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In the book “Sacred Rice” author and anthropologist Joanna Davidson delves into the life of Jola farmers in west Africa and explores how rice plays an important role in their lives. She uses storytelling, often personal in nature to demonstrate how rice plays a vital part not only in the gastronomical aspect in the lives of people in north-western Guinea-Bissau but also in their social, cultural, economic, religious and political aspects. In the first chapter of the book the author discusses a brief world history and evolution of rice crops. It is interesting to see that even though parts of Africa had their own rice crop variety, the globalization of rice crop Oryza Sativa has been slowly replacing the African variety. The author also starts
the discussion of the role rice plays in Jola lives. According to her ( ),“Soon after I arrived in a Jola village in northwestern Guinea-Bissau, I became deeply immersed into a life in which rice dominates one’s actions, pre-occupations, and even dreams.” . Rice is not just a mere food in Jola communities, in my opinion, it’s a “way of life” to them. It’s used not only for daily meals, but for ceremonies, rituals and often as fashion extensions. The author also briefly discusses the political and economic instability of Guinea-Bissau and how it is allowing room for drug trafficking and causing short-comings in the production of rice. In the next chapter the author goes in to detail of the life-history of two out of three main characters, Ampa Badji, his wife Nho Keboral. She also discusses in spite the difference in the main characters’ story telling ability how they provided an in depth view of the Jola community and the effect of rice. Most of the interactions the author has with the main characters includes rice in some form. Looking in to the past life of Ampa and Nho she discovered that their ancestors were affected by infant mortality(padi/ntera ). In the next chapter the author discusses the work ethic of jola people. As the author got herself involved in the process of rice growing, she found out it needs constant and larger amount of work. Because of this the Jola community have a very strong work ethic. Even when it’s not rice season they are processing rice or growing seedlings. The whole year they are involved in these activities. I find that the work ethic of Jola speaks to their personality rather than their physical ability. In the next chapter the author discusses some characteristics of jola society. Their tendency to secrecy reflects a key aspect of their society. I find that this aspect gives them room for individual growth while maintaining a social constraint. In the next chapter Author mentions her experience of revisiting the village, where she found that lack of rain is restricting rice cultivation. She also found that jola community are slowly realizing the importance of education. I think this fact refers to the effect of globalization in very rural areas. In next chapter author discusses the final character of the book, Marina. Author explores how Marina’s life was affected by pregnancy and will of education. Marina’s story gives a very intriguing social narrative of Jola community. I find that her life reflects lives of many other girls around the world specially in developing countries. The book “Sacred rice” offers a unique perspective in the life of the residents of the village of Esna. The author tells stories through three main characters. The stories not only tell us the effect that rice has in their life, but it also gives us a narrative of a life governed by globalization, poverty, climate change, social and moral ethics. It captures the very essence of what it is to be human. Mohammad Saquib Empl id : 12183834 Response paper to Sacred Rice: An Ethnography of Identity, Environment, and Development in Rural West Africa. By Joanna Davidson May 13, 2016
Selection of Book: There were numerous purposes and objectives as to why I chose to read this particular anthropology manuscript of all the various other options available. For one, I selected this book initially due to the title of the book. “Dancing Skeleton” was the portion of the title that primarily stuck out to me, and made me imagine African children – who we see on commercials all the time in third world countries, which tend to look malnourished all throughout their adolescents – dancing around with skin-wrapped skeletal bones. Personally, for me, seeing children suffering from malnourishment and starvation must be one of the most unbearably agonizing pains a child can go through, not to mention the suffering of a mother having to watching her child gradually starve to death. I was additionally very much interested in understanding precisely what other individuals in different parts of the world and specifically Mali, are lacking that is affecting their health and well-being so noticeably. Furthermore, I was especially interested is reading informal stories and accounts through the eyes of the author about conducting specified field research on infant feeding and the importance of children
Consuming Grief: Compassionate Cannibalism in an Amazonian Society is an interested and well written ethnography on the Wari’ people. Beth A. Conklin goes above and beyond her call and does the Wari’ people justice by explaining their side of the story to the world that turned a cold shoulder on them for their norms. Consuming Grief helps to open the eyes of its readers to differing cultures and not to judge them on first looks. Beth A. Conklin shows tolerance and acceptance towards the Wari’ norms even if she did not agree with them. Tolerance should be extended towards all cultures around the world, everyone has their own norms and styles and each should be accepted and viewed as if it was a norm in one’s own culture.
The film Ongka’s Big Moka is about a Big Man named Ongka of the Kawelka tribe in Papua New Guinea. Being the Big Man of the tribe Ongka reasures his status by arranging a Moka ceremony. In this film we see the process of a Moka that takes up to 5 years of preparation. We follow Ongka’s struggles and successes of accumulating the number of pigs in preparation for the ceremony. The film allows us to understand the motives and functions of a Moka, provides topics that have been discussed in class, and relate this culture to a similar institution within the United States.
The book Monique and the Mango Rains is written on the backdrop of one of the poorest countries in the world where people are uneducated but they have their own culture and customs which they follow ardently. However the practices somehow match with the current world of hypocrite people but unknowingly they are present in the small village Nampossela of Mali where author interacted with Monique the central character of the
As far back as Rigoberta Manchu can remember, her life has been divided between the highlands of Guatemala and the low country plantations called the fincas. Routinely, Rigoberta and her family spent eight months working here under extremely poor conditions, for rich Guatemalans of Spanish descent. Starvation malnutrition and child death were common occurrence here; rape and murder were not unfamiliar too. Rigoberta and her family worked just as hard when they resided in their own village for a few months every year. However, when residing here, Rigoberta’s life was centered on the rituals and traditions of her community, many of which gave thanks to the natural world. When working in the fincas, she and her people struggled to survive, living at the mercy of wealthy landowners in an overcrowded, miserable environment. By the time Rigoberta was eight years old she was hard working and ...
Marjorie Shostak, an anthropologist who had written this book had studies the !Kung tribe for two years. Shostak had spent the two years interviewing the women in the society. The !Kung tribe resided n the Dobe area of Northwest Botswana, that’s infused with a series of clicks, represented on paper by exclamation points and slashes. Shostak had studied that the people of the tribe relied mostly on nuts of the mongongo, which is from an indigenous tree that’s part of their diet.
Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies. No. 3 (1965): 524-540. http://www.jstor.org/stable/612097 (accessed December 1, 2013).
In the novel Segu, Maryse Conde beautifully constructs personal and in depth images of African history through the use of four main characters that depict the struggles and importance of family in what is now present day Mali. These four characters and also brothers, by the names of Tiekoro, Siga, Naba, and Malobali are faced with a world changing around their beloved city of Bambara with new customs of the Islamic religion and the developing ideas of European commerce and slave trade. These new expansions in Africa become stepping stones for the Troare brothers to face head on and they have brought both victory and heartache for them and their family. These four characters are centralized throughout this novel because they provide the reader with an inside account of what life is like during a time where traditional Africa begins to change due to the forceful injection of conquering settlers and religions. This creates a split between family members, a mixing of cultures, and the loss of one’s traditions in the Bambara society which is a reflection of the (WHAT ARE SOME CHANGES) changes that occur in societies across the world.
Rice was another cash crop that required a substantial investment in land, labor, and equipment. It was among the most intensive and extensive crops developed in colonial North America. Its cultivation helped shape the development of societies in South...
By exploring the past and its threats to human populations, the global modern mythology of sustainable agriculture can begin to be narrowed down as to the how and why rural communities may or may not have benefited from agricultural sustainability. By describing the dynamic analysis in the livelihoods of developing countries, the historical changes that had occurred in rural communities, can be understood. Halberg and Müller stated that globally “The world’s population was about 7 billion in 2010 and is expected to grow much more. The expected growth is highest in parts of the world that are vulnerable to hunger and adverse climate condit...
Anthropologist Nancy Scheper-Hughes’ book, Death Without Weeping, is an account of her time spent in the northeast of Brazil between 1982 and 1989. Death Without Weeping analyzes the sufferings and recorded the lives of mothers and daughters, while examining the relationship between chronic child loss and poverty. While observing the perpetual famine and poverty in the northeast, Scheper-Hughes states, “The hunger of the zona da mata is constant and chronic, not much changed over the twenty-five-year period that I have known the region. It is the hunger of those who eat every day but of insufficient quantity, or of an inferior quality, or an impoverished variety, which leaves them dissatisfied and hungry. By contrast, the hunger of the drought-plagued serato, the backlands and the badlands of Pernambuco, is cyclical, acute, and explosive. It descends ruthlessly on people who are generally energetic, self-sufficient, and well nourished”. Scheper-Hughes spent 7 years in northeast Brazil, studying and analyzing the effects of the severely impoverished community, specifically mothers and their malnourished children. The ceaseless poverty in the northeast has had, and continues to have, damaging effects on communities and
Nigel Barley’s The Innocent Anthropologist explores the lives and culture of the Cameroonian Dowayo tribe. The book follows Barley’s fieldwork gathered during his stay amongst the tribe, affording insight into their ceremonies, language, social norms, and beliefs. Barley’s book stands out in the highly personal tone with which he recounts his time spent with the Dowayo, acknowledging bureaucratic troubles and, oftentimes humorous, misunderstandings. With a translator, Barley embarks on his attempt to immerse himself into the culture of the Dowayo, not hesitating to participate in their festivals (to a certain degree) and incorporate himself in their daily lives. Barley regals the audience with the entire experience of his fieldwork in West Africa, making sure to include how more modern technological and political inventions, such as voting and refrigerators, are regarded by the Dowayo. Barley writes with emphasis on the difficulties of the language, which is tonal and consists of multiple dialects, the Dowayo’s fondness for
... of which was sold in Europe, the West Indies, the North were produced in South Carolina and Georgia. A decade later the production of rice increased to 215,313,497 pounds produced. A decline in rice production occurred in 1850. The decline was most probably caused by the rise of cotton prices that drew labor or capital out of rice production, or possibly planters hesitated to risk the lives of expensive slaves in the unhealthy rice swamps. But, whatever the reason rice growers never occurred in the Southeast and after the Civil war it moved Westward into Louisiana Arkansas, and Texas. States from 1690, and the production of rice, as well of the American nation. The South was a threat to the Union. The incompatibility of the North and South caused the two to completely separate; whether issues concerning industrialization, slavery, or just the Unity of the nation.
Kamara, Mariatu and Susan McClelland. The Bite of the Mango. New York: Annick Press Ltd., 2008. Print.
The Fantasy of Out of Africa vs. the Reality of Ngugi's A Grain of Wheat