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The influence of sport on politics and religion
Sport is a new religion
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Religion and Sport Final Essay:
Introduction
There are certain phenomena common throughout many different social, political and religious denominations – sport is one such phenomenon. By examining the dynamic, and often complex relationship between sport and religion as a whole, one can gain a deeper understanding of various religious values, and use sport as an overarching medium under which the comparison of different religions throughout history becomes possible. Religious studies are generally extremely complex, religions are not easily definably and the same religion may manifest in a number of different ways, depending on historical, geographical, and social context. The study of a single religion in itself is complex, but to simultaneously
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The movement was comprised of mostly conservative Christians who believed that through helping others discover Jesus, they would be fulfilling their duty of the Great Commission: to go into the world and teach the Gospel (Matthew 28:18-20). The evangelicals initially did not see the value of combining sport with religion. They believed that activities such as gambling often associated with sport, made sport an activity that clashed with their religious values (Ingle, and Sutera 2013, p.33). Early evangelists saw sport as an activity that detracts from religious and spiritual pursuits. However, evangelists in the Unites States began to see the value in using sport as a vessel to communicate their gospel to the masses. Sport became increasingly popular and the well-known athlete, Billy Sunday, an outfielder in the Nation League of baseball during the late 19th century, was a prevalent evangelist. Combining the values and popularity of sport with a religious message had been established with the advent of ‘muscular Christianity’ earlier in the 19th century, but, for the first time, sports were being used not only to foster desirable masculine characteristics in the Christian youth, but by evangelical Christians to as a medium through which they could spread their gospel. Billy Sunday combines the attractive elements associate …show more content…
Hughes is very careful to explain common problems and misconceptions prevalent in the study of world religions, with a special focus on Islam, in the introduction of his book, Muslim Identities: An Introduction to Islam. This is important as it prepares the reader mentally to consider Islam from a number of different perspectives, as the complex multifaceted religion it is. Hughes begins by pointing out the dichotomy between understanding Islam in a robust manner, and the normative approach, in which many scholars attempt to package all of Islam into one narrow characterization. Hughes writes that, “The goal of this book is not to choose one [definition of Islam] and hold it up as normative…” (Hughes 2013, p.3). He explains that the attempt to define a one true Islam is an erroneous modern phenomenon that wrongfully leads to oversimplification and generalization. Hughes believes that no one real static definition of Islam exists, rather Islam is and has been constantly shaped throughout space and history. The dynamic Islam that Hughes attempts to study shaped through inheritance and creation (Hughes 2013, p.3). The inheritance represents the passing down of Islamic teaching and culture from one generation to the next, and the creation involves the new generation reimagining and adapting those Islamic teachings to fit their current social and cultural constructs. In this way, Islam cannot fall into one certain normative, overarching definition; rather it must be
There are two declarations of faith in Islam: That there is only one God and that Muhammad is the Messenger of God. In Memories of Muhammad, Omid Safi explores the ways in which Muhammad – both the historical and spiritual Muhammad – is remembered, commemorated, and contested by Muslims throughout the centuries. Safi focuses on the movements and moments in Muhammad’s life and after his death that for many Muslims best exemplify the teachings of Islam. He succeeds in opening up the dialogue to correct the negative portrayals of Muhammad and the religion of Islam, calling it a “Muhammad problem” in his introduction. Furthermore, he provides a book that is accessible and intelligible to both Muslims and non-Muslims, drawing from historical and spiritual sources, and addresses relevant issues contested between Muslims in relation to other religions, presenting Muhammad as a historical figure and one who is beloved by the Umma.
During the late 80’s, Phil Alden Robinson developed a sensational story that revolved around a real life account of a sport tragedy. The viewers were immersed in a touching account of how sport, a social interest, can play a powerful role in human bonding; thus becoming a very spiritual component of life. It in itself has a profound effect on the societies’ spiritual experiences; and just like religion can respectfully be considered a form of spirituality for a modern society, as exemplified in Robinson’s movie ‘Field of Dreams’. This story resonates far beyond the power of dreams, its appeal lies in a vision of a perfect sport and the love for which can inadvertently resolve issues no matter how grand. The plot at first presents itself as a complex; or maybe even a strange series of events, but somehow its scenes string themselves into a moral about redemption and deep interpersonal bonds.
Research guided by conflict theory generally falls into the following categories: 1) studies of how athletes become alienated from their own bodies; 2) studies of how sports can be used to coerce and control people; 3) studies of sports and the development of commercialism in society; 4) studies of sports and various forms of nationalism and militarism; and 5) studies of sports and racism and sexism. (Coakley, 1998) In the book, Meggyesy provided examples of each of these categories which occurred during his footba...
Thomas W. Lippman gives an introduction to the Muslim world in the book Understanding Islam. He has traveled throughout the Islamic world as Washington Post bureau chief for the Middle East, and as a correspondent in Indochina. This gave him, in his own words, "sharp insight into the complexities of that turbulent region." However, the purpose of the book is not to produce a critical or controversial interpretation of Islamic scripture. It is instead to give the American layman an broad understanding of a religion that is highly misunderstood by many Americans. In this way he dispels many myths about "Muslim militants," and the otherwise untrue perception of Islamic violence. In this way the American reader will become more knowledgeable about an otherwise unfamiliar topic. However, the most significant element of Lippman’s book is that it presents Islam in a simple way that makes the reader feels his awareness rise after each chapter. This encourages him to continue learning about the world’s youngest major religion. Understanding Islam dispels many misconceptions about the Muslim world, and presents the subject in a way that urges his reader to further his understanding of Islam through continued study.
Islam is a monotheistic and Abrahamic religion alongside Judaism and Christianity. It is currently the second largest religion in the world today. Its beliefs come from the Qur'an which literally means "the recitation" which is believed to be a literal transcription of the word of God. Its main prophet is named Muhammad who began Islam by speaking with the angel Gabriel in a cave during his meditation and then acting as an instrument of God to help write the Qur’an. Muhammad then spread Islam to the scattered tribes of Arabia by becoming the leader of Yathrib and using his wonderful leadership abilities to then grow his influence over virtually all of Arabia. Muhammad is known by Muslims to be the seal of the profits because no profits after Muhammad should be considered legitimate. Muhammad also left behind the Hadith or “tradition” which is a collection of writings compiled of reports of Muhammad’s actions as leader of Yathrib. These reports are used as a more specific code of ethics in day to day life and from these reports the 5 Pillars of Islam are derived (Smith 160). Although Islam shares many similarities to Judaism and Christianity it is often viewed in the US with hate derived from preconceived notions following the attack on September 11th 2001. This paper seeks to provide an overview of Islam’s history as well as its two major sects and 5 main pillars to remove preconceived notions and provide a glance into the minds of the Islamic people.
Islam, a religion of people submitting to one God, seeking peace and a way of life without sin, is always misunderstood throughout the world. What some consider act of bigotry, others believe it to be the lack of education and wrong portrayal of events in media; however, one cannot not justify the so little knowledge that America and Americans have about Islam and Muslims. Historically there are have been myths, many attacks on Islam and much confusion between Islam as a religion and Middle Easter culture that is always associated with it. This paper is meant to dispel, or rather educate about the big issues that plague people’s minds with false ideas and this will only be touching the surface.
Rippin A. 1990, Muslims, Their Religious Beliefs and Practices Volume 1: The Formative Period, Routledge, London and New York.
Robinson, B.A. (2002, October 14). Islam: Is it a religion of violence or of peace.
Charles Prebish draws the conclusion that religion and sport are not just parallel, but they are a complete identity. He comes to this conclusion because he feels that there is more to the religious terminology that other authors suggested. Prebish says that fifty or more terms and phrases can expand the terminology, with little investigation. He also feels that most of the other authors share the vocabulary for both religion and sport, but have different meanings for each. He says in many cases there is no difference in meaning that each term carries for the two traditions. Prebish also gives us an example of two people, an athletic marathoner and the faithful churchgoer. The churchgoer seeks the glorious experience of God, while the marathoner pursues the “perfect run”, which in some cases can be an equally profound and religious experience. Prebish gives more examples of the identical similarities between religion and sport: sacred food, chants, personnel, seasonal rituals, etc. Although Prebish gives these examples of how identical these similarities are, I think the main point in his argument is that he is convinced through his work with athletes that it is possible to experience ultimate reality through sport, and that it happens regularly.
Dealing with the issue of sport and ethnology, three major factors come to mind; prejudice, racism, and discrimination. These factors span across gender, ethnic, racial, religious, and cultural groups. In the following paragraphs, I will discuss how these factors have played a part in the evolution of sport in our society. The first issue tackled in this paper will be racism in sports, followed by prejudice and discrimination.
G. Esposito, John L (2002) Islam; What Everyone Should Know. New York. Oxford University Press Inc.
Thirty, twenty, ten, touchdown, and the Redskins win! With that one play the mood of all those Redskins fans went through the roof and the moods of the opposing teams fans dropped. Fans across the nation follow every stat, every play, and every game of their favorite sports teams. If you ask any football fan what Sunday means they will probably reply football and drinking with the guys instead of church. Is it a good thing that people plan their lives around what time their teams’ play? When you base your life around a single sports team or a favorite athlete then it can be very problematic. Worship of sports teams and athletes is damaging to society; it can cause you to lose focus on your real goals, can lead to physiological problems, and can even lead to physical harm and violence. Worship of sports teams and athletes is damaging to society.
In theatrical terms a sporting event can be seen as a theatre; the stadium as the theatre building, the playing surface as the arena, the players as actors, the coach as the director, and the game as the performance. In a religious sense, the match is the religious ceremony, and the stadium as the temple. Some players are also held in such high regard as you can see fans worshiping them and describing them as gods. Not only does sport take language from elsewhere, but the language that has developed through sport has also found it’s way into other aspects of life.
How did sports "both reflect and influence" North Carolinian society from the late nineteenth century to the 1970s? During this era, athletics in college, basketball in particular, proved that many native-born citizens became Americans through participation in sports in which their accomplishments merited praise. Sports effectuated life lessons learned as well as cultural values, including teamwork and sportsmanship. Race and gender played an enormous role in the history of sports. In one historical moment from Pamela Grundy's book Learning to Win: Sports, Education, and Social Change in Twentieth-Century North Carolina, she writes about men's college athletics between 1880 and 1901.
Kenneth Jost. 2005. “Understanding Islam.” Annual Editions: Anthropology 11/12, 34th Edition. Elvio Angeloni. New York: McGraw-Hill Higher Education.