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In vitro fertilization research paper
In vitro fertilization research paper
In vitro fertilization
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A Miracle Baby’s Story SC is a four-month-old Caucasian male who lives with his mother, father, and half-brother in Dothan, Alabama. His parents are happily married, and they have a beautiful home located within city limits in a friendly neighborhood. His mother has a full-time job as the Director of Human Resources at an inpatient rehabilitation hospital. After SC’s birth, she took a twelve-week maternity leave to adjust and establish a close bond with him. His father works full-time as a Manager of Laboratory Services at an acute care hospital. During his wife’s maternity leave, he continued to work and provide financial support for his new family. He also has a ten-year-old half-brother, paternally, that is from a previous relationship. …show more content…
SC is four months of age which is including in this stage that occurs between birth and two years. According to Piaget, at birth infants know so little that they cannot explore purposefully. The circular reaction provides a special means of adapting their first schemes. …the infant tries to repeat the event again and again, a sensorimotor response that originally occurred by chance strengthens into a new scheme (Berk, L. & Meyers, A., 2016). At the beginning, circular reactions concentrate on the child’s own body and later expanding to operation of objects. SC’s mother indicated that she has seen newborn reflexes of the first sensorimotor substage (birth to 1 month) when interacting with him. He has demonstrated the rooting reflex which is caused by stroking the cheek near the opening of the mouth. Also, he presented the stepping reflex when his mother holds him under the arms allowing his feet to create a stepping motion. At his age, his mother noticed that he would bring his foot to his mouth, thus indicating a primary circular reaction in the second sensorimotor substage (1 to 4 months). He has displayed some transition from primary to secondary circular reactions (4 to 8 months) because he has learned to imitate his mother sticking out her tongue while playing with him. He will continually follow this stage as he explores the …show more content…
Infertility is caused by a physical abnormality that can occur in males and females and increases in older ages. SC’s mother was presented with fertility issues when she and her husband began to conceive a baby. She went through numerous fertility drugs and five different procedures one of them being In Vitro Fertilization. In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) is a process where an egg from the female is fertilized outside the body with the male’s sperm. In SC’s case, he was one of three eggs that was fertilized and transferred back into the uterus. During this time, SC’s mother was very emotional because she was told that the embryos only had a 10% chance of survival. When she received the news about being pregnant, she began calling him her “little miracle.” She has showed concerns about how this procedure will affect his physical, emotional, and cognitive development in the future. Mothers who conceived through assisted reproduction expressed greater warmth towards their child and reported that they were more emotionally involved and interacted more with their child than mothers who had conceived naturally (Gibson, F. L., & Ungerer, J. A., 2000). As the interviewer, I could tell there was a strong emotional attachment between the child and his mother. According to a study on the mother-child relationship, there were concerns raised about the potential for
The purpose of this assignment is to answer the three posed questions in regards to my Virtual Child, who I will refer to as Kieran throughout my assignment. I will be describing changes in his exploratory and problem solving behaviors as well as analyzing his temperament. I will also summarize his developmental assessment at nineteen months old that may differ from my perception of what was assessed through his developmental examiner. Kieran was at the age of eight months when I first used the object permanence test developed by Jean Piaget, in the aspect of sensorimotor development in both stage 3 and 4 of the Six Substages of Sensorimotor Development (Table 6-2, pg 154). At stage 3, infants begin to show greater interest in their world with objects becoming incorporated into what is called the secondary circular reaction where they start to learn about the actions associated with objects.
The addition of a child into a family’s home is a happy occasion. Unfortunately, some families are unable to have a child due to unforeseen problems, and they must pursue other means than natural pregnancy. Some couples adopt and other couples follow a different path; they utilize in vitro fertilization or surrogate motherhood. The process is complicated, unreliable, but ultimately can give the parents the gift of a child they otherwise could not have had. At the same time, as the process becomes more and more advanced and scientists are able to predict the outcome of the technique, the choice of what child is born is placed in the hands of the parents. Instead of waiting to see if the child had the mother’s eyes, the father’s hair or Grandma’s heart problem, the parents and doctors can select the best eggs and the best sperm to create the perfect child. Many see the rise of in vitro fertilization as the second coming of the Eugenics movement of the 19th and early 20th century. A process that is able to bring joy to so many parents is also seen as deciding who is able to reproduce and what child is worthy of birthing.
Social work is a profession which is in place to improve the lives of families, children, and individuals through programs like crisis intervention, social welfare, and community development among other things. Although this discipline is entirely necessary and helpful in all cases and lives it attempts to improve, the article explains that social work often doesn’t employ all available approaches to help their clients, as they fail to incorporate physiological knowledge into their practice, research, and education. (Lefmann & Combs Orme, 2013) As discussed in lecture, Jean Piaget’s stages of cognitive development are used to explain the way a child’s brain develops over their lifetime. The stages of development are used to shape the article, and to explain how Piaget’s theory directly relates to how social work should be studied and used. “This paper overlays the early biological development of the brain with Piaget’s sensorimotor stage of development.” (Lefmann & Combs-Orme, 2013. P. 641)
In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) is a complex series of procedures used to help those who want children but struggle with infertility. The process consists of extracting eggs from a woman and collecting a man’s sperm sample then manually combining them in a lab dish. Once the embryo(s) are created they are transferred to a woman’s uterus. IVF is commonly used in woman who cannot conceive on their own due to different reasonings. “These include but are not limited to blocked or damaged fallopian tubes, male factor infertility, woman with ovulation disorders, genetic disorders, woman who have had their fallopian tubes removed and unexplained infertility.” (American Pregnancy)
“The Emotional Effects of Infertility on the Couple Relationship.” IVF.com. Georgia Reproductive Specialists, 2007. Web. 22 Mar. 2010. .
According to Piaget children go through 4 stages of cognitive development. The stages are; Sensorimotor stage (0-2 years), Preoperational thought (2-7 years), Concrete operations (7-11 years), Formal operations (11years and above). During the sensorimotor stage infants learn by using their senses, there is no abstract thinking. Object permanence which is the understanding that objects continue to exist even when they cannot be observed and separation anxiety develop in this stage. Stranger anxiety develops at around 8 months which is an infant’s fear of strangers. Infants under two believe other people see the world like they do, this is called egocentrism, being unable to see that the environment looks different to someone else. Temperament
Piaget believed that human thinking is always changing, and human cognitive development is influenced by “…biological maturation, activity, social experiences, and equilibration”. Also, as humans, we tend to want organization and adaptation. According to Piaget, humans need to arrange information and personal experiences in to the mental process, and humans will adjust their thoughts into different “schemes” which is understand something one way then adding to make it correct or change the idea to fit the thought. To understand new information, Piaget believes humans “disequilibrium” which is they will add or create new schemes to assimilate or accommodate new or existing ideas or schemas to fit new or old information. This information goes
The first substage includes inborn reflexes such as the root, suck, moro, tonic neck, grasp, Babinski, and step reflexes. During the first month of life it is very evident that the newborn has been born with these important reflexes. A newborn can be placed upon the mothers’ breast and they will root to find food and suck to feed without any assistance. The newborn understands the environment purely through these inborn reflexes. (Santrock, 2008) These reflexes not only help the infant to develop some of them can also be used for survival. At this age the child already has the step reflex...
For most of people, the only way to conceive a child is through sexual intercourse between a man and a woman by contributing the egg and the sperm into a woman’s womb. In a common practice, this is the only way on how to conceive a child. However, since the growing of time, with parenthood changing all thanks to the assisted reproductive technology (ART), the usual norm of conceiving a child has changed dramatically over the past decades. Lewis Vaughn describes this process to “address the agonizing problem of infertility and the powerful desire that many people have for their children of their own, especially children with whom they have a biological link” (Vaughn 392). The methods of reproductive technology is always understood under the scientific world, nonetheless, it remains a controversial topic within people.
There are a great number of issues to deliberate when one considers IVF – many of these being questions of ethics, legality and psychosocial issues. We studied the case of Yvonne and Matthew, a couple who struggled to conceive for 5 years and subsequently sought to undergo IVF treatment. After two unsuccessful rounds of treatment, the couple split. Yvonne intends to continue IVF with the remaining frozen embryos. Matthew, however, does not agree and is considering his legal options on the matter. The various facets of this case are discussed below.
Piaget’s developmental stages are ways of normal intellectual development. There are four different stages. The stages start at infant age and work all the way up to adulthood. The stages include things like judgment, thought, and knowledge of infants, children, teens, and adults. These four stages were names after Jean Piaget a developmental biologist and psychologist. Piaget recorded intellectual abilities and developments of infants, children, and teens. The four different stages of Piaget’s developmental stages are sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, and formal operational. Sensorimotor is from birth up to twenty- four months of age. Preoperational which is toddlerhood includes from eighteen months old all the way to early childhood, seven years of age. Concrete operational is from the age of seven to twelve. Lastly formal operation is adolescence all the way through adulthood.
In order to understand how the government is addressing the issues of reproductive technologies, it is important to discuss how these issues are viewed by society. The inability to have one's own biological children is the key demand of couples that require the use of reproductive technologies. Some Canadians feel that infertility is a dysfunction of the body and should be regarded as a medical condition (http://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/english/nrgt/chapt-3.pdf). Other Canadians define infertility as a social condition because they believe the desire to have children results from the social pressure placed on married couples, particularly women, to bear children (http://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/english/nrgt/chapt-3.pdf). In an effort to allow infertile couples to produce their own biological children, new reproductive technologies are being introduced.
Infants go through a stages of sensorimotor development. One of these stages is secondary circular reactions. With this, infants start realizing that
As a young adult, it may seem foolish to predict what your future family life will look like, especially in regards to children. Often times this reality is forced upon a select few, particularly homosexual couples; however, with the innovation of in vitro fertilization (IVF), a couple is met with promise and the hope of a successful family life. IVF can be described as a process by which a fetus is genetically formed in a laboratory setting. Though this process may seem unnatural in essence, it allows for a more diverse family arrangement through medical innovation. This procedure, though controversial, is seen by many as an advancement in the medical field and can be accredited to procuring a healthy child for an unfortunate family, whether
The Sensorimotor stage – this stage occurs when the child is born till when he/she is two years old.