This was far from the only role physicians played in camps, however; in both concentration and extermination camps other German doctors performed a multitude of tasks that facilitated the murder of millions of Jews and other undesirables. Many of them came directly from the T4 program, but again, it should be noted that participation was not forced; some doctors did refuse to take on these positions and experienced no consequences, while others requested and received transfers out of them (Friedlander 244). For doctors who complied, camp work involved the barbaric tasks of selecting who would be killed, supervising the use of Zyklon B in the gas chambers, pronouncing death, and providing advice on how to keep the extermination process running …show more content…
Unlike normal experiments, these were conducted without consideration of subjects’ health, and were often even designed to end in death. Generally, these experiments can be divided into two categories: those aimed to assist Germany’s military, and those meant to further the Nazis’ ideological goals. The former included experiments on the effectiveness of vaccines for epidemics, the impact of altitude and hypothermia, ways of inducing bone, muscle, and nerve regeneration, and the best ways of treating wounds. Those of the latter type involved experiments on mass sterilization through injections and x-rays, on changing features, such as eye color, to be more Aryan, and on the production of twins. Many physicians also designed their own experiments, and as there were no ethical rules or subject shortages, opportunities were plenty (Friedlander 131-5). As a result, countless inmates were maimed or killed by German physicians, though not one vital cure or discovery emerged as a result (Baumslag …show more content…
First, the involvement of the medical community in this area went beyond the doctors who actually performed the experiments, as results and specimens were sent to medical institutes outside of the camps, where they were examined and used by other doctors (Friedlander 135). Similarly, these patients were also used as dummies on which medical students could gain surgical experience in their area of focus, based on the justification that these victims were condemned to death anyway (Lifton 294). This leads to the second point, which is that the work of physicians in camp experimentation was highly reflective of Nazi Germany’s prevalent racial ideology, and even helped to further it. Whether a particular experiment was racially based or not, the choice of subjects always was (Boozer 86). Since the Jews were less than human, it was justifiable to sacrifice them in order to further Germany’s goals (Lifton 302). By participating in experiments of any sort, German physicians thus helped to implement the Shoah whether or not a single one of their subjects
“Ah, the creative process is the same secret in science as it is in art,” said Josef Mengele, comparing science to art. He was less of an artist and more of a curious, debatably crazy, doctor. He was a scientist in Nazi Germany. In general, there was a history of injustice in the world targeting a certain race. When Mengele was around, there were very few medical regulations, so no consent had to be given for doctors to take patients’ cells and other tests done on the patients’ bodies without their consent.
The Ways the Nazis Tried to Eliminate all Jews in Europe The Nazis used many methods to eliminate all the Jews in Europe from 1941 onwards. They used concentration camps, ghettos, death camps. Auschwitz Group (murder squads) and the Final Solution. The Final Solution was the plan to annihilate all the Jews out of Europe.
"Medical Experiments ." 10 June 2013. United States Holocaust Memorial Museum . 18 March 2014 .
How did the Nazis kill so many people ? This question is important because somehow the Nazis managed to kill over 6 million Jews during the Holocaust. During the Holocaust, the S.S deployed Killing Squads which were characterized by their tactics, important dates,and their impact on the Final Solution.
Many medical experiments went on during the holocaust, mostly in concentration camps. These subjects included Jews, Gypsies, twins, and political prisoners. The experiments included many of these people never survived many were killed for further examination. The Jewish people got the full wrath of the injections, inhumane surgeries, and other experimentations. Twins were also desirable in these experiments to show a controlled group. Gypsies and political prisoners were experimented with, because they were there for the Germans disposal. Thousands of people died in these horrible experiments. These experiments were performed to show how the Jewish race was inferior to the Aryan race.
As the human species develops, medicine follows suit. Researchers look down medicinal avenues which promise a better life-- a longer life. However, red and blue paint cannot engender purple paint without proper mixing. Thus, health sciences cannot expand without thorough experimentation. The Nazis exemplified this concept of “thorough experimentation” with their cruel and inhumane medical experiments. The trials varied in nature and reason. Some of the “experiments had legitimate scientific purposes, though the methods that were used violated the canons of medical ethics. Others were racial in nature, designed to advance Nazi racial theories. [However,] Most were simply bad science.” (jewishvirtuallibrary.org). The medical experiments performed by the Nazis were vast and highly divergent, but they can generally be divided into three categories: racial experimentation, war-injury experimentation, and pharmaceutical testing.
society so these experiments are not seen as heinous or inhumane. This Information is all revealed in the introduction. The author tells this from a moral standpoint. The social construct determines if a particular event is seen as good or bad. Experiment back then on people were seen as okay but if they were performed on they would be extremely tabooed. The government even participated in human experiments to show how okay it was back then. In Conclusion, I am convinced that these bias among the scientific community is what caused black people to still be afraid of the doctors to this day.
Nazis' Ways of Eliminating the Jews During the Holocaust In 1941, America and Soviet Russia allied with Great Britain and France to fight the Nazi forces in the Second World War. Adolf Hitler, leader of the Nazis, knew he faced the most powerful nations in the world and was not ready for a long conflict. They needed to destroy the "evidence", the Jews, of the holocaust before the allied forces closed in from the west. Up to this point, the Nazis had used slow, stressful and inefficient methods of killing Jews and Hitler wanted a faster way of getting rid of them.
"Nazi Medical Experimentation: The Ethics Of Using Medical Data From Nazi Experiments." The Ethics Of Using Medical Data From Nazi Experiments. N.p., n.d. Web. 09 Dec. 2013.
Epstein shows the process that the majority of Jews were being put through, such as the medical examinations, medical experimentations, gas chambers and crematoriums. Medical examinations were used to determine if the Jews were healthy enough to work. Dr. Mengele used the Jews as “lab rats” and performed many experiments such as a myriad of drug testing and different surgeries. The gas chamber was a room where Jews were poisoned to death with a preparation of prussic acid, called Cyclo...
In 1945 200,000 people were murdered. All of them were children and disabled. The kids that needed help were killed in the Euthanasia Program to save resources. The Euthanasia program was a program designed for the killing of the disabled and started with infants and children. The Euthanasia program was designed by a few people and these people decided how the disabled were selected and killed through the program. They started the program for a specific reason, to make their race superior and pure, this made the life of the discriminated very difficult, with a lot of restrictions on their rights. With all this going many people had different viewpoints on whether the program was right or not and could not find a way to
1. Gutman, Yisrael. “Nazi Doctors.” Anatomy of the Auschwitz Death Camp. Indiana University Press: 1994. 301-316
Even though most of these experiments did not end great, they did have some benefits. One of the mostl known Nazi doctors was Jo...
In December 1946, the War Crimes Tribunal at Nuremberg indicted 20 Nazi physicians and 3 administrators for their willing participation in carrying out the harmful research on unwilling human subjects. Thus, Nuremberg code was the first international code for the ethics to be followed during human subject research. It was permissible medical experiments implemented in August 1947. The code also provides few directives for clinical trials (3). Syphilis study at Tuskegee in 1974 was the most influential event that led to the HHS Policy for Protecti...
...umerous medical criminals. Jews already had an unbearable life, but the experiments that went on were not only inhuman, but pure evil, for very little patients survived these horrific events. Those who did were left with permanent injuries.