Written Research Report
COMP. 6115 Testing & Quality Assurance in ICT
Teina Ellison - 2006000658
Table of Contents
Q1. Ten Generally Accepted Principles of Quality Applied to Software Testing - (30 Marks) 3
Q2. Quality Assurance and Validation Techniques of Software Testing - (12 Marks) 4
Q3. Application of Review Procedures , Including Formal and Informal Reviews when Black Box Testing - (10 Marks) 5
Q4. Application of Review Procedures , Including Formal and Informal Reviews when White Box Testing - (10 Marks) 5
Q5. Distinguishing Properties of Different Types of Tests and Where They are Used : Explained - (12 Marks) 5
Q6. Differences Between Testing Axioms and Myths : Explained - (6 Marks) 6
7. Referencing and Citation - (6 Marks) 6
Q1. Ten Generally Accepted Principles of Quality Applied to Software Testing - (30 Marks)
The software testing principle of quality is correctly defined and explained, in description, in full; Answer presented as a paragraph of at least three or four sentences (10x3/30)
Principle 1 : A necessary part of a test case is a definition of the expected output or result.
Test cases must have two components, a. A description of the input data to the program, and b. A precise description of the correct output of the program for that set of data. If the result of outputs have not been predefined results can be misinterpreted as correct and be therefore erroneous. Outputs should be precisely defined in advance so the results can be examined to see if the test case meets the defined expectations or not.
Principle 2 : A programmer should avoid testing his or her own program.
When a programmer has "constructively" written a program it is very difficult to change to a "critical" perspective and...
... middle of paper ...
...ng.
A Myth is a widely held but false notion. Most myths in software testing relate that testing is expensive and time consuming, when it is appropriate to test and who can test programs and what the outcomes of testing should be. Testing a program early saves both time and costs, bugs are found quicker and it takes longer to fix bugs than to test and find them and it is more efficient to test a program during its development.
Testers are incorrectly perceived to be responsible for the quality of a product, that defects within a program are the fault of testers and a that tested program will be bug free while conversely another testing myth is that anyone can test a software program and being only responsible for finding bugs.
7. Referencing and Citation - (6 Marks)
Correct in-text citation; List of references in full accord, APA-6th (grouped by media sourced) (6)
Going into details of the article, I realized that the necessary information needed to evaluate the experimental procedures were not included. However, when conducting an experiment, the independent and dependent variable are to be studied before giving a final conclusion.
(3) Comparing the results of the tests with the description of the client’s behaviour (e.g. good auditory com...
List of the tests to be conducted, material to be tested, the location of sampling, the organization’s name that will perform the test, and the frequency of testing.
To be selected for analysis in this review, the research must have been of great relevance to the topic, show a strong trend in the results, have a clearly structured argument and be considerably authoritative and credible; such that it has respected author/s.
“One test result is the worth one-thousand expert opinions.” The result of standardized testing can establish many results but do they imply the true capabilities of a student or their ability to study for the test. I will discuss in this paper what the arguments on both sides are for standardized testing.
Alfie Kohn, author of The Case against Standardized Testing, recalls a specific incident of how children are being cheated out of valuable class time. He states that a school in Massachusetts used a remarkable unit, for a middle-school class, where students chose an activity and extensively researched it, and reported or taught, it to the class. This program has had to be removed from the course curriculum in order to devote enough time to teaching prescribed material for their standardized tests.
In order for an experiment to be considered a true experimental design, the design must fit specific criteria. The researcher must have a hypothesis for a cause and effect relationship between variables, the treatment group, the control group, random selection for the treatment group, and random assignment for the control group. In a simple experiment, the researcher forms two groups that are similar or equivalent, through probability, to each other in every way possible appropriate to the concept of experiment. The treatment group receives the procedure for the experiment and the control group does not. Therefore, the only difference between the groups will be that one group receives the treatment for the experiment and one group does note. After the experiment is conducted the researcher analysis the results in both groups.
If the error is detected during a later stage of software development, The developers will require to do a lot of reverse engineering processes which will be very frustrating and time consuming, the developers will have to review preceding steps and rework their deliverables and also might have to start from scratch. The later the software error is detected the more the number of people will be affected by it. This will in turn result to an increase in the cost required to communicate with the affected people and then fix the error. Thus, the cost for communicating the details of the defect, distributing and applying the software fixes and probably retain and convince the end users to use this particular software that has been sold to hundreds and thousands of customers will be too high. Once the goodwill and the brand value of the software is affected it is difficult to regain the customers trust. Ensuring early fixing of errors will save the developers
Critically review the evidence to assess its validity (is the information established correct, does it ha...
... tested in the same manner for a specified purpose in order to maintain consistency and validity within results.
Over time, the actions of mankind have been the victim of two vague labels, right and wrong. The criteria for these labels are not clearly defined, but they still seem to be the standard by which the actions of man are judged. There are some people that abide by a deontological view when it comes to judging the nature of actions; the deontological view holds that it is a person's intention that makes an action right or wrong. On the other hand there is the teleological view which holds that it is the result of an action is what makes that act right or wrong. In this essay I will be dealing with utilitarianism, a philosophical principle that holds a teleological view when it comes the nature of actions. To solely discuss utilitarianism is much too broad of topic and must be broken down, so I will discuss specifically quantitative utilitarianism as presented by Jeremy Bentham. In this essay I will present the argument of Bentham supporting his respective form of utilitarianism and I will give my critique of this argument along the way.
A well created test can measure learning and diagnose a student’s weakness (Merrow, 4). In testing, the idea is for the student to get the correct answer on information they know and incorrect answers on the information they do not. However, a testing error may occur. A testing error is when a student gets an answer correct of information they did not actually know or an answer incorrect, they may have actually known (Gellman, 30)The people who create these tests want straightforward measures. However, test designers do not design these tests to measure what a student can do academically (Fusaro, 1). Large testing companies produce tests and sell them all over the country. This causes the test to be not specialized for the school or county and students do not do as well as they could have if the test was specialized (Popham, 4).three possible ways of testing a student’s knowledge exists: multiple choices, answer in essay form, or they are asked to perform a task and then graded on the performance (Merrow, 5). Some tests are designed to assess an individual’s performance, like an
Software development follows a specific life cycle that starts with designing a solution to a problem and implementing it. Software testing is part of this software life cycle that involves verifying if each unit implemented meets the specifications of the design. Even with careful testing of hundreds or thousands of variables and code statements, users of software find bugs. “Software testing is arguably the least understood part of the development process” and is also a “time-consuming process that requires technical sophistication and proper planning” (Whittaker 71) It is important to comprehend this concept by understanding the different characteristics and aspects of software testing, and then to examine the techniques, procedures and tools used to apply this concept. This will enable the user to realize the problems faced by software testers and the importance of software testing.
Ravitch, Diane “In Defense of Testing.” Forming a Critical Perspective, Ed, Ann Spurlock. 1st. Boston, MA: Pearson Learning Solutions, 2010. 194-195. Print.
4. Question d: Explain the variables you should take into account when assessing page 4