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Child and development psychology
Child and development psychology
Investigation of child development
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All development is contextual meaning that development can occur in places like churches, communities, and businesses. Development can also occur within family members, group of friends or with just everyday people. Development can be influenced by three major factors: normative age-graded and normative history-graded influences and non-normative life events. These influences can have either a big or a small impact on both the individual and the individual’s environment.
Normative age-graded influences have biological and environmental factors that occur to a specific age group. Examples of biological factors are being potty trained and starting to vocalize. Examples of environmental factors are starting kindergarten, learning to drive, and high school graduation. A normative age-graded influence that has occurred in my life is obtaining my license. At the age of sixteen I took a Driver’s Ed course and was taught the art of driving. For Pennsylvanian students the course was not required however if the students took the course the cost of our insurance would go down. So I sat through the three-hour course for five days and learned all kinds of things about driving. I learned that driving a car is a weapon and can kill anybody and anything without hesitation, to remain calm in any situation especially accidents, and always place your hands on the steering wheel between ten and two. Driving gave me greater freedom but with that freedom came with a lot of responsibility. For example, I went to the grocery store when my parents needed something and took my brother to the bus, school or to a sports practice. Basically my life had become driving all over God’s green earth. A good outcome for me was not having to pay insurance and not ha...
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...lopment is contextual and can change by big or small impacts just like people can be changed by good or bad influences. As humans we constantly change due to our changing environment. Because of these changes three major factors can have an impact on us: normative age-graded and normative history-graded influences and non-normative life events. These three factors can either have a biological or environmental influences on an individual’s development. A normative age-graded and normative history-graded influence that has occurred in my life was getting my driver’s license at the age of sixteen and experiencing the legalization of same-sex marriage. A non-normative life event that I experienced was getting adopted from Russia at the age of eight. All these influences have impacted my development and my character one way or another and have made me the person I am today
Both Erik Erikson’s (1963) theory and Mary Ainsworth and John Bowlby (1973) theory support the idea that early life experiences impact the person across their lifespan. Both theories believe that personality begins to develop from a young age and therefore occurrences in early life can have lasting impacts on the developmental of an individual. An individual’s social and psychological development is significantly influenced by early life and childhood experiences. The experiences an individual has as a child impacts on the development of social skills, social behaviours, morals and values of an individual.
One of the greatest influences on a person lis their family. For the duration of a person’s childhood, the majority of time is spent with family members. A family sustains a child’s livelihood and they work to determine how a child will mature in the hope of sustaining a successful future. Over this period, family members’ opinions and views wear off on the individual, causing a change in perception.
...luence on my life. I believe that social forces that impact my life are actually quite similar to those that impact my grandmother’s life. Although they differ slightly, these social forces impact her life just as much as they do mine. The only real difference is that she has to attend work while I have to attend school. Despite growing up in a time of undeveloped technology, she is learning how to operate technology because technology is becoming more advanced every day.
A common dispute that has left people speechless for years is the debate between nature and nurture. Are humans influenced by their environments or their genetic make-up? This theory has not gone unnoticed while many theorists attempt to sway the opinions of their audience. Nature is comprised of our genetic and biological components that make us who we are while nurture is founded on the principle that humans are influenced by experience. I believe nature and nurture fall on a spectrum. Within the spectrum environmental, cultural, and genetic influences comprise a person’s unique
Lifespan development is discontinuous. It is a process in which new ways of understanding and responding to the world emerge at specific times. Although there is evidence that indicates that both continuous and discontinuous contributes to lifespan development, I believe that most of life can be described as discontinuous. Psychoanalytic perspective states that people go through a series of stages in which they confront conflicts between biological drives and social expectations, how they resolve these conflicts determines the person’s ability to learn, get along with others and to cope with anxiety. This theory explains that during this period of the child’s life they will set the course for the rest of their life based on these conflicts
nurture argument. Theorists have wondered how much of development is affected by genetics and the environment. Ultimately, nature and nurture intertwine to shape the lives of children. Nature may predispose children to certain behaviors if placed in specific environments, however the timing of the environmental exposure and the child’s natural tendencies also play a role. Theorists have also discussed the extent to which development is universal and how much of it is unique to individuals. There are consistencies that have been noted universally yet; theorists have observed variations in their competency in different tasks and way of life that may be contributed to genetics or the environment. Lastly, theorists debate about whether changes in development can be portrayed as qualitative where it involves dramatic changes or quantitative in which development is a steady progression. These debates have merits independently but require each other for a better understanding of child
Psychosocial development throughout the Life Cycle theory (sometimes known as individual development theory) proposes that each individual has the ability to master their environment at all stages of life (Coady & Lehman, 2008; Hutchison, 2008). The theory had its beginnings in Freud’s psychosexual stages of child development; however Erikson is responsible for laying the groundwork for the theory as it is known today, by proposing an epigenetic model of human development (Hutchison, 2008).
When I think back to the events that shaped me, I can think of many that had a great effect on my life. The time period that I grew up in and still developing in, is a time of change. Change like an African American president, a women nomine, smart phones, self-driving cars, where to start. To help analyze what influenced my development I will break it down into normative age-graded influences, normative history-graded influences, and non-normative life event.
The importance of an individual’s lifespan has to be taken into account in order to fully understand the human development. Throughout this module I have learned that an individual’s lifespan consists of several beliefs that form a group of perspectives, that gives a consistent outlook on the nature of development. The concept of lifespan development is the study that observes patterns of growth and change and stability in one’s behavior that occurs throughout one’s lifespan. An interesting thing I picked up is that lifespan development derives from other features, such as sociology, that suggest that this field of lifespan development did not completely originate from developmental psychology. There are different areas in a lifespan such as
Throughout our lives we are influenced and taught by many. It can have an effect on the way we view problems and events within public boundaries. One of the most important and most effective influences children have in their lives comes from their families. The family can have both a positive and a negative influence on their lives. The family
I believe that a child’s growth is developmental, and each child needs a secure caring and motivating atmosphere in which to grow and developed emotionally, intellectually, physically, and socially. I believe nature and nurture are the two aspects that influence in child development. Nature and nurture are different in several ways, but they both play an important role in child development. I believe that the environment that a person grows up in has the most influence on child development because children reflect what they are taught and what they learn from the people around them.
For my reflection paper I chose to write about chapter 9 that talks about lifespan development. This chapter grabbed my attention and I found it most interesting. In the textbookit discusses how there are certain factors that uncontrollably make us who we are. Those factorsare "unique combination of genes you inherited from your biological mother and father. Another is the historical era during which you grew up. Your individual development has also been shaped by the cultural, social, and family contexts within which you were raised." (Pg.352) The patterns of our lives are because of developmental psychology. "Developmental psychology is a scientific approach which aims to explain growth, change and consistency though the lifespan. Developmental
In the book, Human Behavior: The Changing Life Course by Elizabeth D. Hutchinson it states, “Life course perspective, looks at how biological, psychological and social factors act independently, cumulatively, and interactively to shape people’s lives,” (Hutchinson, 2015). The characteristics of a person are affected by their environment which affects the way they live there life. The timing of when events happen in someone’s life can affect the way they develop. Childhood and adolescent years are a crucial part of someone’s development when they face traumatic experiences. If they have these experiences at a young age it affects how they interact as an adult. When a case is involved with the DCPP, we intervene with many of the child’s life
The second event that impact my development was when my father got promoted at his job, our life had shifted 180 degree and became more comfortable. My father started making more money and working less hours and that’s gave him an opportunity to spend more time with us. All these factors
In this case, these factors may develop during the life span and daily activities. First, biological factors have a produce generic, neurological, or physical conditions that part of human development. Second, Social context is about society and family influences. For example, values, traditions, and beliefs are part of the culture. In addition, language is part of the social context that 's how we influence to speak during the childhood. For instance, language abilities that are a representatives the social class and ethnicity influence that is a children 's language (Hetherington & McIntyre, 1975). Similarly, language is how long with mother language a culture you are growing up. For example, I learned in Spanish; because I raised in Mexico, and I moved to the United States, and I had to get to speak English. Gollin & Moody (1973) found that function of two sentences in the simple sentence and simple naming conditions how is language structure function either semantic or syntactic (p. 26). After that, we may understand how a relationship between is in the social-cultural, cognitive development, and learning helps to understand our language. Third, environmental factors are more particular situation changes with influence behavior and development. For example, if a child has on the environment where the violent place; and a child is, has an aggressive