Narrative Voices in Shelley's Frankenstein and Fathers and Sons by Ivan Turgenev

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Narrative Voices in Shelley's Frankenstein and Fathers and Sons by Ivan Turgenev

I have chosen to compare the narrative voices of Frankenstein and

Fathers and Sons, as the perspectives in these two novels differ from

one another. Frankenstein’s narrative voice contains tales of three

characters within one narrative, none belonging directly to the

author, whereas the narrative voice of Fathers and Sons, is that of

the author alone.

Examples I will be using are taken from ‘The Realist Novel’ (TRN),

and from the novels of Frankenstein (F) and Fathers and Sons (F&S).

Mary Shelley’s novel Frankenstein is an example of first- person

narrative, with Walton describing his encounters in letters to his

sister Margaret, in England. He includes his meeting Victor

Frankenstein, of Victor’s experiences with his creation of

Frankenstein the monster, and the monster himself and his experiences.

This narrative is written in the form of letters, with the use of this

epistolary style of writing novels giving verisimilitude to the

events, as Walton writes of them as he is told. He is the narrative

voice of the whole novel; enveloping the characters of Victor and the

monster, the characters of whom, develop as the story progresses. This

narrative perspective structures the novel, portraying events as true

to life, resulting in its realistic theme. The confession of Victor

nestles within Walton’s narrative, with that of the monster nestling

within that. This technique of having one story nestling within

another follows a Gothic convention, (P.63 TRN). There are many

narrative perspectives, which make it a Gothic novel, another example

showing this is the atmosphere of mystery and horror, when Victor is

creating his mo...

... middle of paper ...

... sharp towards the tip, with large greenish eyes and

sandy-coloured droopy sideburns,’ (p.7) and of the monster as

described by Victor in Frankenstein, ‘His yellow skin scarcely covered

the work of muscles and arteries beneath; his hair was of a lustrous

black, and flowing; his teeth of a pearly whiteness.’ (P.56).

In Fathers and Sons, Turgenev reflects the theme of fatherhood, with

love and affection shown between Bazarov and his father Ivanovich,

Arkady and his father Nikolai and also Nikolai and his small son

Mitya. In comparison, Shelley in Frankenstein labours on the

abandonment of the monster by his creator. In effect, Victor is the

father of his ‘son’ the monster and he has abandoned him at his

‘birth’. This showing of paternal love in Fathers and Sons and the

abandonment of it in Frankenstein shows an important comparison

between the two novels.

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