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Gender roles in shakespearean comedies
Shakespeare's thoughts about gender roles in his plays
Shakespeare's thoughts about gender roles in his plays
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Shakespeare’s Interpretation of Men in Taming of the Shrew Evidently Shakespeare was writing at a time in which men dominated society and patriarchal ideology was very much demonstrated as women had very few rights and opportunities in life compared to those of men. Fully represented within Shakespeare’s ‘Taming of the Shrew’, the character ‘Petruchio’ portrays this dominance of males and the way in which they were able to abuse and humiliate women. Thus I believe that in this play, women are used as a symbol of male power, or lack of it. Shakespeare frequently expresses male supremacy concerned with different themes: love, marriage, wealth and hierarchy. In this essay I will assess the different interpretations of the male characters in ‘Taming of the shrew’ and how they represent the themes that I have mentioned above. Verbally dextrous, Petruchio states clearly that he wishes to “Haply wive and thrive as best as I may”. Represented to be conceited and egotistical, his arrogance is reflected by his belief that he isn’t concerned with love and believes that he has the power to win over Kate, “Why that is nothing”. Further emphasizing this Petruchio sees women as a possession and money as a prerequisite for marriage, “I will be master of what is mine”. Insulting Kate, he also lists her alongside his animals, “My horse, my ox, my ass, my any thing”. This demonstrates that Shakespeare interpreted dominant men to disrespect their wives and disregard their feelings as their only concern was their wealth and prominence within society. Stated as “Nothing less but psychological rape”, Shakespeare uses Petruchio to assert his dominance ... ... middle of paper ... ... of women: physically weak, suppressed and trivial in comparison. Palpably, in Shakespearian times marriage was viewed as a way in which men could acquire more wealth and raise their social stance at the expense of women, the only exception to this is Lucentio who desired to marry for love. Petruchio is presented to be the male extreme of dominance as his use of psychological rape, sexual innuendo and battle of wits, suggest that he has one aim in life: to raise his significance within society and obtain substantial wealth. This type of character would not be surprising to a Shakespearian audience as it is viewed in modern days as men in general were associated with command, control and superiority whilst women were expected to conform to the instructions of their husbands and remain an anonymous stance in society.
Over the course of time, the roles of men and women have changed dramatically. As women have increasingly gained more social recognition, they have also earned more significant roles in society. This change is clearly reflected in many works of literature, one of the most representative of which is Plautus's 191 B.C. drama Pseudolus, in which we meet the prostitute Phoenicium. Although the motivation behind nearly every action in the play, she is glimpsed only briefly, never speaks directly, and earns little respect from the male characters surrounding her, a situation that roughly parallels a woman's role in Roman society of that period. Women of the time, in other words, were to be seen and not heard. Their sole purpose was to please or to benefit men. As time passed, though, women earned more responsibility, allowing them to become stronger and hold more influence. The women who inspired Lope de Vega's early seventeenth-century drama Fuente Ovejuna, for instance, rose up against not only the male officials of their tiny village, but the cruel (male) dictator busy oppressing so much of Spain as a whole. The roles women play in literature have evolved correspondingly, and, by comparing The Epic of Gilgamesh, Sir Gawain and the Green Knight, and The Wife of Bath's Prologue, we can see that fictional women have just as increasingly as their real-word counterparts used gender differences as weapons against men.
Throughout the plays, the reader can visualize how men dismiss women as trivial and treat them like property, even though the lifestyles they are living in are very much in contrast. The playwrights, each in their own way, are addressing the issues that have negatively impacted the identity of women in society.
In William Shakespeare’s play The Taming of the Shrew, Petruchio acts as a master tamer by depriving Katherine of her necessities, being a mirror image of her, and making her agree with him. Petruchio displays the qualities of a master tamer by making her agree with all of his opinions. Acting as a mirror image, Petruchio proves he holds the role of a master tamer and will do whatever he wants. In order to be a master tamer to Katherine, Petruchio deprives her of all her basic needs and necessities.
Sexism is an ever changing concept in today’s world. Every day the concept morphs a little bit, changing the entire definition of what is sexist and what is not. In The Taming of the Shrew by Shakespeare, the male characters lie to and abuse their women in order to have the women marry them. Lucentio come to Padua to study, but when he sees a beautiful girl, he pretends to be a teacher in order to marry Bianca. Petruchio on the other hand forces a woman to marry him and then trains her to follow his every command. Although the The Taming of the Shrew is frequently regarded as a particularly sexist play, it is not sexist and demeaning towards women.
In The Taming of the Shrew, the concept of love is a means of emotional manipulation, and manipulation is nothing more than a means of control between men and women. William Shakespeare critiques the patriarchal social structure by ironically employing the manipulative stance Petruchio takes towards winning Katherine as his wife by charming her with words and manipulating her psychologically, and then taming her after their marriage through legal, physical, financial, and psychological control and manipulation. Though Petruchio may think he yields power over his wife, Katherine uses obedience as a tool of manipulation and has the control of the household, as can be seen by her ironic speech at the end of the play, where she claims women must serve their men. Shakespeare uses the irony of a man using manipulation as a tool for control to magnify the significance of the power women yield through manipulation, thus proving that men and women engage in a power-shifting struggle.
Over the past 400 or so years since Shakespeare wrote _The Taming of the Shrew_, many writers, painters, musicians and directors have adapted and reformed this play of control and subjugation into timeless pieces of art. In _10 Things I Hate About You_ and Kiss Me Kate from two very different times in the twentieth century, and paintings of Katherina and Bianca from the late nineteenth century, the creators of these adaptations have chosen to focus on the role of the two main female characters in the play. The ideas surrounding these women have changed through the years, from Katherina and Bianca simply being young women who deviated from the norm of Shakespeare’s time to women who embody feminist ideals and stereotypes of the more modern world.
from the title that a ‘shrew’ is going to be tamed, i.e. it will be
The portrayal of gender roles in William Shakespeare’s play Othello, demonstrates the inferior treatment of women and the certain stereotypes of men placed on them by society. Both the male and female characters in the play have these certain gender expectations placed on them. In a society dominated by men, it is understood that the women are to be seen rather than heard. The women are referred to and treated much like property. If indeed they do speak up, they are quickly silenced. One woman’s attempt to be the perfect wife is what ultimately led to her demise. The expectations of men are equally stereotypical. Men are to be leaders and to be in control and dominant especially over the women. The male characters compete for position and use the female characters in the play as leverage to manipulate each other. Shakespeare provides insight in understanding the outcomes of the men and women who are faced with the pressures of trying to live up to society’s expectations, not only in the workplace, but also in the home. The pressure creates jealousy issues amongst the men and they become blind to the voice of reason and are overtaken by jealous rage, leads to the death of many of the characters.
During the Elizabethan era women had a status of subordination towards men. They had a role to marry and oblige to their husband’s wishes. Shakespearean literature, especially illustrates how a woman is psychologically and physically lesser to their male counterpart. The play, Othello, uses that aspect in many different ways. From a Feminist lens others are able to vividly examine how women were subjected to blatant inferiority. Being displayed as tools for men to abuse, women were characterized as possessions and submissive; only during the last portion of the play did the power of women take heed.
Battle of the Sexes would have been another appropriate title for this play because the entire play is women verses men, men verses women. This battle of the sexes shows no boundaries between the rich and poor, young or old, man or women. The basis of all the rivalry stems from the fact that the men in this play look at the women as if they were objects, instead of human beings with feelings. This theory that women are merely objects creates an environment that the women have to adapt to and survive in and the environment of a person will depict what he or she will become, resulting in a battle between the sexes.
Women are not always the affectionate, compassionate, and nurturing people that humanly instincts make them out to be. On the contrary, they are sometimes more ruthless and savage than their male counterparts. A good example of this idea is in William Shakespeare’s Macbeth. Through the use of various feminine roles throughout the play, Shakespeare manages to portray how dramatically important the witches are, along with how imminent greed and power can eventually grasp hold of Lady Macbeth’s morals, and thrust her into a state of emotional stupor.
Men have so much control in this society and Shakespeare has a little bit of a change in the women in his play.
Throughout the Taming of the Shrew, the idea, and action of deception become prevalent within the analysis of the main characters. A maze is created through the deception of the character’s behavior and the elaborate exchange of clothing and roles. The plot of the play revolves around how the characters disguise themselves and pretend to be other people, all in order to gain the favor of a girl. Shakespeare uses deception and blindness to fuel an environment of humor and dramatic irony to create a comedic play for his audiences.
with as he saw fit. This is shown in “The Taming of the Shrew” when
This fact plays a crucial role in the mood of the play. If the reader understands history, they also understand that women did not really amount to any importance, they were perceived more as property.