The Oka Crisis was a land dispute in Canada between the town of Oka, Quebec and the Mohawk community of Kanesatake. In 1989, the mayor of Oka, Jean Ouellette, had announced that the remainder of pine trees near Kanesatake would be removed to add an additional nine holes onto a private, members-only golf course club and the development of sixty condominiums. Three years earlier, the Mohawk people filed a land claim for that area, but had been rejected because it failed to meet key criteria. The development plan was the start of the crisis because that land is a sacred grove and burial ground to the Mohawk people. This resulted in a protest by the Mohawks against the court decision to allow the start of the golf course construction. Members …show more content…
of the Mohawk community assembled a barricade to block the access to the area. The protestors refused Mayor Ouellette’s demand for compliance, so he asked Quebec’s provincial police force to get involved. The police emergency response team attacked the barricade by utilized flash bang grenades and tear gas. This caused shooting between the two sides, but it was unclear who shot first. The police fell back after fifteen minutes of gun battle and their tear gas blew back at them. The Mohawks that were involved in this barricade were joined by natives from all over Canada and the United States. Many roads were blocked off creating angry mobs of people now involved in the situation. Ownership of the pineland had been moved to another level of government as the federal government was approved to purchase the land for $5.3 million.
This purchase was made to stop any further construction. This angered the Mohawks because the land still did not belong to them and that’s what resulted in the crisis in the first place. Upon recognition that the police force could not control the rapidly increasing situation, the Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP) were sent in. It was so out of control that ten RCMPs were put in the hospital because they were unable to control the Mohawks and the mobs. Then, the Van Doos, an infantry regiment of the Canadian Army, were sent to the scene. They took over three barricades and made it to the final blockade that led to the disputed area. This is where the stand-off takes …show more content…
place. Shaney Komulainen was a 27 year old freelance photographer at the time of the Oka Crisis. She was able to capture the iconic moment in the photograph Face off during the Oka Crisis. The photograph features Canadian soldier, Patrick Cloutier, face to face with Mohawk warrior, Brad Larocque. Komulainen had been staking out Oka that summer and was assigned to the south shore of Montreal on the day of the stand-off. She was far away when she heard on the radio that the army was arriving in Oka. Since the bridges were all closed off, she had to take the long way to get there and finally arrived late in the afternoon. She snuck her camera in under her jacket and pretended to be a citizen because the police would not let people through. By the time she entered the area, the army had just got to the edge of the pines. There were many other stand offs going on, but Shaney was focused on this one because of the baby-faced soldier, Patrick Cloutier, who was only nineteen years old. Standing steady and holding her breath to prevent blur, Komulainen captured what is said to be the most famous photo from the 1990 Oka Crisis. The intense stare down between Cloutier and Larocque shows a sense of persistence from both men.
Just as they are standing face-to-face with each other, I am standing face-to-face with procrastination. I encounter difficulty managing my time with just about everything I do; I always wait too long. Throughout high school I was never in a hurry to get any of my work done. The work was easy to me, so if I waited until the last minute to do anything, it wasn’t hard for me to finish. I could always take my time to get everything done and still get a good grade in high school. Even if the work was harder and took me a little extra time, my teachers were all very lenient and accepted late work. My high school was very easy and allowed me to get into the bad habit of procrastinating. High school did not prepare me for college at all. I didn’t even have to take any finals junior or senior year. Everything was very laid back and I felt like I had all the time in the world. My classes consisted of mainly art and band, so I didn’t have a whole lot of tough, time consuming assignments. The longest paper I have ever written was two pages. Even in my AP Calculus class everything was very laid back. I entered college with the same mindset; I thought I could handle
it. When I was told that I would have four weeks to complete each essay for English class, I thought that was plenty of time. Therefore, I didn’t start it right away. I chose a picture, did a little research on it, and then put it aside. Staring at this picture of Brad Larocque and Patrick Cloutier, I had no idea how to relate it to myself. My life has been easy; I didn’t have anything that I was “facing off.” Looking deeper into the background of the photo, I started trying to think of someone taking something away from me, such as the town of Oka was trying to take away the Mohawk’s sacred grove and burial ground. That didn’t help because I couldn’t think of anything being taken away from me. I have waited four weeks to start this essay, and now I know what I am facing. As I am sitting in my living room back home after spending all day trying to write this, I realize how bad I actually let it get. Procrastination certainly has gotten the best of me. Shaney Komulainen got lucky with the shot she took because she almost missed it. Just as Komulainen just barely got that incredible shot, I am just barely able to finish this essay with the amount of time I have given myself. Cloutier and Larocque’s face off is very intense because they are standing their ground; I plan to stand my ground against my procrastination. The Mohawks at the Mercier Bridge blockade negotiated an end to their protest, which resulted in the end of the blockade on the Kahnawake reserve. Once traffic on the Mercier Bridge was smooth again, the government rejected further negotiations, so the Mohawks at Oka felt betrayed by the loss of their most persuasive bargaining chip. A Mohawk warrior went around at the end of the crisis shooting off flares that the army had set up if anyone escaped. The army hosed the man, but didn’t have enough pressure for the whole crowd. This led to the Mohawks throwing water balloons at the army as a tease. The Mohawks went back to their reserve and left the pines after throwing their guns in a fire (upon dismantling them) and burning tobacco. The Canadian forces arrested and detained many of them. Due to the surrender from the Mohawk’s, and the pressure from all of the international attention to the situation, the Quebec government cancelled the plan that started it all. They will no longer expand the golf course. Another result of the crisis was the development of Canada’s First Nations Policing Policy. This policy was made to try to prevent events like this from happening in the future. Oftentimes when people surrender, it is a form of defeat. The Mohawk’s surrender did not conclude with them being defeated since the plan to expand the golf course was terminated. However, my battle with procrastination will not end in surrender. From now on I will manage my time accordingly and get everything done.
In the month of March 1990 Mohawk protesters constructed a barricade to prevent access to the Kanehsatake reserve to prevent construction of a 9-hole golf course. Then on July 11, 1990, Canadian police attack the barricade and a standoff begins. What was once in the name of the Kanehsatake reserve now became a civil rights movement for the First Nations across Canada. Throughout the standoff, police disregarded the basic rights of the Mohawk and negotiations were incredibly difficult resulting in the situation degrading rapidly. What was shown during the Oka Crisis is that the Canadian government failed to recognize that the First Nations as a people and treated them unfairly.
Anxiety. Regret. Frustration. Restlessly glancing at the clock, cringing every time I do. Staring at a blinking cursor, waiting for inspiration. Spending a restless night trying to squeeze out something to turn in the next day. This is a process known all too well by me, and most high schoolers in America, one known as: Procrastination. Procrastination is something easily avoided, and yet, seems to be one of the biggest causes for low grades in most students’ lives. It’s a tempting prospect, putting off your responsibilities to do something enjoyable, but it should be avoided at every possibility. Procrastination causes your grades to suffer, causes your mental health to suffer, and causes you to learn bad habits for the future.
The Oka Crisis was a 78-day standoff between the Kanesatake Mohawk people (soon joined by other Mohawk people), and the Surete du Quebec followed by the Canadian army in July to September 1990. People in the town wanted to expand a golf course that was already built on disputed land, where there was a significant Mohawk cemetery. The Mohawk people have been trying to continuously press the government into recognising their land rights long before that. Since the construction was to happen anyway regardless of concerns from Quebec’s Minister of Environment and Minister of Native Affairs, Mohawk protesters barricaded the construction site, soon joined by protesters from other reserves. The Oka Crisis is an example of how unjust we can be to
The Oka Crisis of 1990 can be considered a defining moment in Canadian history. During an 11-week stand off, Canada watched as Mohawk Warriors fought for the right to autonomy over sacred burial and hunting grounds. The people of Oka had agreed to allow the Provincial government to expand a 9-hole golf course to an 18-hole golf course on the Kanesatake sacred land. The situation escalated when the Aboriginal Peoples created barricades around “The Pines” to keep police and construction crews out. During one of the protests, a police officer was shot and tensions began to rise. During the 78-day stand-off, tear gas was employed by the authorities, and Mohawk Warriors were stoned. The Oka Crisis of 1990 was shortly after the Meech Lake Accord
The Oka Crisis is a historical violent event that occurred in 1990 between the first nations and the Canadian government. It all began on July 11,1990 when the decision of the expansion of a golf course on land that the Mohawk of the Kanesatake had claimed fir years was announced by the mayor of Oka, Quebec (Robinson, 2017). This led to a 78-day standoff between the Mohawk protestors and officials of Oka, later involving the Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP). The protestors had built a barricade to show their ownership of the land, but the police continued to attack with tear gas and concussion grenades (Robinson, 2017). The issue relating to the criminal code is the death of “Cpl. Marcel Lemay, who died during a bungled police raid on a
Procrastination comes from the thought of an individual knowing that they can do the same job at a later time. Everyone has been guilty of procrastinating because it is a human fear that no one can escape. To procrastinate is to put off or defer until another time, in other words it may mean to delay (Marano). In Psychology Today, Hara Marano said “twenty percent of all humans identify themselves as chronic procrastinators” (“Marano”). Procrastination is a human behavior that every college student has experienced at some point in his or her educational paths. For some college students, procrastination is a minor issue, for other college students, procrastination is a way of life that results in stress and could possibly be easily be avoided. Why? Procrastination can be broken down into three categories: how someone is considered a procrastinator, characteristics of a procrastinator, and how to escape procrastination.
From then on, outsiders have claimed this land, free to manipulate it, regardless of the turmoil they cause in the process. This is still seen today, especially in the invasion of indigenous land to build the Dakota Access Pipeline. In a cartoon created by Wolverton, titled Standoff at Standing Rock, two men are depicted, one representing big oil companies and the other a Native American, both of which declare “Get off our land!” (Wolverton). This depicts the discrepancy over who the land truly belongs to, however, the oil companies do not have rights over this land. According to Washington Post author Sullivan, this land belongs to the indigenous people and this new pipeline would “run within a half-mile of the Standing Rock Sioux Reservation” (Sullivan). With the invasion of a reservation comes disruption of religious practices, burial grounds, destruction of artifacts, and overall the downfall of an already vulnerable society. From the trail of tears to countless broken treaties, Native Americans have been pushed off their land and this pipeline is no exception. These reservations hold more importance than just representing native land, they represent an attempt to treat natives with the respect they deserve after their neglect. So by once again invading their land, the government not only goes back on their word, they show the natives that money is worth more
Therefore, the Native Americans were being pushed out of their territory by the american settlers. This created a large conflict between tribes because certain Native american tribes were forced to move into another tribe's land. Another conflict was between the emigrants and the Native Americans because of them being pushed out of their land. Many fights, murders, and thefts happened from both sides due to the new settlement in the West. The U.S government tried to create peace by offering the Ft. Laramie Treaty of 1851 to the Native Americans. It called for peace among all rival tribes as well as offered each tribe $50,000 each year for ten years. In exchange for this, the government asked for the rights to build roads, railroads, and to have emigrants be able to travel into their territories with peace. This treaty did not last very long for because a new conflict had risen among the settlers and Native Americans. A Lakota member had mistaken a emigrant’s cow for an abandoned one so therefore they butchered it for food. Lt. John Grattan and 29 soldiers had arrived to investigate the problem and shot fire against the Native Americans. The Native americans retaliated and ended up killing all of the soldiers. Similar conflicts were happening all over the west between the two sides having all sorts of different outcomes. More peace treaties were being made and were offered to try to calm down the rivalry.
There are many obstacles that I may encounter that are both internal and external. A huge potential barrier between me and my meaningful and significant life is my internal struggle with time management. Procrastination is something I am very good at. I know it's nothing to brag about but sometimes I feel like I just can't help it. Even when I actually am focu...
My High School life has helped shape the way for my college experiences that I will face. My senior year in high school is not the same as many other high school students. I am taking many advanced classes to help me prepare for college. These classes help me better understand exactly how much harder I must work to succeed.
The definition of procrastination according to Solomon & Rothblum is the determined delay of the start or completion of a task (1984). Procrastinators will also differ from those who do not procrastinate in numerous ways. An example would be that procrastinators often fear failure, strive for perfection, may be slightly pessimistic and more anxious, which may become worse when they realize they are procrastinating (McCown & Johnson, 1991) or when deadlines are approaching (Tice & Baumeister, 1997). The personal and realistic problems that result from dysfunctional procrastination are predominantly acute in academics, as the inclination to put off school-related tasks often result in challenging levels of stress (Solomon & Rothblum 1984), on the whole the end of the academic semester would be the peak (Tice & Baumeister, 1997).
High school, along with college are two major stepping stones in a person’s life. Many individuals are able to make the transitions from high school to college pretty easily, while there are others that find the transition into college to be somewhat challenging and hard to adjust to. When I made the jump from high school to college, I found that there are vast differences between the two, and both had very diverse environments. I found the key differences concerning high school and college to be the level of academic responsibilities, time management and scheduling, as well as the methods learning to be the main differences.
High school has been a very interesting experience for me. It has definitely had its highs and lows and many confusing experiences in between. Overall, I feel like I have been equipped for not only college, but also life as a whole. High school has taught me many things, both academically and emotionally. It has revealed and exposed my true colors, both good and bad, and as a result, has built many aspects of my character. My experiences at Alameda High school and Alameda Community Learning Center have shaped me into the person that I am today.
The definition of procrastination is: the action of delaying or postponing something. Tim Urban, who conducts a speech called Inside the Mind of a Master Procrastinator for TED in 2016, explains that every human is a procrastinator- some more than others. I agree with everything he says in his speech because I can connect with every piece of evidence he claims, mostly including that there is a “Panic Monster” that pops up in your brain when you are close to a deadline and haven’t gotten anything done, especially when it comes from why I’m always so stressed out about school. There are two different kinds of procrastination: deadline and non-deadline. (Urban, 2016) Everyone that I have ever met is a procrastinator
After spending three hours perusing the internet on articles about procrastination and time management, with two of those hours spent looking at planners, apps, and other various materials that theoretically will help me stop procrastinating, I suppose it is time to actually start writing my paper about procrastinating. I’ve fallen into the learned habit that I work best under pressure; however, the process of procrastination is always laced with acute anxiety and hassle, even if I ultimately finish the assignment on time. I am on a journey to find out why people procrastinate and hopefully find attainable solutions to the problem of procrastination, but first I must go outside and play in the snow.