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Comparing different religions
Review of christian cosmology
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Recommended: Comparing different religions
All religions have stories past down from generation to generation that explain the many wonders of the world that we live in, from why we are here to the way things work and from the creation of this world to what is to become of it. However, many of these stories and explanations draw many similarities to those of other religions. In the readings from Parallel Myths, similarities can be seen between the Hindu stories of “The Thoughts of Brahma,” “Brahma is Lonely,” “Savitri,” and “How Ruda Destroys the Universe” and the Biblical stories of creation and the apocalypse, as well as the Greek Mythological stories of the birth of the Athena, and Orpheus and Eurydice. The first story, “The Thoughts of Brahma,” explains the creation of the current …show more content…
The first commonality is seen at the start of the story when it states, “In the beginning there was nothing but the Great Self, Brahman.” A nearly exact line is seen in the Christian Bible in the Book of John chapter 1: verse 1, “In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God, and the Word was God.” These two stories show the approach to the divine’s creation of the universe and how there was nothing before either God in Christianity or Brahman in Hinduism. Further reading shows that Brahman transforms into Brahma, the creator god, as to have company for himself, creates man and woman, who then create the creatures of the Earth. While not chronologically similar, the Book of Genesis also tells the story of how God created man, woman, and the creature of the earth; however, the creatures were created first, and man and woman were God’s last …show more content…
In Hindu the story “How Ruda Destroys the Universe” depicts the death of this world and how it will end. This is similar to the Book of Revelation in the fact that it is a premonition of what is to come and the stages that the “End” will happen in. However, the Hindu story tells of how the world ends, but then is how it is to be reborn. This is more closely related to the story of Noah and the Ark in Genesis chapters six through nine. The way these stories are related is that in “How Ruda Destroys the Universe” the world is flooded by Vishnu, the restorer in the form of the storm god, Ruda, in order purge the world in order for a new world to be created. In the story of Noah’s Ark, God floods the earth to wipe out the human race because of their wickedness, but He favored Noah and had Noah build an Ark to save two of every animal, as well as him and his wife, sons, and sons’ wives. Noah and his family we saved and repopulated the earth. The similarities are seen not only in the fact of a large-scale, earth-swallowing flood, but also in what the flood represents, an “eraser” of sorts so that the world can be made
Creation stories have profound effects on humans. Those associated with ancient cultures/civilizations aim to ensure the successful survival or well-being of themselves and that particular culture/civilization of their association, but not all are beneficial, prosperous, or fortunate. Mesopotamia’s “The Gilgamesh Epic”, Egypt’s “Hymn to the Nile-Documents”, and Mesoamerica’s Mayan and Aztec creation stories/religion are influential to establishing significant relationships within society, whether that is between humans and nature or humans and their “god(s).”
Even though “The Enuma Elish” and “Theogony” may appear to be similar creation stories, where younger gods overthrow older gods, they actually have a pivotal difference that sets them apart. In the “The Enuma Elish”, the deaths of the gods facilitate creation through the corpses of the deceased. Whereas in “Theogony”, sex enables creation. Throughout the text, Gods give birth either to cultural concepts or to physical aspects of the world. The most significant difference between “The Enuma Elish” and “Theogony” is the driving force of creation.
Hesiod’s Theogony and the Babylonian Enuma Elish are both myths that begin as creation myths, explaining how the universe and, later on, humans came to be. These types of myths exist in every culture and, while the account of creation in Hesiod’s Theogony and the Enuma Elish share many similarities, the two myths differ in many ways as well. Both myths begin creation from where the universe is a formless state, from which the primordial gods emerge. The idea of the earth and sky beginning as one and then being separated is also expressed in both myths.
As human beings, we are designed to belive in something. Although the belief in a higher power or religion is diverse, many theologies share common themes. “The Epic of Gilgamesh” and the Hebrew book of “Genesis” are seemingly polar opposites. Christianity, demonstrated in Genesis, is monotheistic, and the Hebrews base their faith on their relationship with God. On the other hand, Sumerian philosophy, found in Gilgamesh, is polytheistic, and the Sumerian people base their theology on fear. Ancient polytheistic literature forms an archetypical pattern of the mortals trying desperately to please the gods. A mortal’s entire existence rests in the hands of the sometimes childish gods. In spite of this, these two stories
But all share common themes, such as a form of chaos or nothingness before life is created. Joseph Campbell notes that “. the idea of an absolute ontological distinction between God and man – or between gods and men, divinity and nature - first became an important social and psychological force in the Near East, specifically Akkad, in the period of the first Semetic Kings, c. 2500 B.C.,” showing another similar trait – a god or set of gods exists to create in each story (626). Joseph Campbell makes a comparison of how both Genesis and the Book of the Dead of Egypt share the same idea of their bodies belonging to their god in some way, or being reabsorbed into them at death (630-631). Others, like the Japanese and Iroquois creation myths, claim the Earth was once covered entirely of water before land was formed.
In the story Brahma is Lonely, Brahman is just that, lonely, so he takes the form of Brahma. In this form Brahma thinks about the loneliness and his body is split in two creating male and female humans. They would be considered to husband and wife and would be the beginning of humanity. The female would wonder how their love is real if it is just one being mating with another, so the male would change himself into the many different species we see walk the earth every day. Thus the women were to be coy and to play hard to get, and the man may sometimes have to change himself to get the girl. So such all the animals that were made came of the male and female who came from Brahma, so Brahma is in every living thing that came forth from
Both the Theogony and the Creation in Genesis show nature as a blessing for humans but with negative affects, However the myths differ in the ways that the Earth and humans were created and how humans interact with the deities of the creation stories. These differences include how Gods treat humans and why the Gods/God created Earth. These stories are still being passed on in today’s world and are two of the most influential creation stories to have ever been written. The similarities and differences in the creation stories show that different cultures and religions throughout the world really aren’t that far off from each other.
Roman and Greek mythology are filled with multiple interpretations of how the creator, be it the gods or nature, contributed to the birth of the world. These stories draw the backgrounds of the gods and goddesses that govern much of classical mythology. Ovid’s Metamorphoses and Hesiod’s Theogony are two pieces of work that account for how our universe came to be. A comparison of Theogony with Metamorphoses reveals that Hesiod’s creation story portrays the deities as omnipresent, powerful role whose actions triggered the beginning of the universe whereas in Metamorphoses, the deities do not play a significant role; rather the humans are center of the creation. The similarities and differences are evident in the construction of the universe, ages of man, and the creation of men and women on earth.
Over the course of history many different people and cultures have tried to explain human existence. Many forms of arts have been used to express these theories and myths but nothing more popular than literature. Two of the most popular stories of creation include the biblical tale of Genesis and the Babylonian epic, Enuma Elish. Many historians have debated over which of the two stories was derived from the other. While both stories are different and depict different ideals of how the universe came to be they due hold striking similarities.
The tales of Greek heroes and the gods are older than all of us. Most of these tales are thought to be myths, but every interpretation of Greek mythology and the stories that it contains correlates with something in the real world today. The story of the creation of the world, and the stories of the heroes Hercules, Perseus and Theseus, are only but a few of the compelling stories Greek mythology has to offer.
They had similar beliefs, but also immeasurable differences. It was composed of many meaningful gods and goddesses that all played a part in the everyday life of the average Roman and Greek person of that time.
The similarities begin with the creation stories, although these similarities are very minimal. In both the Christian creation story, Genesis, and in many accounts of the
Genesis is the first creation story. God creates, establishes, and puts everything into motion. After putting all of this in motion he then rests. He creates everything on earth in just seven days. Before creation Gods breath was hovering over a formless void. God made earth and all of the living creatures on earth out of nothing. There was not any pre-existent matter out of which the world was produced. Reading Genesis 1 discusses where living creatures came from and how the earth was formed. It’s fascinating to know how the world began and who created it all. In Genesis 1 God is the mighty Lord and has such strong power that he can create and banish whatever he would like. His powers are unlike any others. The beginning was created from one man only, God.
Hundreds of years ago people did not have the technology to explain different forces of nature. They created gods, each with separate powers, to rule their domains. Some of the gods were merciful, some were wicked, and others were merely servants of more powerful gods. Looking at the gods, it is easy to tell what the civilization most valued. I am going to look at the Greek and the Norse gods to compare what was most important to their societies.
Classical Hindu Mythology. Cornelia Dimmitt and J. A. B. van Buitenen. Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 1978. 38-40. Print.