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History of racism in America
The history of racism in us
History of racism in America
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Racism has been around for centuries and is a result of European imperialism and colonialism starting as early as the fifteenth century. Since that time racism has changed very little. While racism today is less vigorous than it may have been during the colonial days, it is still a violent issue plaguing the world today. It is easy to see how many minorities have been attacked and oppressed due to racism all over the world, but there are two sides to the coin on which racism lies. The oppressors face current events and a history that are preventing them from unifying with the oppressed, even if the oppressors want to. Over time racism has been ingrained into society and has led to barriers preventing a truly interconnected world. Minorities …show more content…
Throughout history racism has had many faces and damaged the lives of many people. Such historical events as the American Civil War, and Hitler’s rise before WWII, demonstrate how oppression has crippled and tarnished society at all levels. In the aforementioned events in history and in Richard Wright’s Native Son, racism is a vehicle that often leads to oppression. Because racism and bigotry gives both the oppressed and the oppressor a clouded worldview that leads to a discordant world, racism and bigotry must be abolished. Racism and America go hand in hand. Ever since the the English settled in Jamestown, and even before then, has racism been intertwined in American society. During the mid nineteenth century the issues of racism, slavery, and oppression came to the forefront of daily American life. One of …show more content…
Even though Buckley is no where near as bigoted and racist as Hitler, he is still an oppressor of the masses. Buckley continuously makes statements to threaten and intimidate Bigger into submission by telling him that “those people would like to lynch you” “but the longer they stay around here, the harder it’ll be for us to handle them” (Wright 303). Buckley is referring to the angry mob outside of the prison where bigger is being held. He is trying to oppress even Bigger’s thoughts. By creating a swift trial for Bigger Buckley can garner support for the upcoming election. This will allow him to continue his oppression in the Illinois’ court system and allow for his bigoted actions to have a bigger impact and pollute society across his jurisdiction into blindly following him. Buckley uses his power to oppress and squash all those who oppose his views and to benefit his own agenda. This can be seen not only through his actions and attitude towards Bigger, but towards other characters such as Jan. At Bigger’s inquest Jan was questioned and Buckley asks Jan several questions that had “no earthly relation to the cause and manner of the death of the deceased” (Wright 319). Buckley is using his questioning to tarnish and slander the growing Communist party of the late 1930’s and early 1940’s. Buckley is a perfect example of the knowing oppressive group
The authority figures on the side of the prosecution also abuse their power in The Crucible. Danforth, the judge, steps in and solidifies that he has the final say in any and all convictions. “The village expects to see [seven people] die this morning” and Danforth seeks to do exactly what the village wants to gain their favor (Miller 129). He will convict whoever he wants and not stop the hangings simply because “postponement now speaks a floundering on [his] part” (Miller 129).
He went from optimistic to remorseful though his dialogue, stage directions, and how other’s perceived him and as he tried to fix his mistakes by trying to save those he put in jail, he was able to gather sympathy from the readers. Arthur Miller is able to represent a larger idea through Reverend Hale in retrospect to Communism and society in general. After World War II, the American government spread mass hysteria of Communism which led to innocent people being accused and hanged all thought America. Miller commented on how people did not speak up on how unfair it was and let innocent people’s lives be ruined. This can also be applied to today’s society in which innocent peoples are attacked and barely anyone helps them or stand up for them. People still struggle to speak up because they may be putting something at risk if they do so, but society should get past that in order to make life fair for
...e as simply a waste, however if it is done to help rid one’s community of conformity and hysteria, it is a noble act. Through the enormity of this act, others can be effected, and both their consciences and their actions can be affected. In the McCarthyism era, otherwise known as the Red Scare, it was also necessary for people to put themselves on the line in order to limit the scope of the hysteria and help it to settle down. Even if it meant risking their jobs and reputations, the resistance of these people, including Arthur Miller himself, was a necessary step in calming the hysteria. No matter what type of sacrifice you give, whether it be your reputation, your livelihood, your life, or something a little less drastic, putting your community before yourself is a noble action and without people to carry out this philosophy, hysterias would never come to an end.
When one group or individual has so much power and influence to lead or sentence someone to death, then there is something to worry about. In The Crucible, Abigail has the quality of speaking and always being heard, "I saw Goody Sibber with the Devil!"(Miller 48) After she says this, Thomas Putnam immediately calls the marshal to hand out warrants to the accused. A functional society can't exist without a balance in power.
According to Miller, the political representatives in the United States were abusing their power. Senator McCarthy labeled and targeted many citizens of the United States as communists. After making “a list of two hundred and five people that were known as… being members of the Communist Party”, he went after them claiming they were unloyal to the US and that they were spies for the communist party. The abuse of power in the United States is demonstrated through the actions of the court in The Crucible. The court, consisting of Danforth, Parris, and Hawthorne, pursue the townspeople that are accused of being witches. They use their power to “try” people of their crimes, but real evidence that the person is a witch is never brought up. The way the people are claimed guilty or not was all up to the judgement of the court after hearing a testimony that may or may not be true. The comparison between the two is they both contain over powering leaders that make decisions based on unverified facts. Likewise, Herblock’s “It’s ok… we’re hunting communists” cartoon portrays how McCarthy took cha...
Henry Drummond’s tactfulness allows him to convince a partisan jury of the absurdity of putting a man on trial for simply expressing an unpopular viewpoint. Drummond shows
?What is left when honor is lost?? Publilius Syrus' quote, though dating from 100 B.C., still seems pertinent to our era (Quotations). Many people still feel that once integrity is lost they are nothing and many are willing to stand up to keep their integrity. Without integrity, we are nothing. During the time that Arthur Miller wrote his most famous play, The Crucible, innocent men and women are accused of having Communist leanings. Their whole lives are ruined in a short amount of time because they refuse to compromise themselves by selling out their friends. Miller tries to make a statement about these unfair trials by comparing them to the Salem witch-hunts and trials of 1692. The main protagonist of his play is a man named John Proctor who is accused of witchcraft but stands up to maintain his name and his honor, even though he is hanged for it. During the H.U.A.C. trials some took stands for their beliefs with the knowledge of possibly being shunned by society. Knowing this, instead of taking the cowards' way and giving the names of their friends, they refuse to tell the committee anything in the same way that John Proctor stands up against a court that is ruining the lives of innocent people.
As an act of portraying parallelism, Miller renders the characteristic of self-pride between Danforth and McCarthy. In the play, Miller reveals one of the multiple methods in which Danforth shows his pride. For instance, Danforth “is a grave man in his sixties, of some humor and sophistication that do not, however, interfere with an exact loyalty to his position and his cause” (79). This establishes an image that Danforth is not to be interfered with. Miller enables the reader to understand that Danforth is a sober gentleman when it comes to the court. Danforth’s method of defense against an unanswerable question is using the court as an excuse and turning the question around to get citizens arrested. Likewise, J. Ronald Oakley, author of The Great Fear, noted that McCarthy had a thirst for everlasting fame. McCarthy was once nicknamed “Pepsi Cola Kid” (200) and “Water Boy of the Real Estate Lobby” (200). After all the fame he received, he was still not satisfied. Finally, in an “extemporaneous speech” (200) he was able to get beneath the skins of the citi...
Traditionalism and conservatism have always threatened the “rights” and easily strengthened the “wrongs” of society. Liberal ideals allow some people to see past the norms of the time into the heart of the matter or to predict a better future. Victimized people may be forced to see things differently even if they are not naturally liberal. The Crucible shows how these people—the liberals, victims and liberal victims—fought to stand by what they knew to be right, even when all of the voices and norms of society were against them. In the Salem in the play people who were accused were urged to confess based on the testimonies of others and the traditions of severe religious consequences and
As stated before, racism is not something that people thought of in the last ten years, it is an ongoing theme that has been flowing through the story of the United States. Starting from the enslavement of black Africans, and moving along to the days of when African Americans were separated from white Americans even though they lived in the same country and walked the same streets. Racism is seen all over the world. Hitler killed close to six million Jews during World War II due to the fact that he claimed that Germans were superior. He said that Jews polluted Europe and began “cleaning” it up. “Racism serves both to discriminate against ethnic minorities and to maintain advantages and benefits for White Americans.” This is what Mark Feinberg, PhD, stated about this issue and most people would agree.
Just as it was a sin drift on to the side of the devil in the time of the crucible, it was the same to drift on to the side of communism in the 1950's, when Arthur Miller wrote this play. In the 1950's Senator Joe Macarthy set up a campaign to rid the United States of all communist supporters. These communist trials would be broadcast on national television. It would involve the accused to admit their guilt even though they were completely innocent, and give the names of 10 other would-be communists or face exile, torture, invasion of family privacy etc. Arthur Miller uses the events of the Salem witch-hunts to represent and show what the communist trials of the 1950's were. They were both based on false premises and paranoia, and as more people got involved, more people suffered, this can be summarised by calling it the 'Snowball effect.
American author, John Steinbeck once said, “Power does not corrupt. Fear corrupts - perhaps the fear of loss of power”. As seen in Arthur Miller’s The Crucible, people of authority can feel pressured to go along with actions or make decisions they know are wrong because they fear losing their power and influence in society. They also tend to let to their opinions and motives impact their work and responsibility to make good decisions. The Crucible demonstrates how people of authority, like Parris and Danforth, try to use good judgement to make fair decisions, but are often influenced by their own personal opinions whether they realize it or not.
Even though The Crucible is not historically correct, nor is it a perfect allegory for anti-Communism, or as a faithful account of the Salem trials, it still stands out as a powerful and timeless depiction of how intolerance, hysteria, power and authority is able to tear a community apart. The most important of these is the nature of power, authority and its costly, and overwhelming results. “But you must understand, sir, that a person is either with this court or against it,” says Danforth conceitedly. With this antithesis, Miller sums up the attitude of the authorities towards the witch trials that if one goes against the judgement of the court they are essentially breaking their relationship with God. Like everyone else in Salem, Danforth draws a clear line to separate the world into black and white. The concurrent running of the “Crucible” image also captures the quintessence of the courtroom as Abigial stirs up trouble among the people that have good reputation and loving natures in society. In a theocratic government, everything and everyone belongs to either God or the Devil.
Since the beginning of colonization, America has been controlled by religiously and ethically diverse whites. The most profound cases of racism in the “United” States of America have been felt by Native Americans, Asians, African Americans, Mexican Americans, and Muslims. Major racially structured institutions include; slavery, settlement, Indian reservations, segregation, residential schools, and internment camps (Racism in the U.S., 1). Racism has been felt and seen by many in housing, the educational system, places of employment, and the government. Discrimination was largely criminalized in the mid 20th century, and at the same time became socially unacceptable and morally repugnant (Racism in the U.S., 1). Although racism was
Racism and prejudice has been present in almost every civilization and society throughout history. Even though the world has progressed greatly in the last couple of decades, both socially and technologically, racism, hatred and prejudice still exists today, deeply embedded in old-fashioned, narrow-minded traditions and values.