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Napoleon Bonaparte as a military leader
Napoleon Bonaparte as a military leader
Napoleon Bonaparte as a military leader
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Napoleon Bonaparte, despite being labeled as a “poor soldier” was quite smart. As he gained more experience, he became more popular and strategic in his planning, which led to success on the battlefield and later the greatest domestic change. It started In 1796, he was offered to lead a French army against the forces in Austria and the Kingdom of Sardinia. Napoleon also fought and won successful battles in Italy. With Napoleon’s strong arm in leadership he took action in 1799 to seize political power. He quickly took the title of first consul and assumed the powers as a dictator. This became known as a coup d’état, or “blow to state.” As this was happening, France was still at war. Britain, Austria, and Russia came together to try and …show more content…
This gave all power to Napoleon as the first consul. As first consul he had a lot of work ahead of him. First was to start a system to generate money. This would help support his dictatorship and help him with control, financially and militarily. Creating a banking system and taxing the people were also ways to help his economy. Napoleon achieved most of his goals with the help of dishonest businessmen and government officials. An example of one of his achievements was setting up Lycées. These were government run schools, open to all men. Along with the schooling, part of his strategy was to rebuild the Church of France. Through the signed concordat, or an agreement with Pope Pius VII establishing a new relationship between church and state, he was able to improve relationships between himself, common French people and the clergy. All of this was a way for Napoleon to gain power and create an empire. But, then again Napoleons ultimate goal was to get the French people to support France over all other countries. So from all of this he needed nationalism and a big change in domestic policy. To get this he created what he thought was the
Napoleon just maintains the goals of the French Revolution since he needed to secure and reinforce his own energy.
After the Reign of Terror, Napoleon Bonaparte rose to authority. When he was in power, Napoleon only kept some of the ideas that were used in the French Revolution. For example he was for equality, but disregarded liberty. Napoleon started many wars for France, in hopes of gaining land. France did win some land, but more times than not France lost the wars, putting them into extreme war debt.
Napoleon Bonaparte ruled in France from 1789 to 1815. Napoleon came to power in 1789 and immediately became a powerful figure in the French government. However, some thought Napoleon was such a great leader. The Napoleonic Empire started to grow France’s territories. Some might have believed that Napoleon was too eager with his rule, while losing and failing to succeed against the power of England, in an attempt to blockade their trade, and of Russia, where he led his army to a defeat and retreat back to France. Even in his success over Spain, the battle still costed Napoleon and his army in men and resources. Napoleon was mostly viewed as a powerful and militaristic leader in some aspects, but others saw him as a coward and terrible leader in other ways.
An Historiography Review of Napoleon failed invasion of Russia using Clausewitz and Theodore Evault Dodge books
He was a big supporter of the revolution and the Directory and served them well. According to the Salem Press Biographical Encyclopedia of January, 2013: “Napoleon’s remarkable early success was in part a matter of good fortune and in part the product of an unconquerable will and energy that took the maximum advantage of every political and military opportunity” (Rollyson). He was a brigadier general for the revolution, but was imprisoned when Jacobins were taken out of power and Thermidorean was sent into it. He however was soon released. With many great victories in Egypt and a powerful marriage, he was a very known and liked man. Napoleon was able to overthrow the Directory in 1799. Napoleon was a great leader and settled the chaos of the revolution down. He was able to restore France’s relationship with the Roman Catholic Church and the Pope in 1801. He proclaimed himself supreme Emperor of France in 1804. He also gave religious freedom to Protestants and Jews. He also published the Napoleonic Code/Civil Code of 1804. This code established political and legal equality for all adult men; therefore, religion no longer had a prejudice in court or people of authorities. With this code; however, he restricted the freedom of speech and freedom of the media. Throughout his career, he expanded France’s borders to the size of an empire. The only reason Napoleon was not able to take all of Europe
As the revolution calmed, the National Assembly attempted to maintain power; however, Napoleon Bonaparte, an outstanding national general, ousted the newly set republic in a coup d'etat in 1799, imposing himself dictator of France and leading the country to new militaristic heights that prompted French nationalism and the spread of Enlightenment ideas. Even though Bonaparte’s title as a dictator, emperor in 1804, connotates a restricted freedom, he actually took great lengths to enact policies that reflected Enlightenment ideals such as freedom of religion. Bonaparte centralized France’s government and moved to consolidate all of Europe under one nation. Touting Enlightenment ideals where his soldier traveled, Napoleon's conquest set the foundation for the republics of the future.
Napoleon was a military general that participated in multiple war victories. His interests included history, law, and mathematics. His strengths as a leader benefitted in planning financial, legal, and military plans. His aspiring attitude made him believe he was destined to be the savior of France (Coffin & Stacey, 494). He favored a republic over a constitutional monarchy. When Napoleon came to power, he immediately consolidated personal power by overthrowing the five-man Directory and created a Republic. Napoleon used his status and power during the Revolution to bring out and surface Revolution ideals and help his people. Napoleon’s role in European history was the savior of the French Revolution due to the fact he accomplished most objectives that the people hoped for. Goals of the French Revolution included overthrowing the old regime of an absolute monarch, write a basic and worthy constitution, and give more rights to the third estate and limit the first and second estates power in the Estates-General.
By that time, Napoleon had ruled France and surrounding countries for twenty years. Originally an officer in the French Army, he had risen to become Emperor among the political chaos following the French Revolution in which the old ruling French kings and nobility had been destroyed.
But, most importantly, Napoleon did what he thought would make his country stronger. One of Napoleon’s first areas of concern was in the strengthening of the French government. He created a strong centralized government and pretty much got rid of the hundreds of localized law codes that had existed while under the control of the monarchy. He also created an army of government officials. He had the entire country linked under a rational administration.
To him the elections only brought about political instability. Very soon he had buried popular democracy. Popular sovereignty caved in and in its place was raw authority of the Napoleonic regime - There could be no durable peace in the country with wars being fought continuously Support for Napoleon - Napoleon had been considered as 'son of the Revolution' by the revolutionaries of 1789 - Among the reasons were the following: - He was against the unjust and ineffective institutions of the ancien regime such as: Seigneurialism, the cumbersome institutions of Bourbon absolutism; the aristocratic privilege - Above all Napoleon valued principles of the Revolution which stressed equality of opportunity - The French wanted a strong and stable government; an assurance of basic revolutionary gains, and settlem... ... middle of paper ... ...and confiscated from the Church and sold during the Revolution would be retained by its purchasers. - On the other hand, the government dropped the ten-day week and restored the Gregorian calendar.
Napoleon was a great soldier that graduated from military school at the age of sixteen and quickly worked his way through the ranks. Napoleon was a brilliant leader in battle and consistently defeated armies larger than his own; including when he forced the Austrians to make peace after defeating four of their generals. In 1799 Napoleon and his colleagues overtook the French government and established power. He revised the constitution in 1802 to make himself consul for life, and then again in 1804 to make himself Emperor of France. Soon after Napoleon came to power he restructured the administration, simplified the court system, and began monitoring the schooling system; French law was also put in the Napoleon Code which guaranteed the rights and liberties that were gained through the revolution. Napoleons violent behavior caused war with Britain to break out, who allied with Russia and Austria. Prussia later allied themselves with Russia; creating a huge alliances against France and Napoleon. Napoleon successfully extended his reign over large parts of Europe and put each state under the Napoleon Code, which gave citizens new rights and privileges. In 1812 all of Europe turned against Napoleon, which lead to his exile in 1814. He regained power in 1815 just to loose it later that year. He died in exile in Saint Helena in 1821.
He ruled as a dictator, ignoring completely the ideas of democracy presented by the French Revolution, sacrificing political liberty, even going as far as to crowning himself emperor. He took advantage of their hope and desires, and achieved immense power by quickly working up the ranks. While at first it may have seemed all was well and going in a positive direction, Napoleon began to look for more opportunities for land rather than the benefit of his people. He was constantly seeking for power, land, and conquests of countries to increase his power alone. Sending an invasion force into Spain, wanting to get to Portugal to accept his foolish Continental System, he created anguish among the Spanish. Displeased, Napoleon dethroned the Spanish king and put his brother on the throne, which outraged the Spanish people. He looked down on them however, and thought nothing more of them than peasants, but then had to fight them. Napoleon disregarded their nationalism, and didn’t expect it at all, despite expecting that from his own people. His obliviousness to their loyalty reveals his true feelings about his subjects, which are virtually non-existent, as he did not care for them at all, and didn’t think much of them. Historian Charles J. Esdaile concludes: “What Napoleon wanted in the end was not the benefit of his subjects, but more men, more ships, and more money, to
The Napoleonic Wars was a series of wars that took place between 1792 and 1815, which pitted France against various alliances of other European powers and led to French dominance and supremacy over most of Europe. When Napoleon rose to power, France’s aims in war shifted from spreading the effects of the French Revolution, to enhancing the reputation and increasing power, status, and wealth. Though a skilled military leader, Napoleon’s campaigns grew too ambitious as his main focus in carrying out these plans was to make him more powerful, and the more power he gained, the more he craved. As head of state and head of government, Napoleon’s main duty should have been maintaining France’s stability economically and politically. However, although
Napoleon’s military career is what eventually led to his prominence. Napoleon began his military career above most of the other men his age. He rapidly made his way through the ranks eventually gaining a great support system. As the directory leaned more and more heavily upon the military, a coup d’état developed. Because of his military expertise, he immediately became first consul of France. The empire of France was soon to grow once Napoleon was in reign. In the 1790s the French army was near one million men, an advantage in the Austrian wars as well as future ventures. Wars raged with other European countries in the early 1800s. Napoleon was able to beat the continental coalition, thus gaining territory for France. France annexed some of Italy but also controlled states such as Spain, Holland ...
What freedoms did he/she give to his/her people? Did he/she rule fairly or as a tyrant? Even though he receives many critics against his rule, Napoleon Bonaparte manages to succeed by establishing a strong economy, making a more fair social class system, and ruling in a less tyrannical and more fair way.