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Review of literature on marketing mix
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To achieve and maintain success in such a complex system as market it is essential to every marketing person to understand clearly consumer behavior. Understanding consumer behavior is not that easy as it may seem from the first glance. The reason is that there are plenty of various factors that may influence it in one certain way or the other. When considering each of the factors it is also important not to forget that they ought to be analyzed as different parts of one whole picture, that is, in correlation with each other.
The factors that have a great influence on marketing management, marketers’ business decision-making, and their relationship with customers include macro- and micro-environment, and the latter in turn includes the concept of so-called “4 P’s” (i.e., product, place, promotion, and price). Micro-environment is also referred to as “immediate environment” and stands for the factors that are literally “close” to a certain company: its suppliers, customers, intermediaries (e.g., advertising agencies), and competitors (“Marketing environment,” n.d.) Four P’s are also called “the marketing mix,” and their most widely used interpretation belongs to McCarthy (Blythe, 2008). The marketing mix indicates the four aspects of how to make your business profitable and yourself proficient as a marketing specialist. As Cannon (1992) pointed out, “The marketing mix is the set of controllable variables that the firm can use to influence the buyer’s response.” First, the business person needs to understand what the product of consumer’s desire is. It is obvious that “an undesired product” will not be sold. Producers, however, may invent something that consumers even did not expect to have but really wanted, at least, unconscious...
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Kotler and Keller (2014) develop on what product represents in the marketing mix, as the idea centers around its design, quality and packaging. Continuing with the Four P model, price should be considered when marketing a product. The price component asks one to determine the list price, discounts, allowances, and payment period of a product (Kotler & Keller, 2014). Finally, Kotler and Keller (2014) list promotion and place as the final two variables associated with the older Four Ps. Promotion deals with how a product is advertised and what type of sales force will be utilized, while place is associated with the channels and locations for which your product will be featured (Kotler & Keller,
Consumer behavior is the ways that consumers exhibit in searching for, purchasing, using, evaluating, and disposing of, products and services. The study of consumer behavior as a separate marketing discipline all started when marketers realized that consumers did not always react as marketing theory suggested they would (Ekström, 2003). Many consumers rebel at using the identical products that everyone else used, instead they prefer differentiated products that they feel reflect their own special needs, personality and lifestyles.
The 4 Ps of the marketing mix are: Product, Promotion, Price, and Place. The marketing mix puts the right products, at the right price point, in the right place, at the right time. The following examines how Claire’s Chocolates optimizes its marketing mix (Yoo, Donthu, & Lee, 2000, 195-196).
When a business aims to be as successful as possible in selling its products and services, it must examine in detail whether or not the products will be attractive and necessary; if the price is optimal; if the product is being distributed in the best locations; and finally, how interest and awareness can be created for the products. In order for a business to target all of these elements at the right people at the right time, it must employ the right type of marketing mix: Product, Price, Place and Promotion.
Marketing is a process of determining a consumer’s needs, devising a product or service to satisfy those needs, and trying to focus customers on the goods and services you are offering. Marketing is extremely important, and a fundamental building block for business growth. A marketing team is given the task of creating customer awareness through a variety of different marketing techniques. If a business does not pay close attention to their consumer demographic and needs, they will eventually fail over time. Two important aspects of marketing include acquiring new customers, and the preservation and growth of relationships with current customers. Marketing has always been viewed as a creative outlet, which encompassed advertising, distribution, and the selling of goods and services. Marketing staff will also try to anticipate what customers will want in the future, often being accomplished with market research. In summation, a good marketing plan should be able to create a favorable proposition or series of benefits that a customer can value through goods or services. The marketing mix is normally described as the strategic positioning of a product or service in the marketplace, using the specification of the four Ps. During the early 1960’s, Professor E. Jerome McCarthy of Harvard Business School stated that a marketing mix contains four elements. The four key points are product, pricing, promotion, and placement. It is recognized that all these aspects must be present to ensure a successful business model within a given industry. We will now take a thorough look at the four marketing mix points.
d) Enlarging new customers. Research on the consumer purchase behavior is an essential need. The analysis data will provide more information on who, how, and why to buy, and also understanding the competitors marketing strategic plan. Secondly, by analyzing the majority of subscribers age group, gender, preference items. Sending regular email on current promotion items and offer them with the 1st trial discount voucher to convert the subscribers into customers.
Explain each of the marketing mix variables and what they mean in the marketing context.
It basically constitutes 4P’s of marketing mix such as price, place, product and promotion. All these 4P’s have similar repercussion for the promotion of products in various organizations. These justifiable elements of marketing mix can be utilized by a business organization to increase its marketing efficiency. With the marketing mix, a company can have access to marketing information so as to determine the outcomes of the marketing activities on its total sales. The company can evaluate the extent of efficiency of its marketing activities using the information gathered from the marketing mix.
“In 1960, McCarthy expanded what Neil Borden had previously coined the Marketing Mix [1] (now often associated with the "4 Ps") as 4 controllable variables the company puts together to satisfy a target market: product, price, place and promotion.[2]”
Furthermore, I will explain the application of theory relating to me and my purchase. I will also review the marketing activity of the organization where I purchased from. This is to explain how the two theories have been used in the marketing strategy. In addition, recommendations regarding how the marketing strategy could have been improved by applying the 2 buyer behaviour theories are given.
Conclusion Companies are better able to market their products to consumers if they have a good Understanding of the consumers and the basic purchase decision process. By understanding the consumer and the type of purchasing behavior associated with different products, marketers are more likely to create a marketing campaign that positively impacts the consumer’s purchasing decision.
According to Belch and Belch (2007), consumer behavior can be defined as “the process and activities people engage in when searching for, selecting, purchasing, using, evaluating, and disposing of products and services so as to satisfy their needs and desires” (Variawa, 2010). In understanding consumer choice, it is important to understand consumer-buying behavior. There are generally four types of consumer buying behavior that are based on the kind of product being purchased, level of involvement and significant difference between brands (Kotler & Armstrong, 2010). Blackwell, Miniard & Engel (2001), furthur define the different kinds of buying behavior as stated below.
Consumer behavior incorporates certain activities, decisions or experiences, which satisfy the needs of the consumers. It concerns all the activities that incorporate consuming, obtaining and product disposing of that precedes and carry out these actions (Darling, 2015). The Consumer behavior remains one of the important areas for research in the tourism and marketing fields in terms of travel behavior or the behavior of tourist (Rid, Ezeuduji & Pröbstl-Haider 2014). There are a few comprehensive literature reviews on the behavior of consumer typically described his injurious area with the help of the existing models or concepts of Consumer Behavior. There are exceptions in the insights of the authors who give the review about
Only decades ago, it was the producers in the market who were in control of the market and the markets demand. while Its safe to say the power has been shifted significantly throughout the years, the factors that influence consumer behaviour, how these factors are utilized and the impression given to customers regarding
Everyone has their own needs and desires. These desires are genuine and authentic in that it affects everyone emotionally, however social relations and technology play a role in shaping peoples needs and desires. This is thoroughly demonstrated in Sherry Turkle’s work, Alone Together, Leslie Bell’s work Hard to Get, and Ethan Watters work The Mega Marketing of Depression in Japan. Specifically, our needs and desires are authentic in that that Jayanthi and Alicia needed to alter their personalities due to their past, and the children needed an emotional companion and found one with robots, however social relations like the Mega Marketing in Japan that created a need for a specific form of treatment for depression demonstrate that outside sources could play a key role in shaping our needs and desires.