Mitochondria
Mitochondria are tiny organelles found in nearly all eukaryotic cells. They are rather large organelles ranging from 0.5µm to 10µm in length and 1µm in diameter. The mitochondria are the energy factories of the cell and are located in the cytoplasm. They are the sites of cellular respiration. The mitochondria are responsible for generating ATP from such organic fuels as simple sugars and fats in the process of cellular respiration. This doubled-membrane organelle has its own DNA and can reproduce by splitting itself.
The mitochondria are sausage-shaped structures that move, change their shape and divide. They are distinct organelles with two membranes, the inner membrane and the outer membrane. The outer membrane is smooth and limits the organelle. It is highly permeable to small solutes such as molecules and ions, but it blocks off passages of proteins and other macromolecules.
The inner membrane of the mitochondria is folded into shelf like structures called cristae. The cristae does not even allow the passage of small ions and so it maintains a closed space within the cell. The many infoldings of the cristae are responsible for providing the mitochondrion with a large surface area which enhances the productivity of respiration.
The inner membrane and outer membrane effectively divide the mitochondria into two internal compartments. The space located between the outer and inner mitochondrial membrane is called the intermembrane space. The space enclosed by th...
The Great Pacific Garbage Patch is the largest garbage dump in the world. According to estimates made by experts, the patch holds approximately three and a half million tons of garbage. Majority of this garbage is made of plastic. This waste is a threatening problem to the patch’s surrounding wildlife. Many animals are caught in the floating pieces of trash and it is the cause of the deaths of about one million birds and about one hundred thousand other sea animals. Due to the oceans nature and constant moving currents, the trash is also constantly moving. Therefore the size of the patch never stays the exact same. However, scientists believe it be approximately two times the size of Texas. The plastic is mostly broken down from larger materials into small pieces. The patch has been referred to as one scientist as a, “plastic soup”. This garbage poses such a threat mainly because it does not biodegrade. These plastics will be in the ocean essentially forever. Many plastics also contain chemicals, and absorb other chemicals and pollutants they become exposed to. These newly absorbed toxins are then leaked and distributed back into the ocean over time. The chemicals can directly enter the bodies of the animals which consume them. A study was being conducted by scientists of the fish that inhabit the area around the patch. What the researchers found inside the belly of one fish (that was no larger in size than that of a finger), was eighty four small fragments of plastic. It does not take scientists to recognize the impact of this problem, Zach Gold, who is sixteen, is from Santa Monica California. Zach enjoys s...
It is a form of therapy is used in the treatment of anxiety disorders, relational problems, personality problems, anger, psychosis and eating disorders just to name a few. Cognitive therapy encompasses nine principles: focus on current adaptation and present problems, time limited treatment, structured therapy, key role of activity and homework, focus on therapeutic relationship, collaborative empiricism, psychoeducation, technical eclecticism, and treatment as prevention (Dobson, 2012,
The transgendered youth has had difficulties with meeting people in the outside world of the internet. Sci:dentity is an exposition that gave transgendered youth a space to be comfortable from their everyday lives. This was a place where people could explore to understand and identify themselves however they felt was right. According to the article, “sixteen of the eighteen participants had never met another trans person in “real life” before coming along to the workshops” (Rooker 2010). Most participants had met people in online spaces which offered them support and information that they may have questions about. People in rural areas are also using online spaces to become part of the community. The internet has become an outlet to learn and to reach out to people who are have the same interests. In rural areas, there are “material dependencies on structures of familiarity and the value placed on conformity as a sign of solidarity intensify the visibility of compulsory heterosexuality’s hegemonic sexual and gender norms” (Gray, 2009). These ideas make people create relationships with an exterior community that may understand what it feels like to come out in a place where conformity and certain gender norms are the only ideas people believe in.
The nucleus is often the largest organelle found in a Eukaryotic cell with a size of 10-20 un. It is surrounded by two membrane layers which can be identified on the diagram below. Within the nucleus structure are small pores with a size of 100un in diameter. These pores together make up around one third of the nuclear membrane surface area.
Cognitive behavior therapy has been proven to work in many different areas and presenting problems. One area that was not mention above that would significantly improve the outcome of any given therapy is the willingness of the client to accept treatment. The goal of cognitive behavior therapy is to focus on the present and to help the client identify their own strengths, learn new tools or techniques that they can use on their everyday life, and to be able to identify the different thought, emotional, and behavioral patterns that lead to undesirable
Paraphilia has evolved as a term generally referenced as sexually deviant behavior to a broader term and divided into a disorder by the DSM-5. Paraphilia’s are often misconstrued as sexually deviant behavior that is misunderstood by the general public. In this paper, I will attempt to have a better grasp of what a paraphilia is, how to treat paraphilia from a therapeutic standpoint and attempt to discern when a paraphilia may need additional referrals and/or treatment. This paper will also examine the difference between a paraphilia that may be treated through cognitive behavioral therapy and paraphilic disorders, in which distress is found and may need further intensive treatment. Cognitive behavioral therapy is one method of psychotherapy
As far as vaccines go, there are two main vaccines that all adolescence should receive in order to prevent bacterial meningitis. “Around the age of 11 the Meningococcal conjugate vaccine should be given, and later on between the ages of sixteen and twenty three is when you should receive the second booster shot called the Serogroup B Meningococcal vaccine” (CDC, Meningococcal Vaccines). “Pregnant women should be tested at about their 37th week of pregnancy for group B Streptococcus,
Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is a form a therapy that is short term, problem focused, cost effective, and can be provided to a broad range of disorders and is based on evidence based practices, in fact it is has the most substantial evidence based of all psychosocial therapies (Craske, 2017, p.3). Evidence based practices are strategies that have been proven to be effective through research and science. One goal of CBT is to decrease symptoms and improve the quality of life by replacing maladaptive behaviors, emotions and cognitive responses with adaptive responses (Craske, 2017, p.24). The behavioral intervention goal is to decrease maladaptive behavior and increase adaptive behavior. The goal of cognitive intervention is to modify maladaptive cognitions, self-statements or beliefs. CBT grew out of behavioral therapy and the social learning theory (Dobson, 2012, p.9). It was not until the 1950s that CBT started to swarm the psychology field. Due to nonscientific psychoanalytical approaches, there was a need for a better form of intervention which ensued to behavioral therapy (Craske, 2017,
The mitochondria produces food for the cell by converting energy the cell needs. The mitochondria and the nucleus are two organelles within a cell that have many of the same similarities. Both organelles are made of two membranes. These layers isolate within the organelle all things considered, yet have protein channels that permit things to go in and out. Both contain DNA material that conveys qualities that encode for proteins. Both have qualities that make ribosomes, the machines that read the guidelines in RNA to make
The known cause of this disease is bacterial though there are 5 main forms of Meningococcal some of which are both viral and bacterial. Bacteria and Viruses are very different. Bacteria can survive without a host while a virus needs a cell to survive. Most viruses cause diseases and target specific cells or bacteria. Unlike a virus only 1% of Bacteria actually cause diseases.
The Great Pacific Garbage Patch, which is sometimes referred to as the Eastern Pacific Garbage Patch and the Pacific Trash Vortex is a floating patch of garbage that has collected in the North Pacific Subtropical Gyre, which is located in the middle of two high-pressure areas between Hawaii and California. The majority of the garbage, which is also called marine debris, in the patch is plastic, but items made from other materials such as glass and rubber are also present. Though the garbage patch is too large and goes too deep under the surface of the ocean for scientists to determine exactly how much garbage is in it, they have collected up to 750,000 bits of plastic one square kilometer (CITE). This sort of debris floating around in the ocean is dangerous for several reasons. One important reason is that marine animals mistake some of the garbage, especially plastics, for food (CITE). Another reason that the floating debris is so dangerous is because it can block sunlight from reaching deeper levels of the ocean, and thus, it removes the energy source for many autotrophs like alga...
Each individual is inevitably born as one or the other; male or female, but that does not mean that they have discover their sexuality yet. Gender and sexuality are two different entities. Gender is what people use to identify themselves as while filling out an application, while sexuality is what sex and gender are desire to like or love. Human sexuality is constructed socially, and their desire is influenced by a person’s individual childhood or exposure to familial or religious contacts. People have become open minded about their sexuality. Society judges and discriminates in different ways against a person’s sexuality.
From my reading I learned that cellular respiration is a multi-step metabolic reaction type process that takes place in each living organism 's cell rather it be plant or animal. It’s my understanding that there are two types of cellular respiration, one called aerobic cellular respiration which required oxygen and anaerobic cellular respiration that does not require oxygen. In the anaerobic cellular respiration process, unlike the aerobic process oxygen is not required nor is it the last electron acceptor there by producing fewer ATP molecules and releasing byproducts of alcohol or lactic acid. The anaerobic cellular respiration process starts out exactly the same as anaerobic respiration, but stops part way through due to oxygen not being
Phillips, Elizabeth J. and Andrew E. Simor. “Bacterial Meningitis in Children and Adults.” Postgraduate Medicine Online. 1998. 23 July 2006 .
And the logic behind the answer to what I had learned in my science class about sunlight, daylight, nighttime, sun, and moon this made me understand why. Also, between the ages of 7-11, I could tell time understand what money was I just didn’t know the true value of money like I know now and how hard it is to earn a lot of it. I also notice that I had a longer attention span I could sit at my desk longer without asking to go to the bathroom or fidgeting in my chair. I understood math, science and could do science experiments. I understood what my personal space was and other students personal space. I notice that I had a sense of identity, self-esteem and I were becoming more