To properly use the tools, one must adequately comply to the rules. Such as that, are the bindings of sociological research. Sociological research, being a very important topic of study being as it pertains to society of both modern day and the past, requires accuracy as it may be the foundation for many conclusions and further research beyond such conclusion. When it comes to sociological research, regardless of the focused segment of study, there are rules and tools to ensure reliability and credibility. However, much like how a pickaxe cannot properly be used in place of a shovel, the tools of research, more properly known as research methods, have their proper application and can also potentially be used in the wrong ways.
Knowledge and
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Causation is something in which has been proven to be a cause to a specific effect. An example of causations would be how light, whether from a bulb or a flame, can directly effect a distance with heat. A correlation on the other hand is more along the lines of a suggestion that may reign true at times, but not all the time and thus cannot be rendered factual or causal. An example of a correlation might be how for some, drinking and driving can lead to a DWI, but in some cases, there are individuals who drink all the time actually tend to focus and drive better under the …show more content…
It includes an Introduction, five principles, and the specific Ethical Standards. The code also presents guidelines for dealing with unethical conduct in sociological practice. Membership to the ASA implies adherence to this code, and sociologists are often required to sign this code of ethics within their respective institutions. Broadly, the five principles of the code include guidelines for professional competence, outlining how sociological practitioners must strive to the highest level of work, remain humble in their expertise and acknowledge their limitations, only embarking in research they are qualified for, through training and education. Sociologists must strive to the highest level of integrity, and must remain honest in their research and in their professional activities. They must not engage in activities that are harmful for others, for their research, or for the discipline. Professional and scientific responsibilities include adherence to the high scientific standards of the discipline, and respecting the work of other sociologists despite potential theoretical disagreements. Sociologists must respect the rights and dignity of all cultures, peoples or societies. They must be aware of their scientific responsibility to the communities and societies in which they live and work, and publicly disseminate their unbiased
In Criminal law, causation is one of the elements of a cause of action, which is an inquiry on the damage that is caused by the defendant. A criminal liability that requires a precise outcome might cause a causation problem. Additionally, a problem might arise if the action of the defendant causes the required outcome such as a death of a victim. Furthermore, cases of homicide can influence an emergence of causation problems.
Dillon, Michele. Introduction to Sociological Theory: Theorists, Concepts, and Their Applicability to the Twenty-first Century. Chichester, U.K.: Wiley-Blackwell, 2010. Print.
Growing up in Nottingham allowed me the great privilege of experiencing a diverse childhood, meeting people from all walks of life and living in a strong tight-nit community. I came to know many people who could be considered ‘under-privileged’ due to their cultural and economic background along. I have always asked myself the question “Why?”, Why are these people where they are? Why can’t they escape it. As I grew and matured I began to gain a greater understanding particularly from my study of sociology. The more I learn, the harder I find it to remain impersonal on the issues our society faces and before I had even realised it, I had developed fierce passion for social action and change.
In order to understand the production of sociological knowledge one must first examine the thought processes that lay behind each piece of research. Before a particular subject matter is researched, the researcher firstly makes certain assumptions about that matter. These assumptions differ dependent on the theoretical approach that is taken. They can be divided into three logical areas, namely ontology, epistemology and methodology.
The Ethical Standards set forth enforceable rules for conduct as psychologists who are members of the American Psychological Association. Most of the Ethical Standards are written broadly, in order to apply to psychologists in varied roles, although the application of an Ethical Standard may vary depending on the context. The Ethical Standards are not exhaustive. The fact that a given conduct is not specifically addressed by an Ethical Standard does not mean that it is necessarily either ethical or unethical. This Ethics Code applies only to psychologists' activities that are part of their scientific, educational, or professional roles as
Social psychology centres on a subject or person who has universal characteristics which can be studied independently of the social context.
For decades there have been many questions that sociologists generally ask themselves when examining a social phenomenon. One well known sociologists is C. Wright Mills. Mills came up with the concept of sociological imagination. It is used to describe the ability of individuals to think away from routines that they are used to in everyday life and look at them from an entirely new perspective. Using this concept, mills applied it to asking and answering imaginative thoughts of sociological questions. Mills came up with three questions that many thinkers have consistently asked in their investigations of humanity and society. The three questions are what is the structure of this particular society as a whole? , where does this society stand
Sociology is very complicated, it’s full of terms that can be misinterpreted. For example, social location is interpreted several ways. The most common it the assumption that it’s where you live, in actuality, it’s who you are, your social class, education, gender, race, ethnicity, and the culture. Your social location is affected, by sociological perspective, Henslin (2015) notes, “sociological perspective which stresses the social contexts where people live” (p. 2). As humans, we have to overcome social challenges every day some of us more than other.
When studying in the field of Sociology everyone is going to approach topics in a different manner. No two people are going to have the exact same view on a particular subject. There are however, three major categories in which people might choose to approach topics. The approaches are know as sociological perspectives and are the functionalist, conflict, and interactionist perspectives. These perspectives name different ways in which different people choose to analyze a subject, and how they look at a society as a whole. The following paragraphs compare and contrast the three, and identify major characteristics of each.
Correlation simply measures the degree that two arbitrary measures vary together from the average, therefore, it does not measure similarity. Simply put, correlation does not in itself imply causation. For instance a correlation between the number of ice creams bought and cases of sunburn does not mean causation between the two. Rationale deciphers that warm weather is the causation (Richardson, K., 1991). Cooper (1999) draws to attention that the correlations have a “positive manifold” e.g. if you imagine the correlations as vectors, they all emerge from the same
Like any other science, psychology is concerned with theories and data. Psychologists use a wide range of research methods and techniques that allow them to gather and make sense of the data that they produce. The methods that psychologists use to research and analyse the experience and behaviours of individuals or groups are called psychological research methods. This essay will be investigating and analysing three research methods to include; experimental, observational and surveys, also, reflecting on their strengths and weaknesses of each in addition to their usefulness in the psychology field.
In this paper, I will define quantitative and qualitative research methods and provide examples in the context of social issues which will hopefully provide insight into how this methods are properly applied.
Social psychology is all about influence. It’s the scientific study of how people’s thoughts, feelings, and behavior are influenced by other people. Social psychologists study social influence by different means of research methods - the observational method, correlational method, and experimental method. These methods are crucial for researchers because they each serve a different purpose, and differ in validity. Each method holds strengths and weakness and is used to explore different areas of behaviors.
When two or more variables move in sympathy with the other, then they are said to be correlated. If both variables move in the same direction, then they are said to be positively correlated. If the variables move in opposite direction, then they are said to be negatively correlated. If they move haphazardly, then there is no correlation between them. Correlation analysis deals with the following:
Surveys are an effective and popular method for research because of the efficiency, versatility and generalizability. Generalizability is the ability to sample and draw research conclusions for large populations (Bachman & Schutt, 2012). In order to effectively maximize outcomes in survey research, surveys must be structured to avoid unclear or confusing questions. Demographic related questions should be avoided if not pertinent to the research study (Bachman & Schutt, 2012). Generally, the motivation of the researcher is clearly identified in a survey, and the respondent has the option of declining involvement in the survey. There are fewer ethical dilemmas with survey research than other types of research methods.