1) What is critical reasoning, and how can it be applied to ethical issues involving cyber technology? It is a process in which knowledge and experience are applied to various alternatives in consideration in order to achieve the desired objective. It is a process that involves both inductive as well as deductive cognitive skills. Critical thinking is considered as inherent in making sound clinical reasoning. As critical reasoning and thinking make use of logical arguments they most probably lead one towards the evidence of any issue and help one to get down to the root cause of the problem. Hence it becomes a very crucial as well as vital part of the process that is constructed to resolve an ethical violation issue related to cyber technology. 4) What role or purpose do arguments play in helping us to resolve issues in cyber ethics? An argument has three important attributes that makes it extremely significant where the solution of an ethical issue is considered. These characteristics are: An argument is a form of reasoning It is comprised of claims such as statements or assertions Its aim is to establish a conclusion based on evidence which is supported by one or more claims 13) What is the Ad Hominem Fallacy? Provide an example of this fallacy in the context of cyber ethics. It is a form of argument where an attack is intended towards the person rather than the substance of the argument made by that individual. Sometimes the attacker resorts towards a bit of sarcasm which is also directed towards the one being attacked. It can be considered as the logical fallacy of attempting to undermine the speaker’s argument by means of attacking the speaker instead of addressing the argument 14) What is the Slippery Slope Fallacy? Pr... ... middle of paper ... .... In this example there is a fallacy that it might not be true that the singer of the album has 5 million fans or not. Therefore, this argument does not prove that album is a record or not. 20) What is the Virtuality Fallacy? Provide an example of this fallacy in the context of cyber ethics. There are different forms of the virtuality fallacy which are stated below: X is present in the cyberspace and the cyberspace is virtual. The conclusion of this will be that X and the effect of the X are not real and are imaginary. There are many people that defend the online techniques like the launching of the viruses and entering in the computer systems of other people in an unauthorized way. These people believe that these activities have no harm to the people. This means that if harm is not physical then it will not be real. Therefore there is a fallacy in the virtuality.
Ethics of technology is one important aspect of ethics and is required to answer all the ethical questions which are specific to the technological age. Ethics of technology can also be defined as “Cyber-ethics”. The main reason for the existence of cyber-ethics is to examine the impact that cyber related crimes has for our social, legal and moral systems. Cyber ethics can also help us in calculating the social policies and laws that we frame with respect to issues...
Deborah Tannen, the author of “The Argument Culture”, is good at persuading persons. She persuades readers, pointing problems of tradition debate that most people following without thinki...
* The Aims of Argument. 4th ed Ed.Timothy W. Crusius and Carolyn E. Channell. New York:McGraw Hill,2003, 352-355.
The six steps of the model are as follows: Identify the ethical dilemma, collect information, state the options, apply ethical principles to those options, make the decision, and implement the decision (Beemsterboer, 2010). The first step is to identify the ethical dilemma, which Beemsterboer describes as the most critical step in the model. To identify the ethical dilemma, one must recognize that the problem is an ethical dilemma with no one clear answer, and expound upon what the ethical question is. The next step is to collect information about the situation and values involved “as a basis for an informed decision.” (Beemsterboer, 2010, para. 8). After defining the ethical dilemma and gathering information about it, one must then state as many options as possible which may resolve the problem (Beemsterboer, 2010). Due to that fact that more than one decision may remedy an ethical dilemma, it is important to discuss all available options to better understand all angles of the situation and how to deal with as many of them as possible. Once all alternatives have been stated, each must be weighed against ethical principles. Beemsterboer suggests in the discussion of each option a list of pros and cons be made to demonstrate how the option may protect of violate ethical principles and values (2010).?? After analyzing each alternative it is much easier
As we know fallacies are used very often in our lives. Ad Hominem fallacy is not an exception. Lately, in Democrat's governor nominee election, I noticed an Ad Hominem fallacy happened between Phil Angelides and Steve Westley. They used each other personal life and their investments against each other instead of proving each other wrong by scientific proofs. The environment was the subject of many exchanges TV ads between them.
Critically review the evidence to assess its validity (is the information established correct, does it ha...
Critical thinking is a process of applying various skills to analyze information. Critical thinking uses rationality to distinguish between emotion and fact. This paper will discuss the definition of critical thinking, and the skills it takes to think critically. It will also provide an example of critical thinking applied to my current working environment. Finally this paper will discuss the importance and benefits of critical thinking in the decision-making processes.
First of all, if a crime doesn't result in a physical loss, can it even be considered a crime? Theft on the web is, in actuality, the theft of an idea. If an idea is placed on the web, is it not open for everyone to see, experience, or even take? Is a rape in cyberspace really a rape if there is no physical contact? Author James Harrington says "This attempt to censor cyberspeech raises two major constitutional problems: Can the government limit access to sexually explicit information on the internet to adults who want it, and, if so, who decides what is 'offensive' and thus punishable?" (Harrington 157). It is true that these cyber crimes and their outcomes cross the line from VR to RL in the sense of emotion for many. People have been made to feel violated by other users many times, and one good example of this is shown in Julian Dibbell's essay "A Rape in Cyberspace". Criminals, such as Mr. Bungle, have their fun and log off, leaving other users in a state of victimization. These virtual criminals should be punished, but how can users defend themselves until a means of punishment is decided upon?
Pathos, logos, and ethos are the three main items people look for in an argument,
The Internet has received a great deal of attention in the media lately due to its tremendous
...puter technology are rooted in the general ethical issues that people in society deal with. For example, the ethical issues such as invasion of privacy, theft, and fraud have been around since human beings began interacting with each other. The fact is that elements of these ethical issues are not unique to the computer field or computer technology. These current technologies raise the same ethical dilemmas with conditions that are unique to computer and cyber technology. This explains why we general ethical issue are such as privacy, theft and fraud are reexamined as informational privacy, identity theft and computer fraud in computer technology.
Novakovic, J. (2012). Responsibility in Application of ICT as Legal, Moral and Ethical Issues. Retrieved from http://ieeexplore.ieee.org.libaccess.hud.ac.uk/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=6419151
...the responsibility to protect young children with various means because experiences like cyberbullying can traumatize children both physically and mentally for the rest of their lives. Consequently, it is worth noticing that multifaceted education of each individual is a primary way of militating against the detrimental phenomenon of cyberbullying, which enhances aggressive behaviour and threatens social prosperity.
Critical thinking means accurate thinking in the search of appropriate and dependable knowledge about the world. Another way to describe it is sensible, insightful, responsible, and skillful thinking that is focused on deciding what to believe or do. Critical thinking is not being able to process information well enough to know to stop for red lights or whether you established the right change at the supermarket.
Critical thinking regularly involves the capability to interpret information and make knowledgeable decisions based on such information. Additionally, problem solving is frequently theorised as the use of critical thinking skills towards the effective solution of a specific problem or towards a specific end goal. Critical thinking is the disciplined art of ensuring that you use the best thinking you are capable of in any set of circumstances. The general goal of thinking is to figure out some situation” (Critical Thinking, 2001, p.1), solve some problem, answer some questions, or resolve some issue. It also is a process in which a person pursuits reliable and pertinent information about the world. Critical thinking is often described as reasonable, ruminative, trustworthy, and a well-practiced form of thinking that assists people with deciding what they should believe in and what actions should be taken. A practiced critical thinker will ask good questions, collects pertinent data, categorizes common characteristics, logically reasons with the new data and then he or she will come to a trustworthy and dependable conclusion. Critical thinking makes use of many processes and procedures. Some processes include but is not limited to asking questions, making judgments, and identifying