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Chapter 13 Middle childhood: psychosocial development
Chapter 13 Middle childhood: psychosocial development
The role of the family in a child's development
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After taking the course CFS/PSY 252, also known as Development in Middle Childhood, I have gained so much knowledge on topics from physical development to peer relationships. I have also conducted extensive research on theorists like John Bowlby, and led group discussions on topics such as bilingual children. More importantly, I learned how much of an impact beliefs, values, socioeconomic status, and the environment has on a child. This course has helped prepare me for the future and realize what a complex time middle childhood can be. Because I do not plan to be working with kids, I think this course will help me if I ever decide to have my own kids. Moreover, it will help me guide my parents and my younger siblings who are either in middle …show more content…
With the information I have gained from this course, I plan to use it to the best of my ability.
Contrary to popular belief, middle childhood, which ranges from six to eleven, is a very complex time period. As you can see on the graph on page __, there are three domains of development during this time period: physical, cognitive and social. It is important to know that these domains can overlap at any time. For example, a child could be going through changes in appearance at the same time that they are developing interpersonal skills, hence why this stage is so important. During middle childhood children start to form concrete operations, or in other words, the child begins to use logical thought. Because the child is learning things like social ques, studying habits, eating habits, and how to cope with stress, the skills a child learns while in this stage can make or break them in the future. However, with a good support system children typically can overcome certain issues and improve on those setbacks, that is why it is essential to have a least one person in a child’s life, whether it
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As the theorist Urie Bronfenbrenner states, family, sibling and peer relationships are the basis of a child’s identity, without these people a child wouldn’t know where to take their cues form. These people belong to what Bronfenbrenner called the microsystem. The microsystem is part of a much larger system, as you can see on page ___. Bronfenbrenner calls this the ecological systems theory, this system explains how development is influenced by various forces: the microsystem, mesosystem, exsosystem, macrosystem, and chronosystem. As stated previously, the microsystem is the most important because it holds the people that have the most influence on the earliest years of a child’s life. The second most important system would be the mesosystem, which you can see consists of people like extended family, the school board, and mass media. Essentially, the mesosystem is an enlarged microsystem, however the mesosystem does not have as much of a direct impact on the child as the microsystem would. The third system is the
Throughout the course of the class and completing the My Virtual Child assignment, I have been given new information in regards to childhood development through the lifespan. Starting with infancy, we had the opportunity to raise our own child online and test our parenting skills while applying the knowledge we learned from class. I believe this program has helped me grasp the concepts we learned in class and fully understand the different aspects of development throughout childhood.
Middle childhood brings many changes to a child’s life. Middle childhood is the developmental phase that leads from the period before commencement of the physiological processes and changes associated with puberty ...
Now there are development standards defined and expectations of a child as a whole. The development standards define the milestones a child should pass by a certain age. These milestones are basically “what children should know and be able to do”. (Shala 7). Because of this early childhood development’s main goal is to thoroughly progress a child’s potential in their social, motor, and cognitive development. (“Early” 1). While development itself is made up of changes in the amount of difficulty attempting certain activities and acquiring skills, gradual movement from basic to complex adjustments in learning, and gaining new ways to move one's body. (Damovska et al 13). For this reason it has become dire for programs to exist that are aimed at younger groups of children so that their mental and social development may continue on track. (“Early” 1). While their level of behavioral unde...
Papalia, Diane E, Sally W. Olds, and Ruth D. Feldman. A Child's World: Infancy Through Adolescence. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill, 2004. Print. The author is a child development and psychology professor. This is an anthology with strictly objective information. The content is broken down into physical, cognitive, and psychosocial developments of different stages of childhood.
In Bronfenbrenner’s ecological theory, there are five systems that ultimately influence an individual. The first system is the microsystem, which consists of the people who have direct contact to an individual. In my own life, my immediate family consists of my mother and I. I am an only child to my mother and since my mother and my father have been separated since I was a baby, he has not been part of my microsystem. In addition, I am also a student at CCP. I have a network of friends whom I keep in close contact with. The people that I encounter at home, school, and work have direct contact with me and thus, they are part of my microsystem.
To further more for a better understanding, I will explain the Bronfenbrenner 's Ecological systems model and how each level help in forming our human development. The ecological system model is a five different level model that contains people, places, and things that is believed to help a person 's develop in life. The first level is known as microsystem. The microsystem is the system that contains the closest and direct contact to a person, such as family, friends, school/work, and church. For example, my microsystem would consist of my home and work. At home, I tend to interact more with my parents and siblings. At work, I 'm more interactive with my boss, co-workers and the customers. Secondly, the next level of the ecological system is the mesosystem. The mesosystem consists of interaction between the different parts in the microsystem. For example, back in 8th grade I attended a catholic school. I had a nun as teacher and her name was Sister Anna. She was a very caring and loving teacher. I wasn 't a bad student, I just had bad habits. I tended to not do my homework while I was home, instead I rushed to do it in the morning before class. Sometimes I would finish in time and other times I would not. She would always ask why didn 't I do my homework at home and I would simply not know. So her and my parents sat down together to agree for me to stay with her after school to
“In middle childhood, 30% of a child’s social interactions involve peers, compared to 10% in early childhood” (Blume, 2010). Children place a large importance on friendship more when they grow older. In early childhood, friendships are associated with a particular activity. During middle childhood, children focus more on bonds and trust when it comes to making friends. Children start to use selective association meaning that children start to pair off with people that have the same interests as them. Sociable kids are attracted to other sociable kids and children who are shy tend to get left behind.
Children in middle childhood are growing psychosocially at a quick rate. During middle childhood they become industrious, develop a self-concept, and learn how to be friends, amongst other things.
Middle childhood is defined a number of ways, but perhaps best defined as the ages 6 to 12 years of age or prepubescent to pubescence Middle childhood is a challenging time and a major challenge is social constructs, as this is the earliest time when children begin to move away from parental influences and establish more meaningful peer and other adult relationships. It signifies a new set of social contacts with adults and other children as well as a wider variety of settings than those that characterize early childhood. Children begin to see themselves as a part of a bigger whole. Peer influences can become more powerful than the adults in the children’s life and impact their sense of self. Grouping is established and teasing of others groups and children begins to take hold in establishing social ranking. This can be a critical time for children and a great time for a social work practitioner to implement interventions to assist vulnerable children. However, a child who has one or two adults or trustworthy peers to whom she may turn may learn that peers cannot necessarily be trusted to give her good feedback. (website) Providing a setting were children could expand their ideas, make like minded friends and have the mentoring of trustworthy adults can transition children into the next developmental phase. They begin to look at different perspectives and can see another point of view. The world opens up before them, while this is an exciting time; it is also perhaps the most turbulent.
In the developing stages of a child, psychological factors play a huge role in th...
In electing to observe a kindergarten class, I was hoping to see ‘real world’ examples of the social development, personality types and cognitive variation found within the beginning stages of “Middle Childhood” as discussed within our text.
Megan is a very bright young girl who seems to be progressing in the middle childhood level already. A child in this level must deal with demands to learn new skills or risk a sense of inferiority, failure and incompetence. The opinions of their classmates' matter more than ever before and they begin to feel the effects of peer pressure. In this stage a person can do mental operations but only with real (concrete) objects, events or situations. Logical reasons are understood. For example, Megan can understand the need to go to bed early when it is necessary to get up early the next morning. Children that are in this stage attend school and they enjoy mastering lots of new physical skills. They learn rapidly in school.
Before learning about early childhood in this class I never realized all the way children at such a young age are developing. From the second part of this course I learned how much children are developing at the early childhood stage. I never realized children learn how about their emotions, having empathy, and self-concept at such a young age. I thought children had it easy. They play with friends, start school, and just be kids. One important thing that stood out to me in this chapter is that children’s self-esteem starts at this stage. According to Berk (2012), “self-esteem is the judgments we make about our own worth and the feelings associated with those judgments (p. 366)”. Self-esteem is very important for a child to have and it can
...preschool years they will learn to initiate and carry out tasks based on experience or exposure to those tasks. Interactions with parents, teachers, peers, and other adults are important in a child's life. These relationships actually shape the brain and lay the foundation for later developmental outcomes, from academic performance to mental health and interpersonal skills.
Child psychology, also known as child development, is the study of psychological growth of children; how these mechanisms develop from infancy to adolescence and why they deviate from one child to the next. Child development is associated with biological, psychological, and emotional diversity that occur in humans. Although there is a different advancement for each child, these developmental changes may be greatly determined by genetic factors and experience during prenatal life. The early years of a child’s life are very important for his or her health and development. Parents, health professionals, educators, and others can work together as partners to help children grow up to reach their full potential.