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In the “Wife of Bath’s Prologue” and Margery Kempe women are empowered to make decisions regarding their own sexuality. This deviates from the gender constructs of the time period by allowing these women to dictate the course of their own lives: the Wife of Bath chooses to use her sexuality to acquire money and possessions, while Margery Kempe dedicates her sexuality to her spiritual beliefs. By working strategically to gain sexual independence both women move beyond the generally accepted position of a women at the time. The “Wife of Bath’s Prologue” shows that Alisoun was empowered by the ability use her sexuality. As she introduces her tale, Alisoun makes it clear that she sees marriage as a way to gain money and status, “Of fyve husbondes …show more content…
Grant me that you shall not come to my bed, and I grant you to requite your debts before I go to Jerusalem” (428, Kempe). Although this is vastly different than the tactics employed by Alisoun, Margery gains the same independence: by agreeing to this bargain, Margery’s husband gives her power over her sexuality. This empowerment allows her to fulfil her spiritual desire by giving her body to God who tells her, “take me boldly, when you are in your bed, take me as your wedded husband, as your most worthy darling, and as your sweet son” (431, …show more content…
When the Lord speaks to Margery he says “and you shall fare well, daughter, in spite of all your enemies. The more envy they have for you because of my grace, the better shall I love you” (428, Kempe). As she travels Margery becomes closer to God through her sexuality and her experiences. “And when they came upon the Mount of Calvary, she fell down so that she might not stand or kneel but walloed and twisted with her body, spreading her arms abroad, and cried with a loud voice as though her heart should have burst asunder” (429, Kempe). In this way, Margary’s power over her body gave her independence and new life meaning. Her connection with God was established through her chastity, and this allowed her to live a the life she choose, untethered by the opinions of those around her. By negotiating her own sexual independence Margary moved beyond what was expected of her as a woman and as a wife and centered her life around what mattered most to her,
God help me so, I was to him as kind. As any wife from Denmark unto India.(819-820, 828-830). Therefore, according to the "Wife of Bath's Prologue," economic power over their husbands is what women wished to have. However, later, in her "Tale" the Wife of Bath presents another opinion - women wish to have emotional power over their husbands as well. The fact that the hag is able to decide for herself whether to turn into a beautiful wife or to remain in her present state, manifests her power over the husband.
Mary Rowlandson was a daughter, wife and mother. It is said that she was of English descent and was born to an affluent father. After immigration from England, she settled in Massachusetts (Toulouse, 2011). When her father passed on, she met and got married to Joseph Rowlandson. Both Mary and her husband were devout Christians, and in the year 1660 their faith went higher as Joseph rose to become a Puritan minister. During the course of her marriage, Mary bore four children, but unfortunately, one of them passed on when she was still an infant. Even before she is taken captive, her role as a mother to her children is well exposed. When she was in captivity, she is shown to care deeply for her smallest daughter, Sarah, until her demise. Sarah succumbs to injuries she had sustained during her capture. She narrates the depths she went into to nurse Sarah back to health with no success. Her account reveals that even when Sarah died, in her distress, Mary lay down with her. As difficult as her circumstances were in captivity, Mary did not abandon her responsibilities as a mother, but is seen to struggle even harder to continue playing her role. After her release, this does not change. She continues to raise her children, eve...
It is first important to understand the background of both The Wife of Bath and Margery Kempe’s stories. The Wife of Bath was a character created by Geoffrey Chaucer who is radically different from the nonfictional character of Margery Kempe. The Wife of Bat...
Leicester, Jr., H. Marshall. "Public and Private Feminism in the Wife of Bath's Tale." Women's Studies 11.1-2 (1985): 157-78.
She physically expresses the extreme emotions she feels because she is unable to contain her spiritual fervor. One of the key examples of this physical outpouring is Margery’s weeping which is her most common form of religious expression. As previously mentioned she also experiences vivid visions that sometimes involve hearing heavenly music, feelings of warmth and pleasure, and smelling divine scents. One such vision is when Margery experiences embracing and marrying Jesus. The physicality of all of this serves to make Margery’s more abstract experiences very concrete and to also justify how her physical experiences are therefore also
Additionally, Wife of Bath’s idea and desire is for all women to achieve sovereignty which doesn’t necessarily mean that it won’t favor men. As you can see, the Wife acts as a feminist here. Although, Alison wants to have the power in the relationship, she b...
Regularly characterized as monsters, women were ridiculed for being sexually unappeasable, lustful, and shrewish, and they were regarded with condescension by the church authorities. Similarly, people in the medieval era regarded multiple marriages as highly questionable, and it is for this reason that the Wife of Bath carefully examines the words of God as revealed in scripture (revealing her to be more than a simple-minded woman: a knowledge of religious texts proves she is definitely educated and well-read). She confesses that nowhere can she find a stricture against her having more than one marriage, and her five husbands are therefore her choice and hers only. “He seith to be wedded is no synne:/ Bet is to be wedded than to brynne”, she remarks humorously, drawing on the fact that by God’s permission, finding a partner through marriage is a pastime with little consequences, for it is better than engaging in sin and burning for it (50-53. 301). This begins her analysis of the bible and the often “sinful” breakdown of a sexual relationship between man and woman, and introduces her repetitive idea of the
For example, in Chapter Fifteen, Margery approaches the Bishop of Lincoln in order to ask permission to wear a ring, due to her marriage with Christ, and to be permitted to wear white, but within her request, she makes it clear that, “‘And, if you clothe me on earth, our Lord Jesus Christ shall clothe you in heaven, as I understand by revelation’” (26). Therefore, Margery is rewarding the Bishop, through Christ, if he grants her permission to wear the white clothing and ring. She acts like she has the Bishop’s best interest at heart, but ultimately, she is putting on a spiritual performance by namedropping Christ in order to fulfill her wants. She cloaks it all in spirituality. Likewise, Tolhurst concludes that Margery also uses her “…intimate relationship with God…” as a way to prove that, spiritually, she is ranked higher (188). Therefore, by making this claim, the visionary is able to convince the clergy that if they help her, God will indeed help them in
The image of the woman in the Wife of Bath’s Prologue is depicted by Chaucer to be “barley wheat” in a town and civilization lusting for whole white wheat or virginity (Chaucer 1711). The woman has married many men and in doing so forgotten the true value of the Christian faith and now believes worldly influence can overpower the scriptures of the Bible, “can you show in plain words that Almighty God forbade us marriage? Or where did he command virginity?” (Chaucer 1709). Jackie Shead analyzes the prologue and states, “it begins by manipulating authoritative texts--a pre-emptive strike to justify the Wife's marital history and her single-minded pursuit of self-gratification” (Shead). The possibility of the Wife of B...
In The Wife of Bath Prologue, Dame Alison discusses how a successful relationship between a man and woman is one where the woman is in control. She uses her experiences to defend her views. A woman who has been married five times, Alison clearly endorses herself as being a woman of sexual desires, and in doing this she also makes a defense for women like herself. She disputes the notion that marriage is inferior to chastity by giving examples from the Bible. She cites King Solomon who had numerous wives and was not condemned for his behavior so why should she. She also quotes St. Paul’s statement that it is better to have passion while married, “It’s no sin to be married, he said, / For if you’re burning, better to be wed” (50-51). She does not throw out virginity, but rather argues, “A woman may be counseled to be pure, / But to counsel and commandment aren’...
The Wife of Bath, with the energy of her vernacular and the voraciousness of her sexual appetite, is one of the most vividly developed characters of 'The Canterbury Tales'. At 856 lines her prologue, or 'preambulacioun' as the Summoner calls it, is the longest of any of the pilgrims, and matches the General Prologue but for a few lines. Evidently Chaucer is infatuated with Alisoun, as he plays satirically with both gender and class issues through the Wife's robust rhetoric. Scholars and students alike have continued this obsession with her, and as a consequence Chaucer's larger than life widow has been subject to centuries of scrutiny. Indeed, she is in the vast minority amongst the Canterbury bound pilgrims; apart from the in-vogue Prioress she is the only female - though she appears in no way daunted by the apparent inequality in numbers. It seems almost a crime to examine masculinity in her prologue and tale, but as I hope to show, there is much to learn both about the Wife and about Chaucer from this male presence.
Geoffrey Chaucer’s “The Wife of Bath’s Tale” is an important part of his most famed work, The Canterbury Tales. One of the most respected highly analyzed of all of the tales, this particular one is important both for its character development and its prevailing themes. It seamlessly integrates ideas on society at that time with strong literary development. This work stands the test of time both because of its literary qualities and because of what it can teach us about the role of women in late Medieval society.
One of the most interesting and widely interpreted characters in The Canterbury Tales by Geoffrey Chaucer is the Wife of Bath. She has had five different husbands and openly admits to marrying the majority of them for their money. The wife appears to be more outspoken and independent than most women of medieval times, and has therefore been thought to symbolize the cause of feminism; some even refer to her as the first actual feminist character in literature. Readers and scholars probably argue in favor of this idea because in The Canterbury Tales, she uniquely gives her own insight and opinions on how relations between men and women should be carried out. Also, the meaning of her tale is that virtually all women want to be granted control over themselves and their relationship with their husbands, which seems to convince people that the Wife of Bath should be viewed as some sort of revolutionary feminist of her time. This idea, however, is incorrect. The truth is that the Wife of Bath, or Alisoun, merely confirms negative stereotypes of women; she is deceitful, promiscuous, and clandestine. She does very little that is actually empowering or revolutionary for women, but instead tries to empower herself by using her body to gain control over her various husbands. The Wife of Bath is insecure, cynical towards men in general, and ultimately, a confirmation of misogynistic stereotypes of women.
The character of the Wife of Bath in Chaucer's The Wife of Bath's Prologue is a strong woman who knows what she wants from life. She is ahead of her time, seeing that women who portrayed themselves the way she does were not necessarily looked positively upon. In this sense, I believe that the Wife of Bath is a feminist. When I use the word feminist I do not mean bra-burning, men hating feminist. I mean a woman who is in touch with herself. She is her own genre when it comes to feminism. She is comfortable with her sexuality and what she wants from life. Through Chaucer, she is viewed as a promiscuous; however, she is actually in control of her sexual adventures.
Many critics throughout the years have given the Wife of Bath a title of that of a feminist. She is a strong-willed and dominant woman who gets what she wants when she wants it, by manipulating her husbands into feeling bad for things that they didn’t do, or by saying things that put them to utter shame. No man has ever been able to give an exact answer when she asks to know how many husbands a woman may have in her life...