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Social construct of gender
Social construct of gender
Roles of women during the Victorian era
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"Nature intended women be our slaves. They are our property" - Napoleon Bonaparte, 1769 -1821 . Napoleon, Emperor of the French, lived to say this before the Victorian era had even begun, showing that sexism was already part of social life. In Victorian Britain, sexism had turned into culture; women would be expected to be mothers, work in the home and be quiet and "feminine" . This concept of an ideal women was strict, and women who didn't act "like a woman" would be punished and put in an asylum for the mad. And in the asylum also, women were treated unfairly compared to the men of the mad asylum. Doctors understood the health and illness of their female patients through established Victorian social customs. Thus, the treatment of unmarried mothers, lesbians and difficult wives reveals the ways in which mad doctors based their medical treatments on restoring the …show more content…
The thought of unmarried women was a dreadful concept, and when Charles Dickens introduced Oliver Twist's mother as being unmarried in the book Oliver Twist, readers were astounded. Being an unmarried women was a shameful idea and women in the Victorian era avoided this. This concept of being an unmarried mother was very unethical because it wasn't shameful for a father to be unmarried. Furthermore, being a unmarried mother meant that you would need a job to pay for your child, and a female's pay in the Victorian era was nearly half as much as a male would get . In asylums, if you were an unmarried mother, you would be classified as having hysteria. The treatment an unmarried mother would get is to find a husband. This is intensely biased as a male wouldn't need to go to an asylum for being unmarried. In modern times, being an unmarried mother would be considered normal, thus the fact that unmarried mothers would have to get treatment is directly connected to Victorian social belief and not to mental
Upon hearing the term, “The Victorian Woman,” it is likely that one’s mind conjures up an image of a good and virtuous woman whose life revolved around the domestic sphere of the home and family, and who demonstrated a complete devotion to impeccable etiquette as well as to a strong moral system. It is certainly true that during Victorian England the ideal female was invested in her role as a wife and a mother, and demonstrated moral stability and asexuality with an influence that acted as her family’s shield to the intrusions of industrial life. Yet despite the prevalence of such upstanding women in society, needless to say not all women lived up to such a high level of moral aptitude. Thus, we must beg the question, what became of the women who fell far short from such a standard? What became of the women who fell from this pedestal of the ideal Victorian woman, and by way of drunkenness, criminality, or misconduct became the negation of this Victorian ideal of femininity?
In order to discuss the question of Lady Audley's madness, we must first understand the Victorian ideas and beliefs regarding insanity. Insanity was believed more common among women than among men and doctors and psychiatrists debated the reason for this. A common view was that women were more vulnerable to insanity than men because of the "instability of their reproductive system" (Showalter, p 55), which interfered with their emotional control. That female insanity was linked with the biological crises of the female life cycle - puberty, pregnancy, childbirth and menopause - during which the female mind was weakened and the symptoms of insanity could emerge, was a common belief (Showalter, p 55). It should be noted that the medical professions were strictly for men and no doubt were all these theories made up by men, with little experience of menstruation, pregnancy or menopause.
Victorian attitudes to the poor were very negative to the “undeserving poor” (which meant the poor that were just ‘lazy’ or were thieves ect). The New poor law stated that “no able-bodied person was to receive money or other help from the Poor Law authorities except in a workhous... ... middle of paper ... ... ation on how to write the essay. · Gave information on the Asylum itself · Gave the coursework booklet which included sources.
In the novel To Kill a Mockingbird, there are many themes throughout the story. One of them is the theme of deception. An example of deception is when Mr. Dolphus Raymond drank Coca-Cola from a brown paper bag, which people would infer to be alcohol. Another theme is the role of parenting and how Atticus has a different view of parenting. The children call him Atticus, not dad. A major theme is the role of sexism and how it works with the characters Jem, Aunt Alexandra, and Dill.
Reagin, Nancy. “Historical Analysis: Women as ‘the Sex’ During the Victorian Era.” Victorian Women: The Gender of Oppression. Pace University, n.d. Web. 23 Feb. 2014.
The American Dream has been corrupted. The American Dream is the idea that core principal that all people have equal opportunity for prosperity and success and upward social mobility achievable through hard work and effort. F. Scott Fitzgerald’s novel, The Great Gatsby, depicts one man’s life where his constant pursuit of happiness leads him ultimately to death but also an unusual perspective on sexism at the time. The novel is set in 20th century New York featuring a man named Jay Gatsby, born James “Jimmy” Gatz, who was born into poverty but always aspired for more. At the start of the novel he is a wealthy businessman who is deeply in love with a woman from his past. Throughout the book he pursues this woman, Daisy Buchanan, slowly becoming less sexist. However Daisy is married to a rampant sexist, Tom Buchanan. As Gatsby becomes less sexist, Nick Caraway, the narrator, begins to understand how it is corrupting the American Dream in terms of gender equality, but still continues to express sexist views. Throughout the novel Nick observes that the American Dream is corrupted by sexism through Tom and Daisy Buchanan’s relationship, female perspectives on gender roles,
Scull, Andrew. “The Social History of Psychiatry in the Victorian Era.” In Madhouses, Mad-doctors and Madmen, edited by Andrew Scull, 5-35. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1981.
Classification played a significant role in the asylums and how they were run. First there is the classification between sane and insane. This division has continually been the center of study and discussion. Perhaps those that are considered insane aren't really. "Nineteenth century records make it clear that those alone, whether single, divorced, or widowed, were particularly vulnerable to institutionalization." (Dwyer, p.106) The next classification distinction is whether a person is temporarily insane or chronically insane. In many places, the need for a separate institution for the chronically insane was discussed. When a New York state asylum was considering a separate location, superintendent John Gray "opposed the idea of a separate institution for the chronically insane." (Dwyer, p.46) This idea was discredited throughout America and Europe. (...
Throughout time women have been written as the lesser sex weaker, secondary characters. They are portrayed as dumb, stupid, and nothing more that their fading beauty. They are written as if they need to be saved or helped because they cannot help themselves. Women, such as Daisy Buchanan who believes all a women can be is a “beautiful little fool”, Mrs Mallard who quite died when she lost her freedom from her husband, Eliza Perkins who rights the main character a woman who is a mental health patient who happens to be a woman being locked up by her husband, and then Carlos Andres Gomez who recognizes the sexism problem and wants to change it. Women in The Great Gatsby, “The Story of an Hour,” “The Yellow Wall Paper” and the poem “When” are
What comes to mind when you hear the words “insane asylum”? Do such terms as lunatic, crazy, scary, or even haunted come to mind? More than likely these are the terminology that most of us would use to describe our perception of insane asylums. However, those in history that had a heart’s desire to treat the mentally ill compassionately and humanely had a different viewpoint. Insane asylums were known for their horrendous treatment of the mentally ill, but the ultimate purpose in the reformation of insane asylums in the nineteenth century was to improve the treatment for the mentally ill by providing a humane and caring environment for them to reside.
Most of the current social work clients and workers are women. This gender is also over-represented among women, which implies that women continue to face considerable issues in the modern society despite the changes in the traditional role of men and women in the society. Social welfare policy are usually developed and implemented to confront various issues in the society including the plight of women. However, recent statistics demonstrate that social welfare policy does not always meet women’s needs effectively. This is regardless of the fact that sexism and heterosexism play a crucial role is shaping social welfare policy. Therefore, it is important to develop effective social welfare policy
The Victorian era established strict guidelines and definitions for the ladies and gentleman. Noble birth typically defined one as a "lady" or a "gentleman," but for women in this time period, socioeconomic rank and titles held no prestige or special privileges in a male-dominated society. Commonly, women in this era generally tried to gain more influence and respect but to no avail as their male counterparts controlled the ideals and practices of society. Women were subject to these ideals and practices without any legal or social rights or privileges. In the literary titles by Frances Power Cobbe, Sarah Stickney Ellis, Charlotte Bronte, Anne Bronte, John Henry Cardinal Newman, Sir Henry Newbolt, and Caroline Norton, the positions, opinions, and lifestyles of men and women during the Victorian era were clearly defined. Men in the Victorian era were raised to be intellectually and physically sound in order to be skillful in the workplace and the military while women were typically restricted to fulfilling roles within the home. As the female desire for equal rights and representation under the law mounted, an international vigor for female equality would produce a call for equality.
Not only was the fact that women were viewed as second-class citizens and had limited rights compared to men during the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries a major problem, but women were also held to a much different standard, and expected to carry out many responsibilities that they might not have chosen for themselves. Most women were expected to get married because society during these time periods made it almost impossible for women to make a living solely on their own, so the need for a husband was necessary. In addition to being predestined to be married, a woman in the Victorian era was to be a virgin, and remain free from the thought of love or sexuality until she was married. Though most women were expected to marry, those of a certain age were expected to remain unmarried spinsters. Women turning to prostitution were not a rarity during this time period; it was legal, and seemed to be the only economic option for some women.
Throughout the early 1800s, British women most often were relegated to a subordinate role in society by their institutionalized obligations, laws, and the more powerfully entrenched males. In that time, a young woman’s role was close to a life of servitude and slavery. Women were often controlled by the men in their lives, whether it was a father, brother or the eventual husband. Marriage during this time was often a gamble; one could either be in it for the right reasons, such as love, or for the wrong reasons, such as advancing social status. In 19th century Britain, laws were enacted to further suppress women and reflected the societal belief that women were supposed to do two things: marry and have children.
There was an inborn sense of subordination of women throughout the Victorian era, and rather significant similarities between housewife and servant. This idea that women were not seen as an equal towards men can be traced back to the Victorian English natural hierarchy. It was their belief that those had to serve and owed much to the people superior to them, i.e. kings to gods, lords to kings, and servant to master, ect. (Davidoff, 408). To be born a woman, was to be under complete control of her husband, much like to be born a slave confined to their masters’ demands and wishes (Davidoff, 408). The difference between wife and slave was Victorian England’s social concepts of servitude. Women moved from paternal control in their private home, into a lifetime of servitude of their husband’s home, therefore; women knew their duties were fo...