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Theory of planned behavior essay
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Theory of planned behavior essay
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The theory of planned behavior theory is linking beliefs to behavior. The key idea of this model is behavioral intent, meaning that “attitude towards behavior, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control, together shape an individual's behavioral intentions and behaviors” (Stecker, Fortney, Hamilton, Sherbourne & Ajzen, 2010). Using the planned behavior theory, process of engagement for mental health professionals is challenging with veterans because of the beliefs and stereotypes regarding seeking out mental health treatment.
Looking at subjective norms, many veterans feel there is a stigma attached to seeking out mental health services and are afraid of the outcomes of being diagnosed with a mental health diagnosis. Many service members are not regularly seeking needed care when they have mental health problems and because of that mental health problems can have comprehensive negative impacts on the quality of life and the social, emotional, and cognitive functioning of affected service members. According to the study, Engagement in mental health treatment among
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Veterans who did believe is seeking treatment reported that they believed that treatment would help their symptoms. However, like the study mentioned this is a double edge sword because the veterans who did seek treatment described treatment as difficult due to having to talk about their experiences. In this regard, it is important that social workers who work in mental health use motivational interviewing in order to increase engagement. Using motivational interviewing could help the veteran build a rapport with the social worker, as well as help the social worker asses the beliefs and behaviors of the
PBS’ Frontline film “The Wounded Platoon” reviews the effects the Iraq war has had on soldiers as they return home and transition back into civilian life, focusing particularly on the rise in post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among American military members from Fort Carson Army base (Edge, 2010). Incidents of PTSD have risen dramatically in the military since the beginning of the Iraq war and military mental health policies and treatment procedures have adapted to manage this increase (Edge, 2010). In “The Wounded Platoon,” many military personnel discuss how PTSD, and other mental health struggles, have been inadequately treated (if at all) by military mental health services. Reasons and Perdue’s definition of a social problem allows us to see inadequate treatment of PTSD among returning United States military members as a social problem because it is a condition affecting a significant number of people in undesirable ways that can be remedied through collective action (Reasons & Perdue, 1981).
Children’s behaviour is constantly changing and evolving as they learn about themselves and construct their own identities within different environments. The sociocultural theory acknowledges that social interactions are central to these continuous changes in thoughts and behaviour, varying significantly from one culture to the next. The key focus of this essay is to determine what behaviour is, with the consideration that behaviour is a socio-cultural construct and whether "Children’s capacity to choose appropriate behaviour is influenced by their developmental ability, temperament, interactions, life experiences and environmental factors” (Government of South Australia, 2004).
Retrieved from www.justiceforvets.org. Tsai, J., Rosenchedk, R. A., Kasprow, W. J., & McGuire, J. F. (2013). Risk of incarceration and other characteristics of Iraq and Afghanistan veterans in state and federal prisons. Psychiatric Services, (64(i)), 36-43. Retrieved from www.justiceforvets.org.
Seal, Karen H., Daniel Bertenthal, Christian R. Miner, Saunak Sen, and Charles Marmar. "Bringing the War Back Home: Mental Health Disorders Among 103 788 US Veterans Returning From Iraq and Afghanistan Seen at Department of Veterans Affairs Facilities." Archives of Internal Medicine 167.5 (2007): 476-82. Print.
Werner, S. (2012). Intention to work with individuals with dual diagnosis: Testing the Theory of Planned Behavior among students from various professions. Health and Social Work, 37(2), 81-90. Retrieve from, http://web.ebscohost.com.lib.kaplan.edu/ehost/pdfviewer/pdfviewer?vid=19&sid=5aa37ce5-43a8-4ab6-b7b7-a0159b80862a%40sessionmgr4005&hid=4112
Hundreds of thousands of United States veterans are not able to leave the horrors of war on the battlefield (“Forever at War: Veterans Everyday Battles with PTSD” 1). Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is the reason why these courageous military service members cannot live a normal life when they are discharged. One out of every five military service members on combat tours—about 300,000 so far—return home with symptoms of PTSD or major depression. According to the Rand Study, almost half of these cases go untreated because of the disgrace that the military and civil society attach to mental disorders (McGirk 1). The general population of the world has to admit that they have had a nightmare before. Imagine not being able to sleep one wink because every time you close your eyes you are forced to relive memories from the past that you are trying to bury deep. This is what happens to the unfortunate men and women who are struggling with PTSD. Veterans that are struggling with post-traumatic stress disorder deserve the help they need.
The article I read was entitled Occupational Performance Needs of Young Veterans. The framework discussed in this article is post-traumatic stress disorder, traumatic brain injury, major depression, and alcohol abuse/ dependency. The clients were young Veterans (aged 20-29 years of age) who served in the Iraqi war. While some former soldiers did have physical disabilities, a majority of the former soldiers suffered from psychological disorders. The main reason that I chose this article is that I have two cousins (Nick and B.J (Lyman)) who served in the Afghanistan and Iraqi war so this article really hits home from me.
Social workers in all branches of the military are helping families and military personnel prepare for, and cope with, the hardships of war. They do so through a range of preventive and clinical services provided by the Veteran Administration with many different types of programs, including family-support and mental-health counseling. The mission statement of the VA Social Workers is to eliminate significant barriers to clients in need and offer interventions for veterans and families. It is accomplished by developing and maintaining integrated, in-depth programs in patient care, research, and education.
In these days and times of continuous military and terrorist conflict, military soldiers should be required to participate in pre and post deployment health assessments. That brings me to the question, “Why is pre and post deployment health assessments needed?” The revelant of pre and post deployment health assessments will test our soldiers to see if they have any mental issues. Military life, especially the stress of deployments or mobilizations, can present challenges to service members and their families that are both unique and difficult. Some are manageable, some are not. Many times, we can successfully deal with them on our own. In some instances, matters get worse and one problem can trigger other more serious issues. At such times, it is wise to check things out and see what is really happening. That introduces the purpose of these totally anonymous and voluntary mental health testing self-assessments. The testing questions are designed so you can review your situation with regard to some of the more common mental health issues including, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression, anxiety, alcohol problems and more. The screening will not provide a diagnosis – for that you need to see a professional. But, it will tell you whether or not you have symptoms that are consistent with a condition or concern that would benefit from further evaluation or treatment. It will also give you guidance as to where you might seek assistance. We are affected by this because we could lose our love ones if we don’t know what kind of mental issues they have.
Introduction: Many assessment tools and interviewing skills are available to the clinical social worker within a mental health setting. This paper will examine one such assessment tool, the competency-based assessment, and its applicability in a mental health setting. A comparison will be made between this advanced assessment method and a generalist social work assessment. Interviewing people who have mental health concerns can offer challenges for clinical social workers. Several interviewing techniques that can help with some of these challenges will be outlined.
A survey of OEF/OIF Veterans identified major rates of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression, alcohol-related problems, social and family problems, and suicidal behavior. However the most alarming statistic is not about deployment rates or rates of diagnoses, the most alarming fact is that fewer than 10% of those diagnosed with PTSD or depression have received the recommended the mental health treatment upon re-integration into society. The dropout rate at the Veterans Association (VA) PTSD clinics is distressingly high as well when looking into VA records it was found that 68% of OEF/OIF Veterans dropped out of their prescribed counseling and programs prior to completion (Garcia et al., 2014). Because most of these men were deployed mul...
Motivational interviewing is an important technique and counseling style that was created by William Miller and Stephen Rollnick in the 1980’s. The brief definition of motivational interviewing (MI) that is provided by Miller and Rollnick in their influential text is “a collaborative conversation style for strengthening a person’s own motivation and commitment to change” (Miller & Rollnick, 2013). Motivational interviewing is considered to be a style that evolved from client-centered therapy. The style is considered to be empathic but requires the counselor to consciously directive so that they may help their client resolve the ambivalence they are experiencing and direct them towards change. The important thing to note is that client autonomy is key to the process (Hettema, Steele, & Miller, 2005). However, despite being able to currently give a definition of MI, one that could be considered a working definition, motivational interviewing is “a living, evolving method” (Miller & Rollnick, 2009). It will continue to evolve as times change and it is implemented in use with other maladaptive behaviors. MI is a relatively new style that it still has the ability to undergo changes to adapt to what purpose it is serving (Miller & Rollnick, 2009).
Veterans have manifested significant mental or behavioral health issues and in turn, health care services have been set to respond to their needs through educating community health care providers to work with veterans, service members and their families. As Zeiss & Karlin (2008) demonstrates, health care system has partnered with national organizations, health services, resources administration and other major mental projects that target the veterans to ensure effective services to mental health concerns. There are many inter-professional roles geared towards veterans due to their wide-range of mental issues including physicians, psychologists, social workers, substance abuse professionals, licensed counselors, public health workers, therapists related to marriage and family issues, nurses, chaplains, law enforcement and occupational therapists. In the course of this discussion, the way veterans mental issues has been addressed will be constricted to nursing setting to describe the scope, severity, behavioral health issues and responses among veterans.
It started as the Theory of Reasoned Action in 1980 to predict an individual’s intention to engage in a behavior at a specific time and place. The theory proposes a model which can measure how human actions are guided. It predicts the occurrence of a particular behavior, provided that the behavior is intentional. The theory was intended to explain all behaviors over which people have the ability to exert self-control. The key component to this model is behavioral intent. It proposes that behavioral intentions are influenced by the attitude about the likelihood that the behavior will have the expected outcome and the subjective evaluation of the risks and benefits of that outcome. TBP is a theory that links beliefs and behavior. The concept was proposed by Ajzen to improve the predictive power of the Theory of Reasoned Action by including perceived behavioral
Accomplishing my task appeared straightforward when applying my attitudes, perceived control, and subjective norms to the Theory of Planned Behavior; initially I had all necessary aspects to initiate a lifestyle change. Before starting my regiment I had the belief that regular running leads to decreased weight and improves overall health. Health and appropriate body size are both characteristics I evaluate as desirable. Subjective cultural norms highlighting the value of appropriate weight, active lifestyle, and overall health influenced my motivation to comply to these standards. In this way beliefs as well as evaluations of the beliefs influenced my motivation to start running. Additionally my perception of behavioral control and sense of self-efficacy are generally high. Since I accomplished similar goals in the past I felt it could be done again. My attitudes, subjective norms, and my perceived control indicate I had the behavioral intention to make the change to run more frequently.