The effect of plyometric training on vertical jump height and speed in football
Summary
This study will be looking at how plyometric training affects vertical jump height and speed in football. Football is a sport that acquires exertion of power and this exertion can be through sprinting, jumping or tackling. Training using plyometric training recruits faster twitch muscles fibres exerting forces in order for an athlete to jump higher. An increase in the recruitment of fast twitch muscle fibres causes hypertrophy of the muscles in legs; these are gastrocnemius, hamstring, gluteus Maximus, soleus, Achilles tendon as well as abdominal muscles in the middle region of the body. There have been similar studies that other scientists have looked,
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Low intensity plyometric training is gentle, produces the same effect being less exhaustive for players and also requires much less recovery time and has no amortization phase in comparison with high intensity which is a vigorous, takes longer and is more exhaustive training regime with very quick amortization phase. (Shankar, R., Rajpal etal 2008). For this study high intensity plyometric training will be used for vertical jump and speed. Shankar, R., Rajpal etal (2008) who looked at the effect of high and low intensity plyometric training on Jump Height and Maximum Voluntary Isometric Contraction in Football Players, found that high intensity plyometric training had significant effect on vertical jump height and maximum voluntary isometric …show more content…
Football requires a great range of strength, power and speed as these factors contribute highly to the performance of football player. During a game of football every 90 seconds a 2 to 4 second sprint occurs. From a 90 minute game sprinting occupies 3% of the overall playing time and accounts for 1-11% of overall playing time. For other players 96% of sprints are no longer than 30m and 50% are more than 10m long. (Kotzamanidis, Christos; Chatzopoulos etal 2010)
Furthermore a football match demands various explosive movements including tackling, frequent kicking and changes of pace and direction. Anaerobic performance and jumping ability are critical aspects to a football player. As football has become more athletic, short term muscle power burst have become increasingly crucial in many high intensity matches. (Kotzamanidis, Christos; Chatzopoulos etal
There are three main energy systems used in a game of touch football which consist of the creatine phosphate (ATP PC) system, lactic acid system and the aerobic system. Each system plays a vital role during game play. Every muscle in your body requires energy to perform all movements, and to do this, the energy is produced by the breakdown of a molecule called adenosine triphosphate (ATP). ATP is found in all cells which is a chemical form of muscular activity and performs mostly all functions in the human body. It contains 3 phosphate groups and adenosine. ATP is stored in the muscles and lasts for approximately 10-30 seconds. Carbohydrates, fats and proteins, are all producers of ATP from the food we eat; however Creatine Phosphate is also a high energy compound producer found in the cells. These three chemical reactions are conducted to continue muscular work. The first system used in a game of touch football is the ATP PC system. This system is stored into the muscles and used in short durations for up to 10 seconds and doesn’t not require oxygen therefore being anaerobic. ATP lasts approximately 3 seconds, and then Creatine phosphate (CP) will continue until all ATP PC energy is used up. The use of ATP is high intensity and would usually be used in a 50m sprint or a pass in touch. Once the CP energy is used up the body then switches to the lactic acid system. This is because of the breakdown of glucose, resulting in the production of lactic acid. The lactic acid system an anaerobic energy system, which lasts for approximately 30 seconds to 2 minutes, and is the conversion of glycogen to glucose. In relation to a game of touch football, the lactic acid system could be used during a quick wruck, as the movements required are a...
Fahey, Thomas D., EdD. Specialist in Sports Conditioning Workbook and Study Guide. California: International Sports Sciences Association, 2007. Print
The two main component of fitness used extensively in football is cardiovascular and muscular endurance. Cardiovascular endurance is mainly focused on the respiratory system and it determines how effective your heart is in pump blood and oxygen to the muscles. It also focuses on what level your heart rate is at (bpm) and how much oxygen you physically need when playing sports. Muscular endurance mainly focus on the muscular system and it determines how long you muscles can be physically working for, at both lower and higher intensities, when playing a sport. It is the speed which your muscles take to tire and fatigue. In football, you are having to constantly running around the pitch to either receive passes, create space, run back to your
The Science Behind Sports: Football. Farmington Hills: Lucent, 2012. Print. The.
As a result of training a touch football player would experience many adaptations in relation to slow- and fast-twitch muscle fibres. The effect of this physiological adaptation is very positive, and would greatly improve the performance of the athlete’s future aerobic and anaerobic work.
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There are many things in life that have their unique differences. Every level of Football has its 's differences, but there are some differences that matter the most. Different things have to be done from the high school level to the college level, and to the national level of football. There are different requirements needed in a players ' arsenal to develop a certain football leveled skill-set. This essay is about the difference between the high school football level and the professional football level. Some of these differences have to do with safety and protection of players.
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Gabboth, Tim. "Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research (Lippincott Williams & Wilkins). Feb2012, Vol. 26 Issue 2, P487-491. 5p." N.p., n.d. Web.
Interval training boosts the footballer's ability to play at high.... ... middle of paper ... ... In hockey and football. You need to change direction and body position accuracy.