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Influences on freud for psychoanalytic analysis on literature
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Psychoanalytic Criticism Introduction The psychoanalyst Sigmund Freud spent much of his life exploring the workings of the unconscious. Freud's work has influenced society in ways which we take for granted. When we speak of Freudian slips or look for hidden causes behind irrational behavior, we are using aspects of Freudian analysis. Many literary critics have also adopted Freud's various theories and methods. In order to define Freudian literary criticism, we will examine how various critics approach Freud's work. We will pay special attention to issues of creativity , author psychology , and psycho-biography . Creativity and neurosis Many of us may be familiar with the notion that creativity is intertwined with repression and pain. We may look at the paintings of Van Gogh as a recording of his descent into madness. Both the literary critic Lionel Trilling and Freud have written on the connection between the unconscious and artistic production. In The Liberal Imagination, Trilling writes of the "mechanisms by which art makes its effects" (53). Trilling suggests that these "mechanisms" make the thoughts of the unconscious more acceptable to the conscious, and he refers to "mechanisms" such as the "condensations of meanings and the displacement of accent" (53). The processes of "condensation" and "displacement" are both described by Freud in The Interpretation of Dreams: thoughts and images in dreams may have more than one meaning, Freud says, and one thought or image may be transferred onto another one, possibly because the mind finds the second thought or image more acceptable than the first one. Freud labels the former process "condensation" and the latter one "displacement." Freud devised these terms for hi... ... middle of paper ... ... by the roles and portrayals of women in society. Works Cited Freud, Sigmund. The Interpretation of Dreams. Ed. and trans. James Strachey. New York: Basic Books, 1965. Irigaray, Luce. "Another 'Cause'--Castration." Feminisms. Ed. Robyn R. Warhol and Diane Price Herndl. New Brunswick: Rutgers Univ. Press, 1991. 404-12. Frederick, Karl. "Introduction to the Danse Macabre: Conrad's Heart of Darkness." Heart of Darkness: A Case Study in Contemporary Criticism. Ed. Ross C. Murfin. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1989. 123-138. Murfin, Ross C. "Psychoanalytic Criticism and Heart of Darkness." Heart of Darkness: A Case Study in Contemporary Criticism. Ed. Ross C. Murfin. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1989. 113- 123. Trilling, Lionel. The Liberal Imagination. New York: Viking, 1950. Wilson, Edmund. The Wound and the Bow. New York: Oxford UP, 1947.
Watts, Cedric. 'Heart of Darkness.' The Cambridge Companion to Joseph Conrad. Ed. J.H. Stape. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1996. 45-62.
Hepatitis is the inflammation or swelling of the liver. The inflammation can happen from different injuries or viral forms of a disease. People who experience hepatitis have the symptoms of malaise, nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, fever and jaundice. There are six known forms of Hepatitis which are Hepatitis A, Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C, Hepatitis D, Hepatitis E and Hepatitis G. The presence of hepatitis in the body can be very risky and cause severe death if not taken care of. Hepatitis is a severe issue that affect many people around the world like third world countries and cross contamination can occur mainly in health care places due to the exposure of patients with the disease and accidents handling blood or instruments, Hepatitis A,B,C,D,E and G are distinct diseases that differ in transmission and vaccines to prevent them or cure them.
As chronic viral hepatitis has a high prevalence in patients with HIV, clinicians should assess the risk of development of hepatotoxicity in these patients whenever HAART is initiated.7
Joseph Conrad: Heart of Darkness, A Case Study in Contemporary Criticism , ed. Ross C. Murfin. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1989.
Barry, Peter. "Psychoanalytic criticism." Beginning Theory: an Introduction to Literary and Cultural Theory. 3rd ed. Manchester: Manchester UP, 2009. 92-115. Print.
One dynamic of Sigmund Freud’s psychoanalytical practice of study is dreams and the implicit meanings they may hold. He even wrote a book on this fascination called, The Interpretation of Dreams, where he strategically dissected each of the mind’s processes while in the resting state, that are commonly referred to as dreams (Cervone & Pervin, 2013). He distinctively linked dreams with workings by the unconscious mind, which is the deepest level of thinking, where it possesses thoughts and processes that the individual may not even be aware of their existence. Sometimes these containments can be accessed, but not usually, only in special circumstances like hypnosis. The unconscious is also significant because it contains symbols, which may be
Kehily, M. J. 2014. Understanding childhood: an introduction to some key themes and issues. [e-book] Available through: online https://www.mcgraw-hill.co.uk/openup/chapters/0335212689.pdf [Accessed: 20 Mar 2014].
* Conrad, Joseph. “Heart of Darkness” in The Norton Anthology of English Literature, M.H. Abrams, general editor. (London: W.W. Norton, 1962, 2000)
Condensation states that an element of the manifest content can draw more than one latent thought, and that one latent thought can be derived from more than one element of the manifest content. Realization of desire usually takes place through the condensation of two contradictory latent thoughts. This is exemplified through Freud’s dream, since the caress under the table from the dream reminds him of a similar instance with his wife while courting her and a contradictory instance where they were separated for a day during the courting process. Both instances indicate a desire for attention from his wife. ‘Dreams never utter the alternate either-or, but accept both as having equal right to the same
During the transition from the nineteenth to the twentieth century, a psychologist named Sigmund Freud welcomed the new age with his socially unacceptable yet undoubtedly intriguing ideologies; one of many was his Psychoanalytic Theory of Dreams. Freud believed that dreams are the gateway into a person’s unconscious mind and repressed desires. He was also determined to prove his theory and the structure, mechanism, and symbolism behind it through a study of his patients’ as well as his own dreams. He contended that all dreams had meaning and were the representation of a person’s repressed wish. While the weaknesses of his theory allowed many people to deem it as merely wishful thinking, he was a brilliant man, and his theory on dreams also had many strengths. Freud’s theories of the unconscious mind enabled him to go down in history as the prominent creator of Psychoanalysis.
Hepatitis C affects millions of Americans — some of them unknowingly (adultvaccination.org; Facts about Hep B)
Many critics believe that using a psychological criticism approach to understand an author’s literary work leaves common sense behind. For them, such analysis disregards the environment in which an author created their work, as well as disregarding that men and women read differently. One of the main critics of such approach, Karl Popper, states that the creators of psychoanalysis such as Sigmund Freud and Carl Marx “couched their theories in terms which made them amenable only to confirmation.“ What that means is that for Popper, considered one of the greatest philosophers of science in the 20th century, psychoanalysis is a pseudoscience because its statements cannot be testable, thus not falsifiable. When a theory cannot be falsifiable, it ends up representing only one side of the spectrum, because if one states, for example, that Emily Dickinson’s poetry is filled with remarks of her childhood and confined adulthood, there would be no counter argument to refute such statement.
For many years abstinence has been regulation among the united states for teaching teens about sex. Students are not taught how contraceptives work, where to buy them, how to get checked for stds and other valuable information that people who have sex should know. Instead, the educators decide that just telling the student body not to do it would cause some magical thinking upon the kids, creating them not to participate in sexual activities. What these schools fail to realize is that it is not about what they want the teens to do, its about what the teens are going to feel obligated to do. The schools fail to see how poorly abstinence really works, how poorly it teaches sexualy active teens to be protected, and how poorly it prepares students for potential STDs and pregnancies.
Two approaches to formal sex education with abstinence have risen to popularity in the U.S., Sexual Risk Avoidance Education (SRA) and Comprehensive Sexuality Education. Both approaches encourage abstinence as the best way to prevent teen pregnancy, but each approach the formal sex education part a little differently. Sexual Risk Avoidance Education tries to normalize abstinence as a way to avoid sexually risky behavior while also providing relevant medically correct information about contraception, teen pregnancy, STDs and reproduction. The program aims at encouraging academic focuses over sexual behaviors. Comprehensive Sexuality Education still teaches about abstinence as a very effective way of preventing teen pregnancies and STIs, but
Abstinence-only sex education is becoming an increasingly less popular choice for sex education because it is ineffective, does more harm than good, and in terms of success of achieving its goal, it pales in comparison to comprehensive