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Causes and results of seven years' war
Cause and effect of seven years war
Cause and effect of seven years war
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Investigation
The seven years war was a major turning point for the relationship between the North American Colonies and England. After the British victory in 1763, England changed it’s policies on the American colonies radically which in turn furthered the formation of a American identity.
The seven years war as a conflict originating from Europe extended across the world, and was known as the french and Indian war in the north American theater, with it’s conclusion in 1763 in the treaty of Paris, with the deliverance of north America and India from France, the result being a victory for Great Britain. However this also brings about new conflicts and problems for the colonies.
In terms of land, With great Britain trying to ensure it’s
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control of north America, king George the second promised the western territories for the colonists who fights in the war in order to encourage more forces to fight against France. As the war ends in 1763 however King George the third released the Royal Proclamation of 1763, which changed the policies on the distribution of land which states before the problem of Native Americans and a specific territorial plan was devised, no colonists can settle across the proclamation line given. A large portion of land was also given to the native Americans. This policy directly obstructed the colonists’ plan of settling west, as many colonists originally planned to to when moving to the Americas, to regain their lost land in Europe.
The Colonist government also lost it’s control over the native American population, which furthered the split between the American colonists and the British government, while causing frustration and resentment also reinforced the relationship within the colonists, and the formation of the ‘us against them’ …show more content…
mentality. Another important British policy after the seven years war is the presence of a regular occupation force in North America. The victory in the seven years war resulted in massive expansions in territory and with it the need to protect said territory. It’s hugely costly to maintain a fighting force in the colonies, with fees coming from equipment, recruitment , supplies etc. The British government then tries to counter that with a increase in taxes. The quartering act of 1765 dictates that locals are required to provide food and residence for the royal army, and a regular deliver of resources. This quartering act caused even more split in the colonist’s attitudes, and the act was seen as a testimony of British tyranny and invasion of freedom. Under these circumstances, all movement of the royal army was met with doubt and fear. Not only did the occupation force add to the burden of the colonists, it also increased the sense of mistrust for their motherland. The riot in New York and the Boston massacre of 1770 are all signs of escalated conflict between the colonists and the army, with the quartering act seen as the betrayal of the motherland. As the colonists previously operated in a relatively loose control combined their heightened sense of freedom and equality, they can hardly be ruled again under the strict control of the British government. As the relationship between the colonists and Britain deteriorates, the colonists became more and more aware of their new identity. At the end of the seven years war in 1763, the national debt of Great Britain was at a astounding one billion three hundred and fifty million pounds, with four hundred thousand more each year for the defense of North America. As there’s already a 20% increase within Britain, the government looks towards the colonies for means to distribute the pressure. With the passing of the sugar act in 1764 and the stamp act in 1765, it marks the change of expanding the British government’s tax right in to the American colonies, limiting the colonies’ constitutional position in the system. The event rapidly turned political as the colonists’ meeting in New York 1765 stated that only their own Parliament can tax it’s people, and for Great Britain to revoke the stamp act. This goes on to show that it’s already escalating past the problem of taxing and into a full blown political conflict between the American Colonies and the British Government. The situation worsens even more in 1773 when the British Government pushes the tea act and to be met with the Boston tea party, dumping crates of tea coming from the British East India Company. As the oppressive acts challenge the colonists time and time again resulting in unprecedented fury, it leads to the meeting between the 55 representatives of the colonies in 1774, leading towards the ultimate divergence and the birth of the united states. Reflection In conclusion, it was the aftermath of the seven years war which affects Great Britain in political, economical and military terms that brings about the rapid changes in the American colonies after 1763.
These policies increased the already existing tension within the colonies and transforming it into a threat coming from the outside, essentially adding to the gap between the two and pushing the colonists further away. The new polices not only disrupted the interests and goals of the colonists, i did not serve the intention of controlling the colonies. As the colonists were constantly being used and dis-included, their awareness of self-identity and rights grew at a substantial rate. As soon as the identity was split and Great Britain was regarded and a foreign country instead of the motherland, the eventual divide was already determined. The seven years war made the colonists realize the importance of unity and cooperation, making their independence
inevitable. After 1763 the colonies increasingly emphasized the ideas of freedom and rights the should be equally distributed to all people of North America, and it is a idea worth fighting for. The policies brought about by the seven years war limited that concept, restraining the fundamental idea of the colonists traveling across the sea to live a new, self-controlled life. The policies brought negative changes in geographical, social, economical and political terms for the colonists, but also at the same time helped refine and develop their awareness. Under this environment where everything is different form where they came from, the colonists formed a new country out of the pressures from the old one.
In the 17th century, before the Seven Years’ War, the common soldier was just an unpaid citizen who fought for the local militia with his own weapon, but the Seven Years’ War totally changed in military system. The Seven Years’ War was very significant because it forced all of the European countries to focus less on commerce and more territory. This new shift in focus is what caused Britain to send so many more troops to America; the British politicians believed it was vital to militarize their colonies like America, West Africa, and Asia. This is because they believed that soldiers could acquire and defend new territories, as well as build important structures as a cheap
Both countries wanted to assert more control over their colonists and maintain it. In 1749 France began building forts from “Lake Erie to the Forks of the Ohio.” In 1744 under the Treaty of Lancaster, Iroquois chiefs had sold right to “trade at the Forks of the Ohio to Virginia land speculators.” Virgina took this to mean that they would have rights to the land for eventual settlement. Both the Ohio Valley Indian and the French objected to this. In May of 1754, Virginia sent out Washington and some of his soldiers to protect Virginia’s interest and the French stuck back and basically started the French and Indian War. Washington and his men won the battle. In July of that same year, France attacked Washington while at Fort Necessity and her had to surrender. The Delaware and Shawnee Indians joined with France in the French and Indian War. In Europe in 1756 it took off as the Seven Years’ War. In the first phase of the war in North America the French had decisive victories through guerilla war fare by the Indians. Both the English and the French started using European style warfare and this proved a poor decision for both, but especially France. Britain backed off the this strategy
When the colonies were being formed, many colonists came from England to escape the restrictions placed upon them by the crown. Britain had laws for regulating trade and collecting taxes, but they were generally not enforced. The colonists had gotten used to being able to govern themselves. However, Britain sooned changed it’s colonial policy because of the piling debt due to four wars the British got into with the French and the Spanish. The most notable of these, the French and Indian War (or the Seven Years’ War), had immediate effects on the relationship between the colonies and Great Britain, leading to the concept of no taxation without representation becoming the motivating force for the American revolutionary movement and a great symbol for democracy amongst the colonies, as Britain tried to tighten their hold on the colonies through various acts and measures.
The British Empire has had a long lasting and strong influence on the American colonies for over three centuries. From the 16th century all the way to the 18th century, the British empire has held power within the colonies in terms of legislature, economy, and social stature. The British’s rule has been both a positive and negative driving force
The British rule that was established in the colonies was oppressive and unfair. The British rule was immoral because Parliament contained a totality of British politicians who only cared about Britain’s wants and needs. The Colonists, “wanted the right to vote about their own taxes, like the people living in Britain. But no colonists were permitted to serve in the British Parliament.” (Ember) This unfairness led to many unwanted laws such as the Intolerable Acts and the Stamp Act. These laws did not benefit the colonists in any way, but the acts significantly helped the British. Laws and acts were forced
The American colonists’ disagreements with British policymakers lead to the colonist’s belief that the policies imposed on them violated of their constitutional rights and their colonial charters. These policies that were imposed on the colonist came with outcome like established new boundaries, new internal and external taxes, unnecessary and cruel punishment, and taxation without representation. British policymakers enforcing Acts of Parliament, or policies, that ultimately lead in the colonist civil unrest, outbreak of hostilities, and the colonist prepared to declare their independence.
The Seven Years War, or more commonly referred to as “The French and Indian War”, has been called the true First World War. In this book The French and Indian War: Deciding the Fate of North America, the author and historian Walter R. Borneman paints a detailed and elaborate picture that justifies the claim of it being the first true war of global proportions. If ever there truly was a climax to the never ending feud of the European powers that be, Borneman would like to suggest that it was The Seven Years War. Beginning roughly in 1754, the author leads us on a path of discovery that truly has no beginning and only a tentative and temporary end. The author describes in great detail the early agitations that both could have and did lead to all out war not only in Europe but throughout their global realms and reaches. Introductions are made to some of the greatest historical figures of that era and those to come, through the extensive work that the author engages in, in an attempt to grant the most detailed and comprehensive book about not only the Seven Years War, but the events that would both lead up to and follow as a result. A MUST read for any true student of history, Borneman goes further in his masterpiece by examining and explaining common misconceptions and theories that have arisen in regards to the period and war. The book truly shines however not simply in the breadth of knowledge that it provides, but also in the manner in which it does so. Borneman masterfully fits all of the many different parts of this book together in a manner that is easily understood. It is no easy feat to cover the sheer number of names, dates and events detailed in this book. Borneman manages to weave in and out of the different faction...
The French and Indian war, also better known as the seven year war, was in 1754. It all began in the early spring of 1754 through 1763, when George Washington and some 160 Virginians and hand full of Mingo Indians started to move when they were concerned about the French military presence in their county. The battle first started when a Mingo chief, the Indian leader that was with George Washington in his campaign, led a unit of soldiers into a small French encampment in the woods. It was a very small battle but, the fight ended up with 14 French men wounded. While Washington was trying to get all the available information from their French dying commander to help their plans in the war, the Indians killed and scalped the remaining survivors including the commander.
From 1754 to 1763, the French and Indian War took place. This war altered the political, economic, and ideological relations between Britain and its American colonies. It was the last of four North American wars waged from 1689 to 1763 between the British and the French. In these struggles, each country fought for control of the continent with the assistance of Native American and colonial allies. The French and Indian War occurred to end the land dispute between the British and French. Whoever won, in reality, gained an empire. It was a determined and eventually successful attempt by the British to get a dominant position in North America, the West Indies, and the subcontinent of India. Although Britain had won all this land, political, economic, and ideological relations between Britain and its American colonies were totally annihilated.
A new era was dawning on the American colonies and its mother country Britain, an era of revolution. The American colonists were subjected to many cruel acts of the British Parliament in order to benefit England itself. These British policies were forcing the Americans to rebellious feelings as their rights were constantly being violated by the British Crown. The colonies wanted to have an independent government and economy so they could create their own laws and stipulations. The British imperial policies affected the colonies economic, political, and geographic situation which intensified colonists’ resistance to British rule and intensified commitment to their republican values.
The French and Indian war, also known as the Seven Years’ War, began 1756 and ended in 1763. It was the largest, the most expensive, and the most destructive war in Europe between the Thirty Years’ War, which ended in 1648, and the Napoleonic War of the early nineteenth century. This war involved all the great empires of Europe, plus the Indian population in the New World.
The French and Indian War, otherwise known as the Seven Years’ War was an imperial war conflict between Great Britain and the French. “The French
The French and Indian War or the Seven Years War was one of the major events that led to the American Revolution. The French and Indian War started in 1754 when George Washington and General Edward Braddock tried to defend the British land that they felt the French were taking with their expansion into the Ohio River valley. In 1755 Governor William Shirley of Massachusetts had many French settlers in the Nova Scotia region moved from that region to avoid any confrontation if these settlers sided with their home country. These people were exiled from their home and moved into British colonies in a very cruel and violent fashion. This is one of the first examples of Britain’s oppressive nature towards people they consider a threat to what they feel is the best solution. The British military effort, at this time, was not as impassioned or successful. Both George Washington and General Braddock suffered major defeats at the hands of the French and their allies, General Braddock was even killed in one of the early battles before this war was officially started. It was not until later in the war that the British were able to successfully defeat the French. The war officially began in 1756 and ended in 1763 but this war is far less important than the major event it caused. More than anything this war was the first step to the American Revolution.
They became empowered and confident in this idea of breaking free from their mother country. Now, able to express their grievances and frustrations, the Colonies were able to essentially “stick it to the man” against Britain. Thomas Jefferson writes how Great Britain’s king had “impos[ed] taxes on [them] without [their] consent,” and “depriv[ed] [them] of the benefits of trial by jury. “ He goes on to say that the king had abolish[ed] [their] most valuable laws; and alter[ed] fundamentally the forms of [their] governments.”
The main reason for the severance of the colonies from Britain was the lack of equality in parliament and the disregard for colonial needs. Whether it be forcing someone to pay for a war they did not fight or want, limiting one’s need for land, or piling on the taxes, all of these factors played a part in the dissolving of British-colonial ties. The colonists were only human and had the human reaction of defiance to injustice. If the colonists had not of had the audacity that they did, today’s America would be a very different place. Breaking away from Britain was the greatest thing the colonists could have possible done.