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Pat O'Hara took pride in her role in forming the Queensland Association of Gay Law Reform (QAGLR) with Ted Kelk. Initially they published Queensland Gay Action News and lobbied Brisbane politicians from Cairns, but when Ted moved to Brisbane because of his health, and then the Brisbane branch of QAGLR took over the lobbying activities, Pat kept the home fires burning.
A lifelong activist, in 1975 Pat, along with three other local feminists, formed the Women’s Electoral Lobby (WEL). Aspiring to empower women in crisis to take charge of their lives, the group soon identified the need for a women’s shelter to provide a safe haven for desperate women fleeing domestic violence. The Bjelke-Petersen regime opposed women's shelters, believing they
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Bursting in on a discussion of painting techniques hosted by the publican's artist son, Vaughan Rees, and demanding the names and addresses of everyone in attendance, rudely questioning and roughly handling the attendees, the police only realised too late that many of those in attendance constituted the esteemed ladies of the local social set, and those ladies found no amusement in their treatment. They sent the police packing and subsequent complaints from a number of prominent citizens ensured that thereafter the police showed a marked reticence to raid any gathering at Rusty's Pub.
Determined to fight for change, Pat decided to work with Ted Kelk on his plans for Gay Law Reform. "I resigned from the shelter committee in 1985 and for the next five years devoted myself entirely to pushing for gay law reform." Pat received great support from her husband John O'Hara, who joined her in lobbying for law reform, having already shown his support for the gay community as a founding member of CHISC, along with John
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The shop housed a nurse to answer questions and provide advice about HIV/AIDS, by now a local issue, and eventually the Queensland AIDS Council took over the shop as their Cairns branch.
In addition to lobbying politicians, Pat wanted to change local attitudes so, taking advantage of her popularity as a guest speaker at Rotary, Lions, Toastmasters and other local groups, she made gay equality her subject at every meeting she spoke at, and convinced many locals previously unconcerned by the matter, of the injustices faced by the gay and lesbian communities. “I was so angry that gays were treated differently. We are all equal and should be treated the same. It is unfair and unjust to be judged as a person on your sexuality” she said.
In 1990 with Gay Law Reform achieved QAGLR changed its name from Queensland Association of Gay Law Reform to Queensland Association of Gay and Lesbian Rights, and in 1991 after 4 years as Treasurer and Secretary and with the aims of the organisation achieved, Pat stepped down from her
In Vicki L. Eaklor’s Queer America, the experiences of lesbians, gay men, bisexuals, and transgender people in the years since the 1970s gay liberation movement are described as a time of transformation and growth. The antigay movement, threatened, now more than ever, created numerous challenges and obstacles that are still prevalent today. Many of the important changes made associated with the movement were introduced through queer and queer allied individuals and groups involved in politics. Small victories such as the revision of the anti discrimination statement to include “sexual orientation”, new propositions regarding the Equal Rights Amendment and legalized abortion, were met in turn with growing animosity and resistance from individuals and groups opposed to liberal and
For years the LGBT community has been consistently denied the same rights as their heterosexual counterparts, and it wasn’t until last year that same sex marriage became legal throughout the United States. However, they are not the only minorities being discriminated against in the United States. That is why Dolores Huerta, a well-known civil rights activist, points out that people who have experienced oppression should come together to achieve equality. In her keynote speech at the 21st National Conference on LGBT Equality, Dolores Huerta uses ethos, logos, and pathos as an effective way to inspire her audience to make a change in society.
The Golding Sisters lobbied for women’s rights to equal pay and employment. Annie Mackenzie (1855-1934) and Isabella Therese (1864-1940) began their careers teaching in both public and catholic schools (Kingston, 2013). Annie worked with infants and girls and later shifted to teaching at the Asylum for Destitute Children (Kingston, 2013). She was also a member on the State Children Relief Board. Belle left teaching early to pursue a career as the first female government inspector in 1900 (Lemon, 2008). With their sister Kate Dwyer (1861-1949), Labour leader and school teacher, the sister’s began the Womanhood Suffrage League in 1893 and the Woman’s Progressive Foundation in 1901 which aimed to combat the inability for women to work in certain industries and sit on juries (The Sunday Morning Herald, 1933). Belle’s research skills assisted in preparing the sister’s persuasive speeches and statements (Fawkner & Kelly, 1995). In 1921 Kate became a female Justice of Peace (Gallego, 2013). Kate also wrote extensively about politics, industries and women’s questions.
Sojourner finishes the initial emotional connection with her audience through her religion. By making biblical references, Sojourner’s mostly Christian audience related to her as a fellow Christian and responds more positively to her stance on equality. Through these personal anecdotes, Sojourner invites her audience, who are mostly women suffering from their own forms of discrimination, to realize the injustices of which they too are victims. Sojourner plays on the emotions of her audience in order to grab their attention and their willingness for change by sharing her own personal feelings to which they can relate. Sojourner continues her speech with rhythm and repetition, building up an energy in her voice and audience with a brief personal experience followed each time with that same rhetorical question.
However, it was disappointing to see that the government couldn’t do the same. In a similar matter to how Shepard’s death influenced several gay right’s movements, Romaine Patterson was “ gonna be honored in Washington, D.C., from the Anti-Defamation League… Matthew [is guiding] this little path with his light for me to walk down” (Kaufman 96). In The Laramie Project, Matthew Shepard appears to be guiding her to combat anti-gay antics. His death really impacted her life as she commenced activism almost immediately after his death. Although not mentioned in the book, Patterson later founded Angel Action, which worked with the Matthew Shepard Foundation to fight for gay rights. After ten years, Beth Loffreda states, “My gut reaction is that Laramie is a somewhat better place to be than it was ten years ago, but I don’t know how to tell the story of the past ten years without having to think about, both what we’ve done, but also what we haven’t done” (Kaufman 114). Shepard’s death has changed Laramie and its community’s perspective about hate crimes as well as reconsider what actions they should have partaken
In the past decades, the struggle for gay rights in the Unites States has taken many forms. Previously, homosexuality was viewed as immoral. Many people also viewed it as pathologic because the American Psychiatric Association classified it as a psychiatric disorder. As a result, many people remained in ‘the closet’ because they were afraid of losing their jobs or being discriminated against in the society. According to David Allyn, though most gays could pass in the heterosexual world, they tended to live in fear and lies because they could not look towards their families for support. At the same time, openly gay establishments were often shut down to keep openly gay people under close scrutiny (Allyn 146). But since the 1960s, people have dedicated themselves in fighting for
Prior to the 1970’s, members of the LGBTQ community, and especially those who also identified as people of color, were forced to stay silent despite constant discrimination because of their minority statuses. They did not have a voice or means to speak out against the oppression. During the 1960’s, the few safe spaces established for QPOC in urban communities had disappeared, since this particular era was being overshadowed by the Civ...
This statement had caused a huge dispute between the SANBS and the Gay and Lesbian Alliance (GLA)
Mattachine, an activist group in New York, called for a meeting July 16 to organize around gay liberation. Dick Leitsch, an old time leader, tried to lead the meeting. “ Acceptance of gays and lesbians would take time,” he explained, but one young man shouted, “we don't want acceptance, we have got to radi...
The. Trotter, Gayle S. "Independent Women's Forum." Congressional Digest Mar. 2013: 25-31. pp.
The persecution of homosexuals during this age of McCarthy proved exactly how vulnerable they were to attack and discrimination. Out of those persecutions came some of the first organized “gay rights” groups, known as Homophile organizations, the first two being the Mattachine Society and the Daughters of Bilibis (who focused their efforts on Lesbian rights). Founded in 1950 by Harry Hay, the...
"National Organization for Women Political Action Committees." National Organization for Women Political Action Committees. N.p., n.d. Web. 13 Mar. 2011. .
The history of the gay rights movement goes as far back as the late 19th century. More accurately, the quest by gays to search out others like themselves and foster a feeling of identity has been around since then. It is an innovative movement that seeks to change existing norms and gain acceptance within our culture. By 1915, one gay person said that the gay world was a "community, distinctly organized" (Milestones 1991), but kept mostly out of view because of social hostility. According to the Milestones article, after World War II, around 1940, many cities saw their first gay bars open as many homosexuals began to start a networking system. However, their newfound visibility only backfired on them, as in the 1950's president Eisenhower banned gays from holding federal jobs and many state institutions did the same. The lead taken by the federal government encouraged local police forces to harass gay citizens. "Vice officers regularly raided gay bars, sometimes arresting dozens of men and women on a single night" (Milestones). In spite of the adversity, out of the 1950s also came the first organized groups of gays, including leaders. The movement was small at first, but grew exponentially in short periods of time. Spurred on by the civil rights movement in the 1960s, the "homophile" (Milestones) movement took on more visibility, picketing government agencies and discriminatory policies. By 1969, around 50 gay organizations existed in the United States. The most crucial moment in blowing the gay rights movement wide open was on the evening of July 27, 1969, when a group of police raided a gay bar in New York City. This act prompted three days of rioting in the area called the Stonewall Rio...
Gay men and lesbians had to conceal their identities to avoid ridicule and discrimination. Some of the strategies that the movement used were civil disobedience and direct action. When the government wanted to keep homosexuals out of the civil service, discrimination against homosexuals were called by gay activists who held signs saying, “as immoral as discrimination against Negroes and Jews” (Page 764). On the same page, it stated that it was not until ten years later that the Civil Service Commission formally ended its antigay policy. A common goal for this movement was social equality. In addition, a gay bar in New York City resisted a police raid in 1969, known as the Stonewall Riots sparked a critical moment in the Gay Civil Rights Movement. New groups began to form, such as the Gay Liberation Front and the National Gay and Lesbian Task Force. Another tactic that the movement followed was legal action. Michigan passes the first antidiscrimination law and the first openly gay American elected won state office. Lastly, gay activists asked The American Psychiatric Association to remove, “homosexuality” from its’ list of mental
Knapp, Peter, Jane C. Kronick, R. William Marks, and Miriam G. Vosburgh. The Assault on Equality. Westport: Praeger Publishers, 1996.