Knowing how to troubleshoot a network may be the most vital skill in the field of Information Technology and Network Administration. These positions fall into two very different categories; configuration and troubleshooting. Configuration tasks prepare for the expected and require detailed knowledge of system software, but are normally predictable. Once a system is properly configured there is rarely any reason to change it. In contrast, network troubleshooting deals with the unexpected. These issues are usually unique and sometimes difficult to resolve. Troubleshooting frequently requires knowledge that is conceptual rather than detailed. To approach a problem properly, you need a basic understanding of TCP/IP (Hunt & Thompson, 1998). …show more content…
Like the Open System Interconnection (OSI) model, TCP/IP has its own model. The TCP/IP network model represents reality in the world, whereas the OSI model represents an ideal. The TCP/IP network model has four basic layers. The first layer, Network interface layer, deals with all physical components of network connectivity between the network and the IP protocol. Next the Internet layer contains all functionality that manages the movement of data between two network devices over a routed network. Then the Transport layer manages the flow of traffic between two hosts or devices, ensuring that data arrives at the application on the host for which it is targeted. And last, the Application layer acts as final endpoints at either end of a communication session between two network hosts …show more content…
Keep your users informed. This reduces the number of duplicated trouble reports and the duplication of effort when several system administrators work on the same problem without knowing others are already working on it. If you're lucky, someone may have seen the problem before and have a helpful suggestion about how to resolve it. Don't neglect the obvious, check plugs, connectors, cables, and switches. Also, many diagnostic tools are available ranging from commercial systems with specialized hardware and software that may cost thousands of dollars, to free software that is available on the Internet. With your Network Operating System several built-in software tools that can help you gather information about system configuration, addressing, routing, name service, and other vital network components (Hunt & Thompson, 1998). Knowing how to use these tools is an essential factor in maintaining a
Authentication Header (AH) and Encapsulating Security Payload (ESP) are a part of the IPSec components, they are network layer protocols allowing secured communications through a VPN tunnel. Within a firewall to enable communication for AH one will use protocol 50 and for ESP protocol 51 (Frankel, Hoffman, Orebaugh & Park, 2008), both protocols 50 and 51 can be enable within the same end-to-end IPSec connection which is the Tunnel Mode connected by two gateways. Nonetheless, for Transport Mode, there are some restrictions in the order in which they appear. While AH supports connectionless integrity and authentication of the packets, ESP provides data origin authentication and confidentiality through the use of encryption, both AH and ESP provide
An example of a highly important protocol which will be utilized at application level, is HTTP or hypertext transfer protocol. HTTP is the protocol used within web browsers and the entire internet to send and receive specific web page data. HTTP is a controlling protocol, as it determines how documents should be sent, and what the browser should do in response to commands. When accessing a web page, a HTTP command is sent to the pages web server, so that the server may send that specific page’s data to the user. PCO’s Learning Centre will be using the hypertext transfer protocol on a regular basis. In order for students to access web pages, the HTTP must exist to ensure speedy and accurate navigation, especially in a learning
IP – The Internet Protocol (IP) - is the method or protocol by which data is sent from one computer to another on the Internet. Each computer (known as a host) on the Internet has at least one IP address that uniquely identifies it from all other computers on the Internet.
Don’t hesitate to bring in experts to make sure your network is configured properly. Correct assessment, however the lesson doesn’t factor in when to bring in an expert. Despite an over-reliance on technology, there needs to be a timeframe for this expert and how their analysis will support overall technological requirements.
James Haley. San Diego: Greenhaven Press, 2005. Current Controversies. Rpt. from "Technology Is the Key Security in Wisconsin Supermax."
Penetration testing - using tools and processes to scan the network environment for vulnerabilities, [03& T, J.K et al. 2002] there are many different types of vulnerability assessments. Penetration Testing focuses on understanding the vulnerabilities of components that you’ve made available on the network as seen from the perspective of a skilful and determined attacker who has access to that network. It will provide a thorough overview of the ...
Growing up, you will be met with changes that will cause your life to be entirely different than it used to be. In doing so, you will find that you have lost connections with the people you loved in your past. This outcome results from the process of losing connections, which consists of stages of change, focus, regret, and acceptance.
Paisley. "The Impact of a Cyber War." Defense Tech RSS. N.p., 16 Jan. 2008. Web. 21 Nov. 2013. (Source H)
Hettinger, Mike, and Scott Bousum. "Cybersecurity." TechAmerica Cybersecurity Comments. N.p., n.d. Web. 11 Mar. 2014. .
Networks in organisation are dynamic and complex entities which can be quite challenging to configure and manage. (Kim & Feamster 2013). These corporate networks consist of multiple routers, switches, firewalls, middleboxes and a particular advantage of network management is the ability to monitor the entire business network. As all the devices are interconnected with many event occurring simultaneously, problems with once device can eventually lead and spread throughout...
After conducting a thorough research of tools to analyze and troubleshoot a network, we decided to use Ethereal. Many versions such a Sniffer® Portable by Network General and Observer® by Network Instruments provided more options but were only available in “demo” versions and didn’t provide full functionality. Since we wanted to use Tcpdump as one of the tools in our network troubleshooting arsenal, it made sense to run Ethereal since it supports this type of filter.
Network management planning and security planning involves identifying the best and most appropriate systems and hardware that the firm can use to better manage network and plan security systems. Therefore, the management required me to examine the best software and hardware systems in the market place that the company can adopt to enable it to manage the network and security. The management required me to advice on the implementation procedure of various plans that are going to be adopted. My responsibility also involved finding out or predicting the impact of the plan on the future operations. They required me to evaluate the challenges the company might face while adopting the changes in the network management plan and security plans.
Network Solutions, Inc. is a worldwide leader in hardware, software, and services essential to computer networking (Aguinis, 2013, p.31). In the past, this company has used over 50 different systems to measure performance management. Even with the large amounts of different systems to measure performance, only a fraction of employees were receiving performance reviews, and less than 5% of employees received the lowest category of ratings. Also, the organization had no recognition program for employees with a higher category of ratings. In addition to the lack of employees not receiving reviews, it was noticed in the organization that performance problems were not being addressed or resolved.
TCP/IP operates at both levels 3 and 4 of the OSI model. The TCP portion of TCP/IP operates at level 3 (Network) as its primary function is to control the flow of data. IP operates at level 4 (Transport) of the OSI model. IP is the protocol responsible for the actual transmission of packet across the network.