Mckenna and Abby
Due: October 20th, 2017
Ms. Capel
Harassment, Violence and Abuse Assignment
Part One:
Sexual assault is a very serious issue that many people face all around the world. Sexual assault is any type of unwanted or forced sexual behavior inflicted on someone. This includes anything from non-contact sexual abuse such as harassment or threats, to issues severe as rape. One in three women are affected by sexual violence and one in six men are involved. Sexual assault affects people physically, as well as mentally and emotionally.
First off, sexual assault can affect people physically. Common physical effects of sexual assault include bruising, bleeding, broken or dislocated bones, sexually transmitted
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Sexual harassment may be carried out by teachers, administrators, school staff and students. It is very important to know and understand the risks of sexual harassment in order to help prevent it and be there for those who have been personally affected. An example of sexual harassment could begin in elementary schools. As children develop sexually, they may become curious about their bodies, gender and sex. This could lead to many issues if not taught correctly. Many boys and girls may begin to talk about each other in unpleasant ways that are not always appropriate. This could cause issues such as unwanted physical contact, such as touching and grabbing as well as intimidating behavior, which may include nicknames, and homophobic name calling. To prevent issues such as these it is very important that children are taught boundaries from a young age and that they understand some of the consequences of their …show more content…
Spousal abuse is a very serious issue that affects many families in Canada. Spousal violence is identified as one of the most common forms of violence against women in Canada. In fact, 83% of all spousal violence victims are women. This is partly due to the fact that women are sometimes seen as an easier target. As well as some men believe that they should be in charge of making decisions in their household, therefore when their spouse provides their opinion they may not handle the situation correctly. When experiencing spousal abuse it is very important to report any assaults to the police. If the victim does not feel comfortable doing so he or she may also receive help through support groups, counselling and phone help lines. It is important to always have someone that the victim can speak to and trust. This way the victim doesn’t have to face such hard times like these alone.
Harassment and abuse is a very prevalent issue in many countries all around the world. The rate of sexual violence in South Africa is among the highest in the world. In the years 2015-2016, there were 51,895 sexual offences reported. While men are also subjected to sexual violence and 3.5% of men have been forced to have sex with other men, the majority of sexual violence is against women. Rape is very dangerous and very serious, especially in places like Africa because of the prevalence of
Sexual assault is the act of sexual intercourse without consent of the other person according to the New South Wales Consolidation Act of 1900 (Austlii 2011) and is also described by the Australian Standard Offence Classification as ‘non-consensual’ acts or intents of sexual nature (ASOC 2008, p. 31). It has become one of the most predominate crimes creating social harm in Australia. Social harm is defined as the negative influence through consequences impacting the individual on the living conditions of the surrounding public (Cain & Howe 2008, p. 26). Sexual assault poses a social threat to all aspects of the community, spreading insecurity in the 9000 victims across Australia and 1900 victims in NSW alone as indicated in the Australian Bureau of Statistics Crime Victimisation Report (ABS 2011, p. 40). This is supported by the victimization rate of all sexually assaulted victims between ages 10 to 14 being 4 times greater than all the other age groups (ABS 2010).
Sexual assault is defined as “any type of sexual contact or behavior that occurs without the explicit consent of the recipient.” (“Sexual Assault”, 2nd heading). An average of 237,868 Americans (ages 12+) are sexually assaulted per year. This translates to an american being sexually assaulted every two minutes. This does not even include all of the children who are victims of sexual assault. The government has tried to combat these appallingly high statistics with various pieces of legislature, including Title IX.
According to Campus Sexual Assault: Suggested Policies and Procedures “the consequences of sexual assault can be very serious.” This means that it can lead to many outcomes which one could be hospitalization. The effects on sexual assault on a person can be very traumatic and it can be difficult for some people to overcome it. Another concern that they have stated is pregnancy, STD’s and HIV. The reason they are concerned about this which could certainties be a consequence of sexual assault is because not many girls want to go through with this because they were violated and they might not be able to take care of this child well. They might have to worry if they got an STD’s from them because they might as well have a sexual transmitted disease and who knows where this person went. HIV is the biggest consequences because as yet they couldn’t have found a cure and it is not curable at all so they are stuck with HIV for rest of their
Intimate partner violence has been a significant issue for centuries in all countries. "Since 1974, nearly 2,600 spousal homicides have been recorded in Canada" (Bunge, 2002). Of these homicides, more than three-quarters have been against women. Although through feminism and the women's liberation movement, there has been a slight improvement in the incidences of violence against women, there has also been a drastic change in the perception of the issue by society. After reviewing the most recent literature on violence against women and victimization through intimate partners, it has become prevalent that there are now two crucial stances that are taken. The first position is that of the women being victimized as the main issue, including prevention, causes and incidences. The second position is that of women becoming more 'aggressive' and the issue of violence against both men and women. "Wife battering- the original problem constituted by the 1970s feminists- has morphed into 'domestic violence' and then into 'husband abuse'" (Minaker, 2006). This literature review will examine the background information on intimate partner violence including different arguments and perspectives, theories, and methodologies as well as discuss the major findings and future directions of research.
Violence has become prevalent within society; it is something the western world has learned to accept. With every minute that passes Canadians come face to face with certain acts of violence they may not have previously encountered (citation). Although, violence is not a subject that one can escape, women and children have unfortunately become the prime victims of violent acts. The media glorifies violence in other countries around the world it fails to address the presence of violence within Canada. Although violence is usually associated with gangs and guns, Canada experiences more violence related to bullying, sexual, verbal, cyber and domestic abuse (citation). Amidst the changing societal views towards treating women equally and eliminating objectification, of all these types of violence and abuse in our society, the most common still happens to be domestic abuse, which is mainly targeted at women and affects children. Domestic abuse is described as a form of abuse that takes place in the confines of the household (Citation). Though 51% of Canadians have said to have experienced or witnessed domestic abuse only 20% of those cases related to domestic violence are ever reported (citation). Domestic abuse has become more prevalent in modern society; however, it is an issue that is left un-noticed simply because its effects are invisible outside the walls of ones home. In reality the effects of domestic violence have severe negative effects on women, children and the social structure of today’s society. Without any notification of domestic violence the re precautions of this abuse can be dire. When an individual thinks of domestic abuse, their ideas quickly relate back to women, simply because women are the usual and most common victims of domestic violence. And therefore is an issue that must be resolved rather than ignored.
Legally, one might wonder how sexual assault is defined. According to Massachusetts State law, there are two major categories of sexual assault against adults. One of these is rape, and the other is indecent assault and battery. Rape is defined as “sexual intercourse or unnatural sexual intercourse with a person and compels such person to submit by force and against his/her will, or compels such person to submit by threat of bodily injury.” Rape and attempted rape are punishable by up to 20 years in prison.
Sexual assault is defined as a type of behaviour that occurs without explicit consent from the recipient and under sexual assault come various categories such as sexual activities as forces sexual intercourse, incest, fondling, attempted rape and more (Justice.gov. 2017). People often become victims of sexual assault by someone they know and trust (Mason & Lodrick, 2013) which is conflicting to the public’s perception and beliefs that offenders are strangers. Women are the main victims for sexual assault and are 5 times more likely to have been a victim of sexual assault from a male (Wright, 2017, p. 93). Men are victims of sexual assault however only 0.7% of men, compared to 3.2% of women, experience some form of sexual assault which highlights how vulnerable women are compared to men. Sexual assault is publicised and exposed in the media, however is often
Sexual assault is a problem that affects many students in colleges. Sexual assault is defined as “any unwanted contact” (6) performed on “an unwilling victim, without consent” (2). This means anything from touching to completed rape. Without consent means that “vigorous efforts were made to avoid sexual contact” (2). Physical symptoms of sexual assault can tamper with the victim’s quality of life. It can be pelvic pain, migraines, and even disability that can prevent a victim from working. There are over 32,000 pregnancies a year that are a result of completed rape, but problems with pregnancy can also be a result of sexual assault. In addition to these effects, women who experience this assault are more likely to contract sexually transmitted diseases (2).
According to a statement addressing the sexual victimization of college women The Crime and Victimization in America states that, “ One out of four women will be sexually assaulted on a college campus.” This disturbing fact has not minimized throughout the years, instead it is continuing to worsen throughout college campuses. Sexual assault is not an act to be taken lightly. Society must stop pinpointing the individuals who commit these crimes one by one, but rather look at the problem as a whole and begin to understand the main cause of sexual assault and possible methods to reduce these acts of sexual coercion.
What is sexual assault? Sexual assault is, “any type of sexual contact or behavior that occurs without the explicit consent of the recipient. Falling under the definition of sexual assault are sexual activities as forced sexual intercourse, forcible sodomy, child molestation, incest, fondling, and attempted rape” (Sexual Assault).
Jewkes, R. (2012) Rape Perpetration: A review. Pretoria, Sexual Violence Research Initiative. Retrieved April 21, 2014 , from http://www.svri.org/RapePerpetration.pdf
Sexual assault is a term that is used interchangeably with the word rape. The decision on whether or not to use the term rape or sexual assault is made by a state’s jurisdiction. Sexual assault is more readily used in an attempt to be more gender neutral (National Victim Center). Sexual assault can be most easily described as forced or unconsentual sexual intercourse. The individual that is performing these acts on the victim may either be a stranger or an acquaintance. In 1994, 64.2 percent of all rapes were committed by someone the offender had previously known (Ringel, 1997). Regardless, this type of crime can have extreme effects on the victim.
Unfortunately, law enforcement, a common preventative measure, isn’t nearly as effective as it should be in South Africa. The police aren’t able to help rape survivors because oftentimes they simply aren’t able to arrest the offender. A multitude of factors influence the amount of law enforcement in rape cases, one of which is the victim’s silence. In many cases, the victims are silent due to women not feeling safe enough to report the crime causing them to often go unreported (Smith 256). If rapes aren’t reported, the police aren’t aware that it took place and they can’t investigate meaning that they have no reason to arrest the rapist. Either that or the rape survivors blame themselves and they don’t feel justified to report it because they
Radical Feminism understand that patriarchal societies shape experiences and dynamics of victims. What is sexual Assault? To define sexual assault, the Met Police in the U.K have given a definition: “The overall definition of sexual or indecent assault is an act of physical, psychological and emotional violation in the form of a sexual act, inflicted on someone without their consent.
Sexual harassment in the workplace is a huge problem in recent history. It can happen to anyone and it can happen everywhere. It can affect all types of races, gender and age. Statistics today shows that more and more sexual harassment has become an issue due to the large number of cases presented. Mainstream media becomes consume covering sexual harassment because of the high profile cases. Sexual harassment becomes a topic on various TV shows, and on some major morning radio talk shows mostly everyday. Sexual harassment laws must be strengthened in order to fix what has become a serious problem today in the workplace.