The paper explores the nature of the ‘Truth’ through the lens of Chinese ancient philosophy of Lao Tzu. Unlike other epistemologists, Lao Tzu holds a very different and unique perspective on the nature of the truth. Tao Te Ching is the most significant treatises in Chinese cosmogony (Giles, 1947) and by exploring his teaching, we will discuss the inexpressible, immutable and permanent nature of the truth. The understanding of Lao Tzu is very complex because he speaks opposite to the rational scheme of the human beings. Verily, the teaching of Lao Tzu is contradictory because the human being is used to think rationally whereas, Lao Tzu talks of simplicity (Osho, 2001). In addition, Lao Tzu states that truth cannot be expressed because it …show more content…
Kaun-tzu explore this idea further by stating that all the ‘things’ have definite forms; and in consequence, the forms have definite names. Therefore, the name comes after form (Yun-Hua et al., 1975) and in general, “anything that has a form can be easily destroyed" (Liao, 1959). Lao Tzu believes that forms meant the size and shape of things (Chapter, 4) and as Tao has no such form, therefore, it has no such name (Liao, 1959). Names serve to delimit, to set boundaries (Osho 2001); in contrast, Dao is without limits and therefore, cannot be captured fully by language (Chan, 2001). In the favor of Lao Tzu, Hang-fei-Tzu critiques that the truth which first exists and next goes to ruin, now lives and then dies, and prospers at the beginning and declines afterward, cannot be said to be eternal (Liao, 1959). Lao Tzu states that all material things are in the process of transformation, whereas Tao is the eternal principle of every form. Hence, we cannot designate Tao with any name (Mair, 1997). In the Adi Granth, Guru Nanak states in the moolmantra that there is only one God and He is the only Truth (Trumpp et al, 2004). Lao Tzu and Guru Nanak share the same grounds for the nature of the truth. Like Lao Tzu, Guru Nanak also states that one can’t comprehend the truth (God), even if one reasoned for ages. In fact, he is beyond reason (Trumpp et al, 2004). Most precisely, the description of the inexpressible nature of truth is also exists in the work of Lii-shih ch'un-ch'iu (1842): “Tao is one(permanent). Its origin is unknown and its manifestations (literarily, 'corners') are unknown; its beginning and end are unknown and He is beyond the constraints of words, i.e. chapter 35”. Nevertheless, taking into account all the available evidences, it seems that Laozi inexpressible nature of the truth separates
Almost any place that you live in, you will find that there is some sort of government set up there. A government is basically a form of system of rule, by which state, community, etc. is governed by. Although, most places do have a government set up, the type of government in which they have differ from each place. One of the most popular forms of government that is used often today would be democracy; this means that the government is ruled by the people. Monarchy is another one that you should be aware of because it is one of the oldest forms of government and it is still used today in some places. A monarchy government consists of the rule
“If you know the enemy and know yourself, you need not fear the result of a hundred battles.” (BAM, 2010, p.20) These words were first written down over 2,400 years ago by a Chinese general named Sun Tzu in his famous military strategy treatise known today as The Art of War. These words, in fact the entire book, are just as valid today as they were during Sun Tzu’s lifetime. He was one of the first truly visionary and ethical military leaders in the world. Despite the fact that there is not much known about Sun Tzu today other than his writings, in this essay, I intend to extract his essence from his treatise to prove he was a visionary leader. I will then continue to prove he was also an ethical leader. Finally, I will finish by detailing how his seminal work has inspired me to self-reflect on how I can be a better visionary and ethical leader in the 21st Century Air Force. So, what exactly is a ‘visionary’ leader?
The Art of War is a treatise written in Ancient China that discusses the most and least effective military strategies for successful warfare according to Sun Tzu, a military general whose existence is still debated to this day. While not every military commander in the history of warfare has read it, the strategies provided can be used as a way to assess said commanders and the effectiveness of their campaigns. In Sun Tzu 's own words, “The general that hearkens to my counsel and acts upon it, will conquer: let such a one be retained in command! The general that hearkens not to my counsel nor acts upon it, will suffer defeat:--let such a one be dismissed!”1 This paper will discuss various iconic battles throughout history and how closely the leading commanders of each army followed the advice of Sun Tzu. Despite the fact that Sun Tzu lived hundreds of years before many of these battles took place, the
Perhaps the most distinct differences between Machiavelli's and Lao-Tzu's are their beliefs in how a government should be run. Whereas Machiavelli writes about the qualities a prince should have while instilling a totalitarian government, Lao-Tzu strongly believes that one cannot have total control, so everything should run its course.
Lao Tzu believed that Tao is a natural thing. He believes that you come by it or you realize its presents and experience it. The best way for me to explain how Lao Tzu perceives the Tao is to take it directly from our reading in Molloy, “The Doa cannot be named because it has no form. But the Dao can be experienced and followed by every individual thing that has a name (213).” Lao Tzu used Tao as a way of being and living in harmony with nature. Lao Tzu believed that Tao came to you by using his teaching of Wu Wei, Simplicity, Gentleness and Relativity (217-218).
What does it mean to be a leader? Leadership is a way in which a person can influences others to accomplish an objective. Leaders do this by applying their leadership qualities, such as beliefs, values, ethics, character, knowledge, and skill. Two really good leaders with their own way of thinking how a country should be ran. Lao-Tzu and Machiavelli both have the ability to run a good country. They have a lot of similarities but they also have a lot of differences that set them apart from each other. Our country needs someone who is loyal to the people and trusts them. A President is a leader and is someone who others will trust and rely on to make the right choices and decisions for his country. The American people should have a good relationship with the leader. I feel that Lao-Tzu would fit as a better President than Machiavelli because he puts his trust into the people and do what is best for them.
Although Islam and Confucianism represent two totally different worldviews, they have similar characteristics, which provide a potential idea, that both can be from a common source. Mirza Tahir Ahmad, who was a Caliph in Ahmadiyya Muslim community, supported this idea in his book “Revelation, Nationality, Knowledge & Truth”. He supports his idea saying, “All humans are God’s creation; it stands to reason that God not only guided people in the Middle East through Abrahamic prophets. He also guided other people through prophets like Confucius, Buddha and Zoroaster.” His claim is based on the existence of common themes between Islamic and Confucian teachings. Another supporting evidence is that God in one of the verses of Quran in which He was talking to prophet Mohamed, He told him: “And certainly We sent messengers before you: there are some of them that We have mentioned to you and there are others whom We have not mentioned to you ...” (Al-Ghafir Verse-78). According to this verse, God gives Muslims a room to search for other prophets than the ones who are mentioned in Qur’an. In this paper I will compare between Islam and Confucianism in terms of similarities and differences to know whether Confucianism is a religion that came out from the same source of Islam, or it is a philosophical values and morals that was spreading in china to support the Chinese community from falling apart.
Tao-te Ching (in English pronounced “dow deh jing”) is believed to be written by Lao-tzu (6th century B.C). However, it is not for certain that he wrote the book. Lao-tzu is translated as “Old Master”. He was born in the state of Ch’u in China. It’s been said that he worked in the court of the Chou dynasty. The day that he was leaving the court to start his own life, the keeper of the gate urged him to write his thoughts as a book. Lao-tzu’s work mostly illustrates Taoism –a religion founded by Chang Tao-ling A.D. 150. His main purpose in this piece is practicing peace, simplicity, naturalness, and humility. Lao-tzu believes that people are overloaded with temporal objects in this world. He recommends his readers to let go of everything and always keep the balance in anything. In my opinion, Lao-tzu would more likely dislike our government and the way that people live nowadays. The reason is because majority of the people are attached to secular things. To paraphrase the famous, people have materialistic characteristics in today’s world which is completely against Lao-tzu’s view.
author of Prince. They are both philosophers but have totally different perspective on how to be a good leader. While both philosopher’s writing is instructive. Lao-tzu’s advice issues from detached view of a universal ruler; Machiavelli’s advice is very personal perhaps demanding. Both philosophers’ idea will not work for today’s world, because that modern world is not as perfect as Lao-tzu described in Tao-te Ching, and not as chaotic as Machiavelli illustrated in Prince.
Kaltenmark, Max. Lao Tzu and Taoism. Translated by Roger Greaves. Stanford: Stanford University Press. 1969.
Although Daoism and Hinduism are two completely separate religions with the former indigenous to China and the latter to India, both of them encompass striking similarities that undeniably make it seem that one influenced the other. However, no known relations between the two religions exist. Comparing the small, but contextually vital part of the Hindu epic Mahabharata known as Bhagavad Gita with the central text to Daoism, Tao Te Ching offers an unparalleled journey of knowledge and understanding. Tao Te Ching emphasizes the crucial concept of Dao, which is translated as the “Way” while Bhagavad Gita stresses the all-encompassing Brahman. Since no sufficient language can express the full meaning of Dao, the most suitable example that shows its operations is the movement of water (TTC 8). Water simply flows with unity with nature – it can transform itself into whatever form is needed to flow. Dao is essentially an indescribable eternal energy and origin of the entire universe. Fully arriving at the Dao is the main goal of Daoism. Similarly, Brahman is the ultimate end to everything in the universe. In the Bhagavad Gita, Brahman is described as the source from which all beings originate from and eventually return. The fundamental principle of both concepts is, therefore, one and the same. I will specifically focus on vital parts of the two concepts in order to illustrate the parallelism of the eventual goal of the Dao and the Brahman. The emphasis on action with no desire for the “fruit” of the action, Dao and Brahman’s inexpressible essence, and following one’s own duty in order to complement the movement of the universe. These concepts illustrate the similarity between Dao and Brahman and ultimately demonstrate that they are ide...
As one of the greatest founding novels of Taoism, Book of Chuang Tzu serves to strengthen Lao Tzu 's arguments in Tao Te Ching and lays the foundation for Taoism 's place in Chinese philosophy. Because Confucianism and Taoism are two competing philosophy schools that share more outstanding differences than similarities, the followers of both schools often refute and evaluate the ideals of the opposite school. However, the constant appearance of Confucius as the main character in more than twenty chapters in Book of Chuang Tzu not only surprises the readers, but also calls for deep analysis of the roles played Confucius in order to understand the true meaning of this ancient literature. While Chuang Tzu criticizes many of the Confucian ideas
Even though Taoism and many other folk religions have shaped the Chinese mind, Confucianism remains, by any historical measure, its chief mentor” (Novak 113). Therefore, since the two religions grew up together, there are similarities, such as their views on humans, attempting to find harmony in life and in nature, and serve as guides for their followers through self-cultivation and improvement techniques. Confucianism believes that their congregation should have human conduct over the idea of God in their lives, whereas Taoism is formed on the belief that its congregation should create a relationship with nature. This is pointed out by Smith in Experiencing the World’s Religions, “Confucius represents the classical, Lao Tzu the romantic; Confucius stresses social responsibility, Lao Tzu praises spontaneity and naturalness; Confucius focus is on the human, Lao Tzu’s on what transcends the human” (Smith 218).
According to Chinese philosopher, Lao Tzo, “Mastering others is strength. Mastering yourself is true power.” This is a valuable saying because it conveys great wisdom. Mastering may be defined as acquiring a set of skills and developing them into perfection. To add, this quote suggests two different ideas of mastery. “Mastering others is strength” suggests the idea of mastering through acquiring learned skills. Learned skills develop by examining qualities in other people. When Tzo says “mastering yourself is true power,” he suggests that mastering may also be developed through one’s natural skills. These are skills that are inborn and characterized with talents that give you unbound potential. Mastery that stems from one’s natural skills over learned skills is of greater competence because it creates stronger leadership, better mental and emotional well-being, and refines one’s vocation in life.
Lao-Tze founded Taoism around 550 BC. The goal in Taoism is achieve Inner harmony, pea...