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Macroeconomics quizlet
Importance of financial statement
Importance of financial statement
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In this essay these issues will be discussed: Financial tools from chapter 5 that can help make better financial decisions, components of a comprehensive budget, purpose of each component, how are specialized budgets prepared?, and the relationship of specialized budgets to the comprehensive budget.
Financial tools that can help make better financial decisions
There are financial tools that can help make better financial decisions. One of these tools is the pro forma statement. The pro forma statement is based on certain assumptions and projections. Examples of pro forma statement include: balance sheets, income statements, and statements of cash flows. The pro forma statement provides a look at the potential results of financial decisions.
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According to Siegel, R. & Yacht, C. (December 2009) “They can also be used as a tool to plan for certain results.” Pro forma statements can be projected in a form of a budget.
Budgets are the financial requirements and consequences of plans. Budgets are made with specific goals in mind. Budgets can be used to lower living expenses, increase savings, or to save for a purpose such as: education or retirement. Budgeting is a process that involves these actions: defining goals, gathering information, forming expectations, reconciling goals and data, monitoring goals and variances, adjusting budgets, and redefining goals.
Reviewing your current financial condition can help with planning present and future goals. Budgets should be made in a conservative manner by overestimating costs and underestimating earnings.
A cash flow statement is another tool that can help with financial decisions. Cash flows that are not regular can put on the statement, on certain months when they occur. This allows one to see the impact of cash flow timing more transparently. The cash flow budget makes risk
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and opportunities obvious. If cash flows are not frequent or systematic, looking at the cash flow statement can be useful. What are the components of a comprehensive budget? The components of a comprehensive budget include the operating budget and the capital budget. According to Siegel, R. & Yacht, C. (December 2009) “A comprehensive budget- that is, a budget covering all aspects of financial life- will include a projection of recurring incomes and expenses and of nonrecurring expenditures.” What is the purpose of each component? The purpose of an operating budget is for recurring incomes and expenses.
Incomes that are recurring are in part by selling labor and or liquidity. Recurring expenses derive from consumption of goods and or services. Recurring incomes and expenses fulfill short-term lifestyle goals, and makes free cash flows. To project recurring incomes and expenses some actions need to take place. These actions include using: financial history, new information, microeconomic and macroeconomic factors.
The purpose of a capital budget is for nonrecurring items. Capital expenditures involve long- term plans and goals. To project capital expenditures some course of action should take place which includes: new information, microeconomic factors, macroeconomic factors, and the time value of money.
How are specialized budgets prepared?
Specialized budgets are prepared with detailed information in reference to timing and cash flows. Specialized budgets main focus is on a certain asset or activity. For example a tax budget is frequently used to watch activities that are taxable.
What is the relationship of specialized budgets to the comprehensive
budget? The relationship of specialized budgets to the comprehensive budget is that they correlate. According to Siegel, R. & Yacht, C. (December 2009) “Eventually, specialized budgets need to be included in the comprehensive budget to have a complete perspective.” The specialized budget is included in the comprehensive budget, because it helps with the financial activity. It may be convenient to focus on individual impacts of certain activities, or certain goals, but the relationship of the specialized budget, and the comprehensive budget, both help with the financial planning process. Conclusion Financial planning is an important part of life. There are many tools that can aid in this process. Using specialized budgets are one way to help make better financial decisions. Word Count 684 Reference Siegel, R. & Yacht, C. (December 2009) Personal Finance Retrieved February 21 2016 from Creative Commons Flat World Knowledge
A company's budget serves as a guideline in planning and committing costs in order to meet tactical and strategic goals. Tactical goals such as providing budgetary costs for daily operations, and strategic objectives that include R&D, production, marketing, and distribution are all part of the budgeting process. Serving as a guideline rather than being set in stone, the budget is a snapshot of manager's "best thinking at the time it is prepared." (Marshall, 2003, p.496) The budget is a method in which to reign-in discretionary spending, and will likely show variances between what costs have been anticipated and what costs are actually incurred.
The capital budget includes all long term acquisitions. It is continuing and multi-year. It is used when assets, equipment such as vital signs machines, are purchased or invested to the departments. The operating budget includes department daily needs, personnel, and supplies. It is for a period of a year.
Quantitative plans are called budgets. Budgets are prepared to impose cost controls on the activities of an organization (Chenhall, 1986).Budgets are then used to evaluate the performance of the management and budget itself is considered as a standard to evaluate the performance Solomon, 1956). The purpose of the budget is also to implement the strategy of the organization and communicate it to the employees of the organization Rickards (2006). The change in the external environment has led to the change in the budgeting approaches from the initial cash based budgets to the zerio based budgets (Bovaird, 2007).
It provides accountability in regards to spending and resources. It can also establish accountability and help curb improper spending. Keeping this type of budget up to date requires ongoing involvement (Lee Blackstone, n.d.). A Capital Budget, in the context of a management tools, places accountability on what is to be managed in the organization.
A comprehensive budget is one that covers both recurring, and non-recurring incomes and expenses, so it covers all areas of finances. The comprehensive budget is comprised of both the operating budget, and the capital budget. The operating budget is important because it reflects the recurring income and expenses. That includes living expenses and income from wages, dividends, and interest. The purpose of this is to reflect the short term lifestyle choices. This would be a good way to see if maybe you are living beyond your means, or if maybe you should spend less money going to clubs, or on vacation. Golf memberships cost a pretty penny, and if you are finding it hard to pay your dues, this is a good way to see if maybe you just can’t afford
Every government entity has a primary goal, which is to be as efficient and effective as possible while expending the smallest amount of resources. In addition, the resources expended cannot be more than the resources received as revenues. The budgeting process is a tool that assists government entities in being both efficient and effective. Before a budget can be adequately prepared, you must first understand the budgeting concept and secondly be knowledgeable of budget types.
The capital budget includes all nonrecurring items such as capital expenditures and the purchases of durable items. The capital budget is normally associated with our long-term financial goals. (Yacht, 2009)
One of the most important steps in the capital budgeting cycle is working out if the benefits of investing large capital sums outweigh the costs of these investments. The range of methods that business organisations use can be categorised in one of two ways: traditional methods and discounted cash flow techniques.
It gives an overall outlook of your financial status. These three procedures are useful tools when evaluating our financial
Financial statements provide an overview of a business' financial condition in both short and long term. They help in understanding the past performance of the company and making future predictions about the company. It thus helps us to look beyond the profit figures.
As time goes on, you will find that your original budget has some slaws. Some areas of budget planning might be overestimated, and some areas might be underestimated. Some of the flaws in budget making, for instance, are unemployment because if a person gets unemployed he has to have a strict budget to follow. For example making home food and not going out because that will result him in debt. Some of the other flaws are increase in rent, increase in car insurance because of accidents occurring, credit card payments, groceries, and eating out with friends. All of these flaws can cause a person to be more in debt and cau...
Capital budgeting is one of the primary activities of a company. Most of the company uses capital budgeting for decision making process of selecting and evaluating long-term investment. The company have to make a right decision with respect to investment in fixed asset such as purchasing of new equipment and delivery vehicles, constructing additions to buildings and many more. The decision must be right because of the project involve huge amount of cash outflow and it is committed for many years.
It requires an adequate and sound organizational structure, that is, there must be a definite assignment of responsibility for each function of the enterprise. Budgeting compels all the members of management, from the top to bottom to participate in the establishment of goals and plans. Budgeting compels departmental managers to make plans in harmony with the other departments and of the entire enterprise. Budgeting helps the management to put down in figures what is necessary for a satisfactory performance. Budgeting helps the management to plan for the most economical use of labor, material and capital. Budgeting tends to remove the cloud of uncertainty that exists in many organizations, especially among lower levels of management, relative to basic policies and objectives. Budgeting promotes an understanding among members of management of their co-workers' problems. Budgeting force management to give adequate attention to the effects of general business conditions. Budgeting aids in obtaining bank credit as banks commonly require a projection of future operations and cash flows to support
The Basics Of Personal Budgeting A budget is a powerful financial tool that we need to take advantage of so that our finances can be managed the right way. You get to plan your spending and keep track of spending habits. The number one key in having a great budgeting plan is keeping things in balance. This should be taught when it comes to personal budgeting basics
Proper money management is of paramount importance. One of the tools of money management is a personal budget. A budget is a detailed analysis of an individual’s financial plan. It is a very important tool for personal money management. It basically helps in identifying how much money is earned and how much is spent. It must be broken down to the very last detail (read cent). If it is not detailed then it is not comprehensive, hence ineffective (Council, 2012). If one is in the know about how much money they earn and spend, they are in a better position to make accurate short-term and long-term financial projections and decisions.