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Love compared and contrasted through the aeneid and odyssey
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The Ancient Greeks had 3 things they loved more than anything: Mythology, heroes, and love. They loved to write stories of heroes, strange creatures, conquests, and, most of all, the love stories of different people. Heroes, gods, queens, princesses, and regular people all had obsessive passion about the person (or people) that they loved. Numerous cases of rejection, love stories, or wars brought on by a spouse being kidnapped are all at the heart of Greek mythology and culture. I believe that the Greeks worshipped love above all else and they valued love more than life itself. First, we see examples of obsessive love in the ancient Greek Mythological Stories. Orpheus went down into the under-world in order to retrieve his wife. Several people committed suicide or serious crimes of their day in order to be with their love. Numerous people would do terrible things for their love interests. It was very …show more content…
There are multiple tales where rejection from their loves persuaded people to commit suicide. Adrastus, Dido, Erysichton, Heracles and Jocasta are some of the many, many people who killed themselves in Greek Mythology. Many others killed themselves specifically because of rejection from their loves, which shows that, in their mind, it was either have my love interest, or die. This suggests that the Greeks cared more about having someone they loved than having life. Third, the Greeks treated the people they loved differently than we do. If you truly loved someone, then you would want was is best for them, but the Greeks did not. In some cases, if someone was rejected, they would turn their loved one into something. A tree, a bear, a plant, a constellation. This is not exactly what is “best” for them. Others killed people if they were rejected by them. This is not truly loving someone. In the case of Theseus, he “loved” Ariadne and vise-versa, but he still deserted her on an island. This was an example of strange
Lust is defined as an intense longing or a sexual desire. It is a common theme in literature; particularly in classic Greek literature. The reason it is so prevalent in literature is that is prevalent in our daily lives. Everyone lusts after something or someone. It is an interesting topic to examine closely, and classic literature is an excellent medium for such an investigation. Two works I have studied, in which lust is a theme, are an epic, Homer's The Odyssey, and a play, Aristophanes’ Lysistrata. In both The Odyssey and Lysistrata, lust is a theme that plays a major role in the course of the story, making the stories similar, but very different.
Zeus needs no introduction, as the Greek mythological god of the sky his name and tales are known throughout the world. Born from Cronus his father and Rhea his mother Zeus was the sixth son of the two. After Cronus ate his first five children Rhea gathered the strength to save her next child which was Zeus. Rhea tricked Cronus in to eating a stone by rapping it up in a swaddle of cloths instead of her new born; she sent her child to the island of Crete to Mt. Dikte where he was raised by a goatee. As Zeus matured to a young adult he became strong and made his father Cronus throw his siblings up. His five sibling concluded of Demeter, Hestia, Hera, Hades, and Poseidon. The siblings shared rule of the world; the most known gods are Zeus whom made himself ruler of the sky, Poseidon who was given the sea and Hades was handed the Underworld. As the sky god Zeus acquired powers, responsibilities, and other perks; powers that included his weapons the lightning bolt, and the power to morph into man and animal, his reasonability to look over man enabled him to observe people in time of war and in their most personal of times. As a sky god Zeus was expected enrich the mortal chain; that lead him to have many loves and affairs.
There are many essential emotions that form the building blocks of our lives. These emotions help to shape the people that we are. These feelings are emotional necessities to ultimately keep us happy. No piece of literature these feelings more evident than the Odyssey by Homer. Throughout the course of this book there is one major emotional theme: love.
Pausanias brings up an excellent way to think about Love. He explains that love can be broken down into two types, that of Common and Heavenly love. The common love is that when a man and a woman join merely to satisfy their sexual desires. On the other hand the heavenly love is the type that occurs when two people are attracted to each other with a strong force that goes past the physical appearance but comes from deep within as if from the soul. Although Plato presents examples of the two loves with having the common love as if only happening between a man and a woman and the heavenly love happening between a man and a man, there is not enough proof in the text to say that this if what the whole of Athens really believed.
In the Symposium, a most interesting view on love and soul mates are provided by one of the characters, Aristophanes. In the speech of Aristophanes, he says that there is basically a type of love that connects people. Aristophanes begins his description of love by telling the tale of how love began. He presents the tale of three sexes: male, female, and a combination of both. These three distinct sexes represented one’s soul. These souls split in half, creating a mirror image of each one of them. Aristophanes describes love as the search for the other half of your soul in this quote: “When a man’s natural form was split in two, each half went round looking for its other half. They put their arms around one another, and embraced each other, in their desire to grow together again. Aristophanes theme is the power of Eros and how not to abuse it.
Obsessive Love Disorder is a condition where someone feels an obsessive desire to possess and protect another person in which they think they’re in love with. In Romeo and Juliet both main characters feel and obsessive attraction towards each other that disables their will to participate in recreational activities and interact with other characters normally.
According to Aristophanes, “Love is the desire of the whole, and the pursuit of the whole is called love.” (Page 8). Love is the name that human beings give to the desire for wholeness, the desire to be restored to original human nature. Love is important given the kind of creatures humans are; it is the only thing that can lead to happiness. Human beings innately find themselves as lacking – as incomplete and wounded. Love is important because it presents itself as a chance to heal this incompleteness. Just by existing, human beings feel this lack; it is innate. Love is the desire to fill that lack/incompleteness. Human beings fall in love in an attempt to become whole again.
In Greek mythologies there is a pattern of sex, love, and regret that occurs between the men and the women, beginning with Zeus and Hera. It also consists of the male being narcissistic and the female becoming derogated and the two later producing more narcissistic males and derogated females. Which is present in the family tree that starts with Zeus and Callisto, branches to the daughters of Stheneboa and ends with Heracles and Auge.
The ancient Greeks lived in an influential and creative time. Music filled the streets, sculptures towered over the city and masterpieces hung on walls everywhere. Children were being educated which led to great philosophers in the future. This city-state was flourishing and is now known today as one of the most advanced ancient civilizations. As progressive as these people were sadly, they were held back by their own beliefs. The fear of a raging hurricane controlled by Poseidon or one of Zeus’s deadly lightning bolts left people scared that these awful things could happen to them which made following the lessons of the stories a lot easier than thinking for themselves. When the consequences were so deadly why wouldn’t you follow the rules? The gods were a great way to describe what was going on around them. It was an easier explanation then a scientific equation. The Greeks were not encouraged to think for themselves but were rather expected to follow the lessons of the myths in love, character traits and in the afterlife.The ancient Greeks grew up with stories of cursed lovers and doomed mortals for falling in love with immortals. Love was a dangerous thing in Greece and falling in love with the wrong person could mean disaster. A great example of being punished for falling in love are Cupid and Psyche. Venus was so jealous of Psyche’s beauty she tried to put a spell over her and make her fall in love with an awful beast (Hamilton, 97). When that didn’t work she made her do impossible tasks (Hamilton, 102). Hera is another imp...
Love is a force that can overtake large adversities and can stumble over small challenges. Love is an intense feeling of deep affection. Love is eternal, but can be deflected. Different forms of love are expressed by Othello, Desdemona, and Iago in Shakespeare’s play Othello. As a result of romantic love, Desdemona splits from her family, and Othello slays his wife. Next, familial love, not as dominant as romantic love, is evidenced in Desdemona's choice to marry Othello against her family's requests. Lastly, Self-love is the basis for characters such as Iago and Othello to abandon moral reason. Love comes in different forms.
Religiously the Greeks thought highly of their gods and goddesses. Greek mythology is comprised of tales that describe adventures of the Gods and how they came to be. The Greek people believed that their deities controlled their destiny. If they did all that the Gods asked them to then their lives would be fruitful and rewarding. If the people did not do as the Gods
One perspective shown through Sappho, is the evanescent nature of love. Her only fully recovered poem, known as “Prayer to Afroditi”, was written for a cult of young women formed by Sappho, and meant as a performance for the goddess Aphrodite (encyclopedia.com). Due to this, the anonymous speaker can be assumed female. She vocalizes for Aphrodite, saying the goddess would ask, “Whom shall I persuade again to take you into her love?” This suggests that within Greek society, love and passion are acceptably fleeting. The speaker recognizes that her “crazy heart” is frequently falling in love and she’s asked for many favors,
According to the stories by Edith Hamilton in Mythology, love can be deadly/dangerous/woeful, inevitable/necessary/destined, and sweet/helpful. To begin, Hamilton shows that love can be sweet and helpful. This is the case with Ceyx and Alcyone in “Ceyx and Alcyone.” Love ended up saving one of the lover’s life. When Ceyx went on a sea voyage, Alcyone warned him that it would be perilous and that he could die because the winds are so vicious and acute. “She told him with streaming tears and in a voice of broken sobs, that she knew as few others could the power of the winds upon the sea. In her father’s palace…‘I have seen the broken planks of ships tossed up. Oh, do not go…at least take me with you. I can endure whatever comes to us together” (110). However, Ceyx loved Alcyone so much that he did not want her to get hurt, so he did not let her go with him. A vicious hurricane hit the sea the day that Ceyx sailed. He ended up dying but was happy that Alcyone was unscathed. “The men on the quivering, battered boat mad with terror, all except one who thought only of Alcyone and rejoiced that she was in safety” (111). In this case Ceyx’s love for Alcyone was sweet and ended up helpful for his lover; had he let her come along she would have most likely died. His love for her was too strong. At the end the gods pitied the situation and resurrected Ceyx and made him and Alcyone birds so they could live happily ever after. Thus, in this story, love was helpful in two ways—it helped save Alcyone’s life, and love ultimately was responsible for turning Alcyone and Ceyx into birds where they lived happily, together, for a very long time. “Pygmalion and Galatea” also shows how love can be benevolent and helpful. Pygmalion was a “woman-hater” u...
The Greeks were fascinated by the study of the human body. This led to a term known as Humanism or “the measure of all things”. This philosophy is quite evident in Greek sculpture. They believed that the human body was a temple. Even their God’s and Deities were humanized. Unlike Gods and Goddesses of past civilizations, the Gods and Goddesses of Ancient Greece “differed from human beings only in that they were immortal.” (pg 85). If you look at the classical Greek philosophers, like Thales, Pericles, and Epicurus, you'll see that their philosophies were very humanist, promoting man as the measure of all things. They took a critical view on the beliefs in gods and the supernatural, and promoted rational thinking and the use of logic to solve everyday problems. This concept of Humanism led the Greeks to create what we now call Democracy, and what we now know as the modern Olympic Games along with that of literature, science and the arts… the contributions from Ancient Greece are still felt to this day.
with some very different views of love as brought to us by Agathon, Phaedrus and