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Effects of sugar concentration on yeast fermentation
The effect of different sugars on yeast
Yeast in gas production
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Recommended: Effects of sugar concentration on yeast fermentation
The purpose of our experiment was to determine the reaction of yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and its fermentation capabilities of various sugars We gathered three different sugars, glucose, fructose, and sucrose. Then, we placed the yeast into test tubes that contained one of the three sugars. After placing the yeast with the three sugars, we incubated them for 20 minutes, and measured the resulting bubbles of carbon dioxide. Due to the resulting bubbles, we found that the most gas production was seen in the test tube containing glucose, followed by sucrose and fructose. These results lead us to theorize, the yeast is most efficiently able to ferment glucose. Overall, this experiment increased our knowledge of yeast’s capabilities to ferment sugars.
Introduction
Saccharomyces cerevisiae is the scientific name for what is more commonly known as Brewer’s/Baker’s yeast. S. cerevisiae is a part of the fungi kingdom and is
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There was also a challenge with creating the respirometer. When inverting the test tubes within the other, it was more difficult than we anticipated. When pushing the standard tube towards the bottom of the inverted larger tube was where the challenging part was. The gap of space was longer than most of our fingers, so it is possible that some substances might have spilled slightly. The spilling of the substances could have affected how much yeast was in the tube. Which then would cause less bubbles to form in that specific tube. It was also difficult to measure the bubble height in the tubes. Since the bubbles formed in the bottom of the test tube because of the inversion of the tubes, it was difficult to measure exactly. We had to measure over the larger test tube, because if we removed the larger tube the substance would spill everywhere, and we would have lost the bubbles. These few errors could be corrected by some simple
5. A second test tube was then filled with water and placed in a test
Half fill the ... ... middle of paper ... ... e data quality. Furthermore, using a graduated cylinder with markings below the 100 mL line would have allowed for more accurate measurements of the initial volume of air in the graduated cylinder.
Possible errors include leaving in the test strips for too long, draining too much water into the aquatic chamber (overfilling/watering), and inverting the tubes for a shorter amount of time than required. Although there are many possible human errors that could be committed in this lab, it is important to note that the tools used for water testing could be expired and could therefore not work as well at detecting the proper levels for dissolved oxygen, pH, and nitrate.
The procedure of the lab on day one was to get a ring stand and clamp, then put the substance in the test tube. Then put the test tube in the clamp and then get a Bunsen burner. After that put the Bunsen burner underneath the test tube to heat it. The procedure of the lab for day two was almost exactly the same, except the substances that were used were different. The
Fermentation is the biological process which allows humans to brew beer, or any other alcoholic beverage. This process occurs in the absence of oxygen, as a means for the cell to produce adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the source of cellular energy. Though little energy can be produced in this manner, it allows the yeast to survive in t...
I believe that a suitable procedure was followed that ensured that all inaccuracies in readings occurred due to human errors in reading. A syringe rather than measuring cylinders being used avoided errors in the measurements of volumes of solutions. This left no room for inaccuracies in not accounting for the meniscus as a syringe will leave no room for a meniscus and bears detailed volume readings, (to the nearest tenth of a cm3). This procedure yielded fewer inaccuracies meaning that results were more reliable.
In this experiment, there were several objectives. First, this lab was designed to determine the difference, if any, between the densities of Coke and Diet Coke. It was designed to evaluate the accuracy and precision of several lab equipment measurements. This lab was also designed to be an introduction to the LabQuest Data and the Logger Pro data analysis database. Random, systematic, and gross errors are errors made during experiments that can have significant effects to the results. Random errors do not really have a specific cause, but still causes a few of the measurements to either be a little high or a little low. Systematic errors occur when there are limitations or mistakes on lab equipment or lab procedures. These kinds of errors cause measurements to be either be always high or always low. The last kind of error is gross errors. Gross errors occur when machines or equipment fail completely. However, gross errors usually occur due to a personal mistake. For this experiment, the number of significant figures is very important and depends on the equipment being used. When using the volumetric pipette and burette, the measurements are rounded to the hundredth place while in a graduated cylinder, it is rounded to the tenth place.
The Effects of Concentration of Sugar on the Respiration Rate of Yeast Investigating the effect of concentration of sugar on the respiration rate of yeast We did an investigation to find how different concentrations of sugar effect the respiration rate of yeast and which type of concentration works best. Respiration is not breathing in and out; it is the breakdown of glucose to make energy using oxygen. Every living cell in every living organism uses respiration to make energy all the time. Plants respire (as well as photosynthesise) to release energy for growth, active uptake, etc…. They can also respire anaerobically (without oxygen) to produce ethanol and carbon dioxide as by-products.
The purpose of this investigation is to test the effects of multiple sugar substances on the respiration of yeast. Most people think of yeast when they think of what makes bread rise, cheese, alcoholic beverages, or other food products. Another type of yeast can also cause yeast infections, an infection of the skin. Yeasts (Saccharomyces) are tiny, microscopic organisms with a thin membrane and are usually oval or circular-shaped. They are a type of single-celled fungi of the class Ascomycetes, capable of processing sugar into alcohol and carbon dioxide (CO2 ) ; this process is known as fermentation. Fermentation and the products are the main focus points for this experiment being that cellular respiration of yeasts happens via the process of fermentation, which creates by-products of alcohol and CO2. The level of CO2 produced by the yeasts will show how effective each sugar substance is in providing cellular energy for the yeasts.
By taking a Carbon Dioxide, rich substance and mixing it with a yeast, solution fermentation will occur, and then it could be determined if it is a good energy-producer. In this study glacatose, sucrose, glycine, glucose, and water were used to indicate how fast fermentation occurred. The overall result shows that monosaccharides in particular galactose and glucose were the best energy source for a cell.
In our Biology Lab we did a laboratory experiment on fermentation, alcohol fermentation to be exact. Alcohol fermentation is a type of fermentation that produces the alcohol ethanol and CO2. In the experiment, we estimated the rate of alcohol fermentation by measuring the rate of CO2 production. Both glycolysis and fermentation consist of a series of chemical reactions, each of which is catalyzed by a specific enzyme. Two of the tables substituted some of the solution glucose for two different types of solutions.
“Fermentation occurs in fruits, bacteria, yeasts, fungi, as well as in mammalian muscle”(Biology Online, 2008, p. xx-xx) . “Yeasts were discovered to have connection with fermentation as observed by the French chemist, Louis Pasteur” (Biology Online, 2008, p. xx-xx). “Pasteur originally defined fermentation as respiration without air” (Biology Online, 2008, p. xx-xx). “However, fermentation does not have to always occur in anaerobic condition” (Biology Online, 2008, p. xx-xx). “Yeasts still prefer to undergo fermentation to process organic compounds and generate ATP even in the presence of oxygen” (Biology Online, 2008, p. xx-xx). “However, in mammalian muscles, they turn from oxidative phosphorylation (of cellular respiration) to fermentation when oxygen supply becomes limited, especially during a strenuous activity such as intensive exercising” (Biology Online, 2008, p. xx-xx).
This meant that the solution could react without being tampered with. Although, on a very good note. performing the second attempt for the 5cm strip, the tube was. accidentally split by passers – by, so we had to stop the time and record the time thus far. This could be the cause for the anomalies.
Yeasts are facultative anaerobes. They are able to metabolize the sugars in two different ways which is aerobic respiration in the presence of oxygen and anaerobic respiration in the absence of oxygen. The aerobic respiration also known as cellular respiration takes place when glucose is broken down in the present of oxygen to yield carbon dioxide, water and energy in the form of ATP. While in anaerobic respiration, fermentation takes place because it occurs in the absence of external electron acceptor. Because every oxidation has to be coupled to a reduction of compound derived from electron donor. On the other hand, in cellular respiration an exogenous
There is also the potential of human error within this experiment for example finding the meniscus is important to get an accurate amount using the graduated pipettes and burettes. There is a possibility that at one point in the experiment a chemical was measured inaccurately affecting the results. To resolve this, the experiment should have been repeated three times.