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Project life cycle and organisation
An essay on project life cycle
Structure of project life cycle
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Introduction: Project Planning and development Lifecycle is one of the most critical and sensitive aspects of organization that can have direct impact on productivity, efficiency and reputation of the organizations. Therefore, in order to complete the project development in an effective and optimized manner, it is important that special focus is made on issues and factors that lead to failed or over-expensed projects. Therefore, one of the most common concerns of project managers is regarding the factors leading to project failures, costs higher that allocated, and wastage of resources. Considering the importance of Project Planning and development lifecycle, respective paper will describe that Often projects fail due to incapability of not planning and estimating the project requirements, specifications and costs in an effective and efficient manner that could lead to successful scheduling of the project. In order to overcome these issues and deficiencies, project managers must understand the important of planning that includes detailed requirement analysis, feasibility analysis and identification of specification before initiating the project. Careful planning leads to successful, cost efficient and optimized accomplishment of the projects on time. Moreover, in order to accomplish the project successfully, it must be understood that “Deficient requirements are the single biggest cause of software project failure” [3]. Therefore, special concentration must be paid on proper planning and scheduling. This serves for the process control that “addresses the team's capability to execute according to plan” [3]. During the planning process, three factors must be considered significantly that include: knowledge, resource and the specif... ... middle of paper ... ...adly sins of project planning. IEEE Software, 18(5), 5-7. 3. Hofmann, H. F., & Lehner, F. (2001). Requirements engineering as a success factor in software projects. IEEE software, 18(4), 58-66. 4. Davison, J., Mackinnon, T., & Royle, M. (2004, June). The slacker's guide to project tracking or spending time on more important things. In Agile Development Conference, 2004 (pp. 127-136). IEEE. 5. Stutzke, R. D. (2005). Estimating software-intensive systems: projects, products, and processes. Pearson Education. 6. Boehm, B., & Chulani, S. (2000). Software Engineering Economics. Annals of Software Engineering, 10(1-4), 177-205. 7. Reifer, D. J. (2000). Web development: estimating quick-to-market software. IEEE software, 17(6), 57-64. 8. Laranjeira, L. A. (1990). Software size estimation of object-oriented systems. Software Engineering, IEEE Transactions on, 16(5), 510-522.
The project is going I am working is almost in the finish stage it is going into the production phase means getting to the live so that the users can able to use the application. After the developing the total code it will go to the testing phase where the testers will check the code is working properly without any errors actually the testers task is to check the code and submit to the developers if they found any errors or mistakes or else they will send the code to the production phase to deploy in the server to check the application.
Sommerville, I. and Sawyer, P. (2000) Requirements Engineering: A good practice guide. Chichester: Lancaster University.
Flynn, Donal J.; "Information Systems Requirements: Determination and Analysis"; McGraw-Hill Book Company; 1992Parnas; 1985; taken from: Sherer, Susan A.; "Software Failure Risk – Measurement and Management"; Plenum Press; 1992Jones, Carpers; "Patterns of Software Systems Failure and Success"; Thomson computer press; 1996Neumann, Peter G.; "Computer Related Risks"; Addison-Wesley publishing company; 1995Petroski, Henry; "To Engineer is Human"; MacMillan Publishing; 1985Flowers, Stephen; "Software failure: management failure"; Chichester: John Wiley and Sons; 1996.Report of the Inquiry into the London Ambulance Service; February 1993. Simpson, Moira (1994); "999!: My computers stopped breathing !"; The Computer Law and Security Report, 10; March – April; pp 76-81Dr. Dobbs Journal; January 1997 edition<a href="http://catless.ncl.ac.uk/Risks">http://catless.ncl.ac.uk/Risks<a href="http://www.scit.wlv.ac.uk ">http://www.scit.wlv.ac.uk <a href="http://www.bbc.co.uk/news">http://www.bbc.co.uk/news<a href="http://abcnews.go.com/sections/travel">http://abcnews.go.com/sections/travel
“Our plans miscarry because they have no aim. When a man does not know what harbor he is making for, no wind is the right wind” a famous quote about our goal by Seneca. It is a metaphor about the achievement goal and objectives by good planning skills. One has to plan for what one wants to achieve and where one wants to go. One of the most important things is to have good planning, before taking any project the first think you should do is to create project plan. Planning can be defined as preparing a sequence of action to achieve specific goals and objectives. According to Kerzner (2009), “project planning is desirable that the project manager is involved from project conception through execution. It must be systematic, flexible to handle, closely disciplined through reviews and control and capable of accepting multi functional inputs (pg. 412)”. The importance of planning a project is to describe the work so that it will be easily identifiable to the project team member.
Project management is said to be completed within time when it completed within the “triple constraints”: cost, time and quality. And in a lot of causes, one them is sacrificed so as to meet the other two. Project managers prioritize which ones are the most important.
Successful projects go through a lengthy initiation and planning stage. This cycle could appear slow and lengthy considering all the factors. Every phase of initiation and planning need to have well-defined tasks and goals. Tasks such as identifying the project manager, a manager that can collaborate and
SYLLABUS: Introduction – What is software architecture? – Standard Definitions – Architectural structures – Influence of software architecture on organization-both business and technical – Architecture Business Cycle- Introduction – Functional requirements – Technical constraints – Quality Attributes.
- Reel, J.S, “Critical Success Factors in Software Projects”, IEEE Software, May 1999, pp. 18-23.
Requirements engineering begins during the communication activity, continues into the modeling activity, and builds a bridge from the system requirements into software design and construction. Through requirements engineering, there is an examination of the context of software work performed. It is essential for the software engineering team to understand all requirements of a problem before the team tries to solve the problem. An identification of specific needs that the design and construction must address is also included. Further is a need for the identification of the priorities that guides the order for the completion of work. This i...
The ultimate objective of software engineering is to produce good quality maintainable software within reasonable time frame and at an affordable cost. This is achievable only if we have matured processes to produce it. For a mature process, it should be possible to determine in advance how much time and effort would be required to produce the final product. Software development organizations follow some method when developing a software product. This methodology refers to the framework that is used to structure, plan, and control the process of developing an information system. A wide variety of such frameworks have evolved over the years, each with its own recognized strengths and weaknesses. Common methodologies include waterfall, prototyping, iterative and incremental development, spiral development, rapid application development, and extreme programming. Often, several models are combined into some sort of hybrid methodology. These methods generally promote a disciplined project management process that encourages frequent inspection and adaptation.
The Software development field has grown with exponential rate. New products are coming to market daily. New innovations are flooding. Today the world of Software development is very large and much more complex than at any time. New software in large amount is hitting the market from beta version to fully functional products. This near-exponential growth in Software development market isn’t limited to any one segment of market. Rather it’s to Software Development as a whole – and it represents a huge challenge that must be addressed.
When planning a new project, how the project will be managed is one of the most important factors. The importance of a managers will determine the success of the project. The success of the project will be determined by how well it is managed. Project management is referred to as the discipline that entails the processes of carefully planning, organizing, controlling, and motivating the organization resources so as to foster and facilitate the achievement of specific established and desired goals and meet the specific criteria of success required in the organization (Larson, 2014). Over the course of this paper I will be discussing and analyzing the importance of project management.
Likewise, in conformity with reports published by Golara Garousi, Computer Scientist and Researcher, software documentation is not only important for the intended audience, but also for other developers, or even select business officials, if applicable (Garousi, 2015). In fact, software documentation is extremely important in conducting further development, maintenance, or even transfers of ownership regarding the program or source code. As an example, a software development team that produces software with inadequate software documentation, or no software documentation at all, could significantly hinder further development of the given program or source code, while generating serious confusion or doubts for the intended audience of the program or source code. Furthermore, inadequate software documentation could seriously obstruct the ability of other developers, or end-users to learn and comprehend the features and functionalities of a given program or source code. In one study, outlining the importance of quality software documentation, Tija Saukuma, Computer Software Analyst, stresses the importance of software documentation for end-users, such as businesses, where quality software documentation could aid in installation, troubleshooting, obtaining general knowledge, along with other applications necessary for the associated software (Saukuma, 2008). Essentially, quality software documentation is truly important for the successful use or operation of a given program or source code, by both developers and
Software engineering encompasses various principles from both the computer science field and the computer engineering field to develop practical uses of software within hardware we use on a daily basis. With the passage of time, technology dependent on software has become increasingly prevalent. As a result, there will be a high demand for software engineers to sustain the eventual abundance of new and more complex computers.
J.D. Musa, Anthony Iannino and Kazuhira Okumoto, Software reliability: measurement, prediction, application, New York: McGraw-Hill, 1987