The sixth most common cancer in the world is prostate cancer. African American men of the United States are said to have the highest rates. According to Dr. Henrik Grönberg, there are dietary factors that are associated with prostate cancer. High intakes of fat, meat, and dairy products, a western lifestyle, are associated with prostate cancer. In addition, products that are tomato-based are associated with the reduced risk of prostate cancer. Other studies have also suggested that men who had high intakes of lycopene had a 16% lower risk than men who had a lower intake (Grönberg, 2003).
Flavonoids can be found within the Plantae kingdom. Isoflavonoids are specifically found within the Leguminosae subfamily of Papilonoideae. From a genetic approach, Isoflavonoids (formed form flavones) have been proven to play a role in disease resistance. Isoflavonoids are said to exhibit estrogenic, antiangiogenic, and antioxidant characteristics, as well as anticancer activities. Therefore people are using Isoflavonoids as dietary supplements. Soybean contains major sources of isoflavones, such as genistein. Reduced risks of prostate cancer have been linked to the consumption of soy isoflavones in epidemiological studies
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(Dixon & Sumner, 2003). Tea polyphenols are strong antioxidants.
The major catechins found in tea are EGCG, EGC, ECG, and EC. Previous studies have shown that they inhibit expressions of carcinogen activating enzymes and increase enzyme levels that detoxify carcinogens. In addition, studies have shown that tea polyphenols inhibit carcinogen-induced DNA damage in some cell lines. Other studies have shown that tea constituents inhibit cancer development and reduce the risk in animal models of stomach, colon, liver, skin, breast, and prostate cancer. In a study, extracts from tea exhibited a dose-dependent protection of Chang liver cells. In a co-treatment consisting of EGCG and bleomycin there was 50% decrease in comparison to the treatment of bleomycin alone. (Yang, et al,
2009). Based on epidemiological studies, tomato product consumption is associated with prostate cancer risk production. Lycopene, a primary carotenoid found in tomatoes, is the most potent. Tomatoes contain up to 85% of lycopene. Consuming 2-4 servings/week of raw tomatoes has been associated with a 26% risk reduction of prostate cancer compared to no servings/week. Men with a high lycopene intake were said to have a 21% risk reduction compared to men with a low lycopene intake. Studies have also shown that lycopene has decreased tumor expressions in rats, induced cell-cycle arrests, and increased gap junction communication between cells. In addition, lycopene has shown that it dose-dependently decrease cyclin D1, a protein that regulates G1 to S phase in the cell cycle (Campbell, et al, 2004). The Asian diet is considered “healthy” due to the fact that the food they eat are rich in polyphenols, flavonoids, and other phytochemicals that demonstrate chemopreventive activities. The synergy between low-dose phytochemicals may be the reason healthy diets aid in cancer prevention. EGCG, genistein, and quercetin have shown that they have anti-prostate cancer activities. They also have attributes that are non-overlapping. In this study, the three phytochemicals showed synergy in growth suppression. In addition, single treatments and combined treatments showed significant reduction of cell proliferation (Hsieh & Wu, 2009). Cancer prevention is commonly associated with the consumption of green tea. When compared to the increase of green tea intake, the risk of cancer is inversely effected according to epidemiological observations. The catechins in green tea are attributed to cancer prevention. (-)-Epigallacatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) is said to be the most effective chemopreventive agent out of the four main catechins found in green tea. EGCG is considered a multiple-targeted anticancer agent due to its ability to inhibit multiple targets in the initiation, promotion, and progression of cancers (Chen & Zhang, 2007). Tea polyphenols are considered as chemopreventive agents due to their association with populations that have a lower incidence of prostate cancer. Also, reports show that tea polyphenols inhibit proliferation and apoptosis in prostate cancer cells are increased will in culture. Animal studies have shown that combining the phytochemicals are more effective than single treatments. In earlier studies, soy phytochemicals caused tumor growth inhibition and metastasis to the lymph nodes. (Zhou, et al, 2003). It is estimated by ACS that 1 in 6 men will be diagnosed with prostate cancer within their lifetime. Also, that 1 in 36 men will die from it. Research is now focusing on a therapeutic approach that uses phytochemicals as a preventative method in fighting chronic diseases. Genistein, an isoflavones, has been shown to be a major phytochemical with chemopreventive characteristics. It has shown to demonstrate various anticancer properties. Being the most common form of phytoestrogen, isoflavones are found in plants, with soy having the most abundant (Merchant, et al, 2012).
In this experiment, both BALB/c and C3H mice are induced with azoxymethane (AOM) and dextran sodium sulphate (DSS). The inflammation is caused by the administration of dextran sodium sulphate to the drinking water of the mice. While azoxymethane induction plays a role in the development to colon cancer. In this project, the development of colon cancer through the inflammation pathway is being researched. The process first starts with the of inflammation foci. Over time, it develops into hyperplasia due to the increasing capacity of cell proliferation.
According to Michael Pollan, the best way to eat healthily is to grow fresh vegetables. Pollan’s documentary effectively contributes evidence that eating mostly plants is naturally beneficial and prevents disease. In an experiment conducted by Steven O’Keefe, data reveals that colon cancer is more common in the United States than in Africa. The documentary simply states that the people of Africa eat mostly plants. Michael Pollan suggests that the lack of plant foods in the American diet causes a lack of fiber intake. After collecting this data, Steven O’Keefe swaps the diet of an African and American. This study eventually exposed that more vegetables in a diet can support colon health and prevent colon cancer. When stated so logically, Michael Pollan convinces the viewer that eating “mostly plants” is a necessary change for our health. He argues that historically, eating plants have been naturally healthy to various cultures and has potential to raise the well being of America.
"Red meat and colon cancer." Harvard Health Publications. Harvard, Mar. 2008. Web. 1 Apr. 2014.
Zenka, D. (2012, October 05). African Americans: At Higher Risk for Prostate Cancer. Prostate Cancer Foundation (PCF). Retrieved May 25, 2016
For these reasons, minorities often put off the expense of seeing a doctor until they have advanced disease and are past being easily treated. A lack of education, rural or inner city residence, unemployment, and low literacy rate may also contribute to higher cancer mortality rates for some communities. In several studies researchers investigates whether socioeconomic status is the reason for the disparity in prostate cancer incidence, where African Americans and Non- Hispanic Whites are the top two candidates for prostate cancer. Some results found that the highest level of cancer incidence was positively correlated with low socioeconomic status (Cheng, et al.,
Saturated fat and cholesterol and an increased risk of heart disease. Fiber and a reduced risk of cancer. Fruit, vegetables and grain products that contain fiber and a reduced risk of heart disease.
Although chemotherapy is an effective treatment for cancer, patients still suffer from side effects such as hair loss. Thus, more studies need to be done to find alternative medications that do not have side effects. Folk medicine is one option used to treat many diseases such as hepatitis B, bacterial infection and parasitic infection (Ahmad et al., 2013). For instance, black seeds (black cumin) showed effects on cardiovascular disease because of the presence of the Thymoquinone component (Ahmad et al., 2013, Khan et al., 2011). Thymoquinone (TQ) has anti-inflammatory, anti-bacterial and anti-cancer properties (Ahmad et al., 2013). Therefore, black seeds limit the replication of the abnormal WBCs that contain the leukemia. In previous studies, derivatives of black seeds were used against myeloid leukemia (Khan et al., 2011), but this study is focusing on the effects of black seeds themselves.
"Global Dietary Changes Threaten Health." World Health Federation. Medtronic Foundation, n.d. Web. 30 Nov. 2013. .
It is said to bring down the danger of lethal heart sicknesses and can battle disease. Researchers are mindful of the way that the opposition to oxidants exhibit in loose green tea can battle against tumor. As indicated by late disclosure, it has been assembled that a few chemicals in green can disturb a particle that is in charge of the advancement of tumor. Green tea helps in weight reduction, supports the insusceptibility, diminishes cholesterol levels, glucose, and hypertension, counteracts tooth rot, and has different profits also. Drinking natural loose leaf tea from the high end tea brands can be useful for the wellbeing for various reasons. Research has demonstrated that the opposition to viral and hostile to bacterial operators in natural tea keeps some regular viral infections and tooth rot. It additionally helps in processing and unwinds the
The poor food choices that men and women make is the cause of many illnesses, disease and chronic health conditions. Men and women generally have different thoughts and choices on the topic of healthy food. People’s bad health may be genetically occurred or their exposure to their past nutritional education was not helpful, but their bad health is primarily based upon the poor choices that the individuals choose in daily life.
In Japanese Americans, stomach cancer has been one of the higher reported cancers among them. Compared to Non-Hispanic Whites, with the males, 16.6% has been reports compared to 5.8%. With the females, 10.2% has been reported compared to 2.8%. Stomach cancer is higher among the men and the causes can be due to eating nitrite/nitrate rich foods and high intake of salt, for example, cured meat, fish and pickled vegetables. Their daily intake on food consists of rice, miso soup and pickles. For the protein, it would be fish, chicken, beef or pork. Their everyday meals consist of a salty dish or some form of salt in their dish with a pickled side dish. Because of their traditional and basic meals, the rates on stomach cancer are higher compared
Herbal remedies’ qualities are widespread availability, lower cost, effective for chronic conditions. Herbal remedies are the use of plants or plant extract to treat a person’ overall health. Herbal treatments are prominent for developing countries for instance, “in Africa up to 90% and in India 70% of the population depend on traditional medicine to help meet their health care needs” (Wachtel-Galor & Benzie, 2011), due to their low cost and availability. Herbal remedies have gained attention in the past decades, and expanding their uses due to the increased interest of natural therapies (Wachtel-Galor & Benzie, 2011). Herbs used on the remedies grow in the wild throughout the world, therefore making it easy to
The first thing I am going to talk about is Cancer. There are certain foods that you should try and avoid in order to decrease your risk of getting cancer. According to the Mayo Clinic they suggest that you eat plenty of fruits and vegetables. Along with other foods that will come from plant sources. Whole grains and beans are another good source of food that you should eat. They recommend that we should limit our fat intake. Eat lighter and leaner by picking out fewer high – fat foods, especially the ones that are from animal ...
Alexander, D. D. (2010). A review and meta-analysis of prospective studies of red and processed meat intake and prostate cancer. Nutrition Journal, 50.
Weight control is a concern of most individuals, and as a person ages weight becomes more difficult to manage. When this problem occurs, the majority of people look to exercise or diet change for answer. In order to manage one’s weight a person must eat fewer calories than they expend, which can be completed by consuming foods with lower energy density, high fiber, and high water content. When it comes to research and diet it is common knowledge that fruits and vegetables are superior in nutrition when compared to the other food groups. According to the Center for Disease Control, “consuming a diet high in fruits and vegetables is associated with lower risks for numerous chronic diseases including cancer and cardiovascular disease” (Can, n.d.,