Object Oriented Programming OOP is a programming language model organized around Objects rather than "actions" and data rather than logic. a program has been viewed as logical procedure that takes input data and processes it, and return the output data. The programming challenge is how to write logic, not how to define the data. OOP takes the view what we really care about are the objects we want to manage a bit than the logic required to manage them. The first step in Object Oriented Programme is to identify all the objects the programmer wants to mange and how they relate to each other, an exercise often known as data modelling Once an object has been classify, it is generalized as a class of objects. OOP LANGUAGES Simula Java Python …show more content…
Effort to write code in Object Oriented Programming Language is high. Because planning should be done before writing every single code. Concepts Of OOP The concept of a data class makes it possible to define subclasses of data objects that share some or all of the main class characteristics. Called Inheritance, this property of object oriented programming forces a more thorough data figure out, reduces development time, and ensures more accurate coding. Since a class defines only the data it needs to be concerned with, when an instance of that class (an object) is run, the programme will not be able to accidentally access other program . This characteristic of data hiding provides greater system security and avoids unintended data corruption. The definition of a class is reusable not only by the program for which it is initially created but also by other object-oriented programs (and, for this reason, can be more easily distributed for use in networks). The concept of data classes allows a programmer to create any new data type that is not already defined in the language
1.) Based on your own knowledge of some of the application types discussed in class(lecture 1), explain, with examples, why different application types require specialized software engineering techniques to support their design and development.
Johnson, R. and Foote, B. (1988) “Designing reusable classes”. In: Journal Of Object-Oriented Programming, v.1, n. 2, p. 22-35, Jun./Jul.
There are two types of data. They are unstructured and multi-structured. Unstructured data comes from information that isn’t organized or easily interpreted by traditional databases or data models. This is usually in text format.
Somerville, I., 2004. Software Reuse. In: Sommerville, ed. Software Engineering. Harlow: Pearson Educational Limited, pp. 416-418.
OB is directly concerned with the understanding, predicting and controlling of human behavior in organization. (According to Luthans) organizational behaviors is involved a large number of employees, human resources, huge investment and complex technology, ordination, chain of command, rule and procedures.
For years, C++ (C Plus Plus) has dominated the business market place for many different companies and has allowed many computer programmers to obtain vast amounts of knowledge and experience since 1972 when it was first developed by Dennis Ritchie of AT&T Bell Laboratories (Lambert / Nance Page 16). It has been in use for almost thirty years – not to mention the years before when it’s precursor C was developed and commonly used also – and has made a great impact on the development of software for business’ across the world. It has become a second nature programming language to those that use it and have been forced to stay with C++.
Carrano, F. M., 2012, 2007, 2003. Data structures and Abstractions with Java. 3rd ed. New Jersey: Prentice Hall, Inc..
Component Based Architecture creates a system that is easily extensible, promotes software reuse and intuitively understandable. A component often relates to an object in Object Orientated Programming. The RUP provides a systematic way to build this kind of system, focusing on producing an early executable architecture before committing full resources on a project.
A database is a structured collection of data. Data refers to the characteristics of people, things, and events. Oracle stores each data item in its own field. For example, a person's first name, date of birth, and their postal code are each stored in separate fields. The name of a field usually reflects...
Compilers collect and reorganize (compile) all the instructions in a given set of source code to produce object code. Object code is often the same as or similar to a computer's machine code. If the object code is the same as the machine language, the computer can run the program immediately after the compiler produces its translation. If the object code is not in machine language, other programs—such as assemblers, binders, linkers, and loaders—finish the translation.
Some of the disadvantages of object orientated programming are as follows; Andrew Hardwick. (2007} states that it is “not ideal for doing small quickly-written one-off programs”. Another drawback of object orientated programming is that it requires a lot of prior planning and so it doesn’t hold the advantages of developing in increments in other methods such as agile
This makes it easier to change the code as programmers are encouraged to place code in different classes rather than just one so it is less directly accessible by the computer system. Unlike procedural programming which uses an algorithm, object oriented programming is made simpler to code. Examples of a object oriented language would be C++, Java and Microsoft Visual Basic.
Finally, the first step in data handling is being able to sort your data into categories. Knowing how to sort and classify is obviously crucial to this process. Once the data has been sorted according to its different attributes it is then easy to represent it in a graph or table.
Computer programming can as well be defined as a process that leads from an original formulation of a computer problem to execute problems. Computer programming is also referred to as programming. It encompasses other activities such as understanding, analysis and generally solving problems that result in algorithm, verifying the algorithm requirements and coding algorithm in a target program language. The program also involves the implementation of the build system and managing derived artifacts like computer programs machine codes. Most often, the algorithm is represented in human-parseable languages such as Java, Python, Smalltalk among others.
Software engineering was suggested at a NATO conference in 1968 to talk about the software crisis. “Software crisis” was the name give to problems encountered in the development of large and complex systems . In the early 1970s, notions of structured programming started coming up. In the late 1970s, early