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Music during the Renaissance period
Music during the Renaissance period
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Throughout history, music has affected the world of the past, present and future. This form of art occurs throughout the years dating back to nearly 500 B.C. The readers will learn the birth of music, the evolution, and the effect that music has made on mankind.
The earliest forms of music can be dated back to the Middle Ages. During the Middle Ages, music revolved around religious and social developments; the development taken place in Europe of the Middle Ages. The form of music of this era, was known as the Gregorian Chant. The Gregorian chant, was a unison of liturgical music or church music done by the Roman Catholic Church. The form was named after Pope Gregory I; the music consisted of Latin lyrics, in which sung by monks. Unfortunately,
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In the Renaissance Era, meaning rebirth, music develop into jazz and the blues. The early forms of music in the Renaissance was composed for the use by church; during the era, vocal music was still more important than instrumental. Most say that it was the time period of the rebirth of human creativity. The Renaissance was a time of Humanism; a time where the arts focus of the human intellect and its accomplishments; specifically from ancient Greek and Rome. In ancient Greek, music was essential pattern and texture to its life. Other studies show that ancient Greek music came to be from actual fragments or literary references or instruments left behind. At the beginning of the sixteenth century, the European music saw numerous changes. The numerous changes led the achievement of printing music in France, Germany, England, and other places. In prior to learning music by ear, music books were published and owned exclusively by church choirs or wealthy courts or households. Simultaneously, musical instrument technology led to developing of the viola da gamba, or the viola for short. The description was of a fretted, bowed string instrument. However, the viola wasn’t the only instrument develop; the piano, the lute, the harp, and other organs were played to create beautiful harmony. From the 1520 to the end of the Renaissance period, humanist studied the ancient Greek music to discuss the close relationship between poetry and music. Humanist wanted to understand how well music could stir a person
Gregorian Chants have been around for the longest time, the music is a form of monks getting together and singing and they sang like church like choirs with a magnificent sound. Monks had skills behind this because of rhythm and their accents were soft. Being that the monks had two or three notes or beats to go along with the better the process of singing these chants it became.
TitleAuthor/ EditorPublisherDate James Galways’ Music in TimeWilliam MannMichael Beazley Publishers1982 The Concise Oxford History of MusicGerald AbrahamOxford University Press1979 Music in Western CivilizationPaul Henry LangW. W. Norton and Company1941 The Ultimate Encyclopaedia of Classical MusicRobert AinsleyCarlton Books Limited1995 The Cambridge Music GuideStanley SadieCambridge University Press1985 School text: Western European Orchestral MusicMary AllenHamilton Girls’ High School1999 History of MusicRoy BennettCambridge University Press1982 Classical Music for DummiesDavid PogueIDG Books Worldwide,Inc1997
Atlas, Allan W. Renaissance Music: Music in Western Europe, 1400-1600. New York: W.W. Norton & Company, Inc., 1998.
“For over one thousand years the official music of the Roman Catholic church had been Gregorian Chant, which consists of melody set to sacred Latin texts and sung without accompaniment” (Kamien 67). The credit for developing Gregorian chant music, also known as plain...
Before the rebirth of knowledge, the only music in England was spiritual music. Since this time period was known as the Golden Age of the A Cappella Music Style, majority of the spiritual songs were sung in the a cappella music style. A cappella is when the choir sings without an instrumental accompaniment. There were two main styles other than a cappella, motets and masses. Motets and masses are quite similar, having only a few differences. A motet is a polyphonic piece of music having four to six voices all singing one religious text (Bower). Masses happen to be longer than a motet and were very important in the services in the Catholic Church. The Catholic masses had a very specific order ...
In medieval times the Catholic Church controlled every aspect of life. The church educated the nobles, advised the rulers, presided over judgments and was the spiritual guide for the people. The church itself was usually the only stone building in the village and it was central to the lifestyles of the time as it was where festivals, baptisms, marriages and death rites were held. While there was some secular music in the courts of the nobles, most music was sacred. Plainchant was the official music of the church and each chant had a specific time or condition of use according to the liturgy. The pitch the chant was sung on was referred to as the reciting tone. The simplest form of the plainchant was a short phrase sung before or after a psalm, called an Antiphon. A more complicated plainchant form was the sequence, where a melody is sung twice to different words. An early form of organum, the parallel organum, is where the plainchant was sung to two different melodies at the same time. According to Timothy Dickey, the four-voice organum is generally attributed to Perotin, a twelfth century composer of the Notre Dame School, whose works are recorded in the Magnus Liber located in the Notre Dame Cathedral. The three and four voice organum is referred to as the Notre Dame Organum. An example of this is Perotin’s Alleluia. Diffusa est gratia, which is a song composed to revere the ...
Taking a look back into our history, it is very hard to graze over the fact that music has reigned as one of the most influential components of artistic expression in our time. It has been a part of numerous peoples' lives across the globe since the beginning of time. Music has been able to not only define the people that craft it, but encompass and define a whole time period and culture in its own, leaving a very bold mark upon history. Two pieces of music that have played integral roles during their time are “In Paradisum” (by an anonymous individual) during the middle ages (600-1450), and “Same Love,” by Macklemore & Ryan Lewis, featuring Mary Lambert during the 21st century (2001-2100, specifically released in 2012). These musical pieces, although from two very different spectrums in history, share a few notable similarities, as well as some remarkable differences that embody the ever so changing sound of art in time.
John Warrack, author of 6 Great Composers, stated, “Any study of a composer, however brief, must have as its only purpose encouragement of the reader to greater enjoyment of the music” (Warrack, p.2). The composers and musicians of the Renaissance period need to be discussed and studied so that listeners, performers, and readers can appreciate and understand the beginnings of music theory and form. The reader can also understand the driving force of the composer, whether sacred or secular, popularity or religious growth. To begin understanding music composition one must begin at the birth, or rebirth of music and the composers who created the great change.
Music has shaped the lives of people throughout history. Even in its earliest forms, music has included use of instruments. One of the oldest musical instruments known is a variation of the flute; the original flute is thought to date back nearly 67,000 years ago. Tonight we are going to move throughout the eras with a history of instrumental music. This concert will begin with the Renaissance Era and continue through time until we have reached modern instrumental music.
Through using Musica enchiriadis as an example of the 10th century, and the works of Leoninus and Perotinusis as examples in the 11th and 12th century, it is evident that the organum experienced a copious amount of changes between the 10th and 12th century both melodically and rhythmically including the adding of voices, the changing of motion, and the development of rhythm. These adaptations to the organum, though might seem insignificant, tremendously helped further the evolution of polyphony in western music, which consequently contributes to the music of today.
From the Early Renaissance to the High Renaissance, there was a movement from vocal music to a combination of vocal and instrumental music (Brown, 1976). There are seven categories of instrumental music: 1) vocal music played by instruments, 2) settings of pre-existing melodies, 3) variation sets, 4) ricercars, fantasias, and canzonas, 5) preludes, preambles, and toccatas for solo instruments, 6) dance music, and 7) songs composed specifically for lute and solo voice (Brown, 1976). Italy dominated the stage for instrumental music at this time, and it was not until the last decades of the sixteenth century that English instrumental music became popular (Brow...
The Renaissance means the rebirth of ancient learning. The renaissance can be divided into two parts Early Renaissance (1420-1500) and High Renaissance (1500-1520). The Renaissance era was one of the most productive time periods in history as far as the advancement of music goes. At first it was rigid, structu...
Music has been around for thousands of years throughout the world dating all the way back to prehistoric times proven by the digging up of a 9,000-year-old flute that had seven holes drilled into it to create a musical scale in China ("Prehistoric flute music:," 2000). Music went through numerous stages before becoming what we know music as today. The earliest periods of music were the Medieval, Renaissance, and Baroque Periods which took place from the years 500-1760. The next cluster of periods were the Classical, Romantic, and Modern Periods which ended in 1930 to bring us to the most recent periods: Twentieth Century Period and the ongoing Contemporary and Twenty First Century Periods.
Gregorian chant is recognized by its calm, ethereal sound. The magical sound comes from the unfamiliar church modes. It as little sense of beat and was often improvised, producing an uncertain and floating rhythm. The melody could be simple or elaborate based on the importance of text the chant is set to (Book). Gregorian chant was passed through oral tradition and only began notating to ensure musical uniformity. Neither dynamic markings nor instrument indication appear on the notations that have been preserved, so little is known about how the music actually sounded. Occasionally, the vocalized melody was accompanied by a drone, which consists of one or more long, sustained notes at the interval of a perfect fifth (Sherrane).
It has been scientists' belief that music must have been present in the ancestral population prior to the dispersal of humans around the world. Therefore it is believed that music must have been in existence for at least 50,000 years, with the first music being invented in Africa and then evolving into becoming a fundamental constituent of human life. Any culture of music is influenced by the aspect of their culture, including their social and economic organization, climate, and access to technology. People express their emotions and ideas through their music. Music expresses the situations and how music is listened to and played. The attitude towards music players and composers varies between regions and periods of history. Music history" is the distinct subfield of musicology and history which studies music (particularly western art music) from a chronological perspective. ("History of Music")