only multiply by giving itself in return of labor power. This exchange is based on specified percentages. For example, after a long 12 hours of weaving the worker is only compensated two shillings. They attain residual wealth by taking advantage of workers. These workers are being compensated less than the value of their work. The workers endure great deals of exploitation. Workers put their labor power into effect to acquire means of survival which makes existence possible. The amount of commodities is based on the cost of life and the workers’ work ethic. Marx foreseen that class conflict between the bourgeoisie and proletariat would result in the collapsing of capitalism. The motivations of the capitalist and the workers create conflict because the capitalist attempt to uphold capitalism by advocating their principles, beliefs, and fabricated perceptions that prevent proletariats from rebelling. Once the two classes conflict with one another the cla...