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Corporate level strategy of apple
History of the Business of Apple case study
History of the Business of Apple case study
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Corporate Governance of Apple Company
a) Board of directors
A board of directors is a group of individuals that are elected as representative of the stockholders to establish corporate management related policies and to make decisions on major company issues that might affect the long term performance of company.
The organization with the voting members usually chooses the members of the board. In a stock corporation, the board is elected by the shareholders and they have the highest authority in the management of the corporation. In a non-stock corporation with no general voting members, the board is the highest governing body of the institution; its members are sometimes chosen by the board itself.
There are several responsibilities of
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Many of them have senior leadership experiences at major multinational and domestic companies. In these positions, they have gained important and different management experience. For example strategic and financial planning, public company financial reporting, risks management, compliance and leadership development. Many of them also have experience serving as executive officers, or on boards of directors and board committees of other public companies, and have an understanding of corporate governance practices and trends. For other directors have experiences as directors or trustees of significant academic, nonprofit, research and bring the unique perspectives to the …show more content…
They are hold a specific executive power conferred onto them with and by authority of the board of directors and/or the shareholders and they also focus on managing the senior or executive management instead of the day-to-day activities of the business.
As we can see, the founder and former CEO late Steve Jobs had developed the organizational structure as hierarchical in Apple organizational in order to ensure the focused realization of his innovative ideas and clear vision for the business. When the leadership role changed to Tim Cook as CEO from Steve Jobs on August 2011, he has changed Apple organization structure to a certain modifications. Mr. Cook embraced the decentralization of decision making to a certain extent in order to encourage creativity and innovation at various levels. However, the structure remains to be largely hierarchical.
The top management’s structure of Apple Company for high level
This is the list of top management’s name of Apple Company in high level:
NAME POSITION
TIM COOK CEO
ANGELA AHRENDTH Senior Vice President Retail and Online
Ralph Nader, Mark Green and Joel Seligman, in an excerpt from Taming the Giant Corporation (1976, found in Honest Work by Ciulla, Martin and Solomon), take the current role of the company board of directors and suggest changes that should be made to make the board to be efficient. They claim the current makeup of the board does not necessarily do justice to the company because “in nearly every large American business…there exists a management autocracy” (Nader, Green and Seligman, 1976, p.570). The main resolution they present is to make the board more democratic with the betterment of the company as its first priority. Currently the board no longer oversees operations, or elects top company executives and they are no longer involved in the business operations to the extent they should be. Nadar, Green and Seligman argue that that all of these things need to be changed. For a corporation so large to be successful there must be separation of powers just as there is in any current government system ( p.571). They claim this is the only and best way to success (Nader, Green and Seligman, 1976, p.570-571).
...are accountable to a board of directors and shareholders and publish annual reports that are public record so to make sure there financial standards are on the up and up.
The corporation’s business is carried out by its management, under the direction of the Board of Directors. The Board, and each committee of the Board, has complete access to management. Also, the Board and committee member’s has access to independent advisors as each considers necessary or appropriate. Mallor, Barnes, Bowers, & Langvardt (2010) state that the Board of Directors also, issues shares, Adopts articles of merger or sha...
“The financial crisis and various corporate scandals have caused widespread concern over the way corporations are governed and their responsibilities to stakeholders.” Regulators and academics have emphasised the importance of board diversity in improving the strategic and monitoring role of the board, and preventing further business failures. The discussion has recently concentrated on the poor representation of female members at board level, which seems to be a common problem in most countries, including the United Kingdom. It has been suggested that women can provide boards with “unique qualities and resources that can improve board dynamics, strategic decision-making and firm performance.
Corporate governance implies governing a company/organization by a set of rules, principles, systems and processes. It guides the company about how to achieve its vision in a way that benefits the company and provides long-term benefits to its stakeholders. In the corporate business context, stake-holders comprise board of directors, management, employees and with the rising awareness about Corporate Social Responsibility; it includes shareholders and society as well. The principles which...
The Board of Directors is consisted of 11 members: James M. Elliot, the Chairman of the Board, 3 inside members and 7 outside members. The economy is stable and profitable, but that also means a lot of competition in the market. This poses a great opportunity for the company to grow and gain more of the market share. The only foreseeable real threat that the company will face is new competitors in the market.
Organisation Analysis Apple - Value proposition and Culture Apple - Company Description Apple Inc., was founded by Steve Jobs, Steve Wozniak, and Ronald Wayne on 1976, is an American multinational corporation headquartered in Cupertino, California, that designs, develops, and sells consumer electronics, computer software and personal computers. Its best-known hardware products are the Mac line of computers, the iPod media player, the iPhone smartphone, and the iPad tablet computer. Its consumer software includes the OS X and iOS operating systems, the iTunes media browser, the Safari web browser, and the iLife and iWork creativity and productivity suites. Apple is the world's second-largest information technology company by revenue and the world's third-largest mobile phone maker. “Fortune” magazine named Apple the most admired company in the United States in 2008, and in the world from 2008 to 2012.
Steve Jobs one of the founding fathers of Apple Inc used strategic planning to his advantage by making Apple’s mission a simple one- bringing easy to use computers to the general market, revolutionizing the computer market. In 2007, after thirty years, the organization changed its name from Apple Computer to Apple Inc., this was a significant move because the organization became more independent, and it was no longer known as a vendor to Macintosh personal computer line (Yoffie & Slind, 2008). This strategic move paid off; a year and half later, Apple Inc.’s third quarter net profit of $1.07 billion on a $7.46 billion in revenue (Yoffie & Slind, 2008). SWOT Analysis of Apple, Inc. Strengths (Competitive Advantage)
Apple Inc is functional departmentalisation. There are 15 departments responsible for specific tasks. These departments are finance, legal, software engineering, marketing, retail and online stores, hardware engineering, industrial design and human interface, internet so...
Common stock ownership has the benefit of allowing its shareholders to vote on the organization's board of members. Usually, one share of common stock equates to one vote. Companies sell common stock through public offerings, and it's traded among investors on the secondary market. Share...
Organizations that only have top management as the board members are more susceptible to accounting malpractices. Members of the board should preferably own shares in the company to ensure diligence when it comes to the interests of the company. Apart from the Board of Governors, there should also be an audit committee in place to oversee the financial dealings of the bank. Members of the board and the audit committee should have basic financial knowledge. Some of the members should also be experts in finances so that they can detect any anomaly that may take place in terms of financial reporting. An overhaul of the regulatory framework is required to empower authorities to intervene immediately, and make improvements. New technology is required. Manual antiquated processes should be eliminated because this causes greater human error and poor
In the management process, leadership is the first and can be the most influential part of the process. Both Steve Jobs and Tim Cook have very similar approaches to leadership styles in regards to the vision for Apple. Steve’s is more on a vision for the future charismatic side, where as Cook’s vision is tied into social and ethical responsibilities. While they have differences in the approach to the direction of the company, they use their position of power to influence decisions and visions. In Chapter 11 of Exploring Management, “Tom Peters says that a leader is “rarely – possibly never- the best performer””
The Board of Directors believes that the primary responsibility of the Directors is to provide effective governance over Halliburton's affairs for the benefit of its stockholders. Responsibilities responsibility includes: reviewing succession plans and management development programs for members of executive management; reviewing succession plans and management development programs for members of executive management; reviewing and approving periodically long-term strategic and business plans and monitoring corporate performance against such plans; adopting policies of corporate conduct, including compliance with applicable laws and regulations and maintenance of accounting, financial, disclosure and other controls, and reviewing the adequacy of compliance systems and controls; evaluating annually the overall effectiveness of the Board; and reviewing matters of corporate governance
The Role of the Directors in a Company is of a paramount importance in the discourse of the proper running of the company. Directors are the spirit of the company .The company is merely a legal entity, governed by its directors. These directors have certain duties and responsibilities. These are mainly governed by the Corporation Act, 2001. Section 198A (1) of The Corporations Act, 2001(The Corporations Act 2001 s 198A (1)), clearly states that, ‘The business of a company is to be managed by or under the direction of the directors’.
K, . N., ER, w., DAVID, K., PAUL, M., WALTER, O., & EVANS, A. (2012). Corporate governance theories and their application to boards of directors: A critical literature review . Prime Journal of Business Administration and Management (BAM), 2(12)(2251-1261), 782-787.