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Critical Analysis of The Merchant of Venice
How shakespeare presents attitudes towards shylock in the merchant of venice
Critical Analysis of The Merchant of Venice
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Fueling the Fire of Anti-Semitism in The Merchant of Venice Jewish people in the Merchant of Venice, a play by William Shakespeare, are characterized by villainy and greed. Later, the Jews are considered saved, when they are brought to justice by forced conversion to Christianity. While some people may think that The Merchant of Venice is a play written to bring sympathy from the audience for the unbelieving Jewish villain, this play is really a work of anti-Semitism because of obvious promotion of hated toward Jewish people, their apparent lack of rights, and sheer lack of respect from anyone else. While this is an obvious theme throughout the play, Shylock, a Jewish man, also plays a key role in the facilitation of anti-Semitism. From …show more content…
Any chances they can get to slander a Jew or make fun of them were used. When Shylock finds out that his daughter left him and took a significant amount of his money and jewels, Salarino was describing the scene and said, “why all the boys in Venice follow him crying, ‘His stones, his daughter, and his ducats’” (2.8.?)! Obviously these kids were just making fun of him. Shylock went out into the streets of Venice crying about his woes and these kids just come around mimicking him and completely disregarding the terrible situation he is in. No one cares about him or the situation that he is in. Jessica, Shylock’s daughter, also hated her father and hated that she was Jewish. She would do anything to change her status as a Jew. Jessica decided to leave her father and marry a Christian man. Thinking about what she has done, she says “Alack, what heinous sin is it in me to be ashamed to be my father’s child! But though I am a daughter to his blood, I am not his manners… I shall end this strife, become a Christian and thy loving wife” (2.3.?). Not only is Jessica committing the ultimate sin and converting to Christianity, but she also stole a significant amount of his gold and jewels. But because she is converting to Christianity, she thinks that she will be forgiven for all of her sins, as well as everyone else. Lorenzo, the Christian man she plans to marry says, “If e’er a Jew her father come to heaven, …show more content…
What he should have done was prove them wrong and show all the venetians that Jews are indeed good people, but no; Shylock’s need for revenge overcame his morals. Even the Duke, who decides Antonio’s judgment, called Shylock out, “The world thinks, and I think so too, that thou but lead’st this fashion of malice to the last hour of act, and then ‘tis thought thou’lt show thy mercy and remorse more strange than is thy strange apparent cruelty” (4.1.?). Everyone just thought that Shylock was dragging this out for a good show and to teach Antonio a lesson. No one thought that Shylock would actually try and take a pound of flesh from a human being. Shylock, at his point, is just giving everyone more reasons to hate him. Not only does he plan to pretty much kill a man, but a good Christian man. For the Duke and everyone else, this is a step too far. When Shylock was asked why he wouldn’t just take the loan plus more money, he just answers, “you’ll ask me why I rather choose to have a weight of carrion flesh than to receive three thousand ducats. I’ll not answer that but say it is my humor.” Shylock is going to far at this point. He really has no reason to kill a man when he could have gotten all his money and the amount of interest that should have been put on the loan. In a way, Shylock could have avoided his own demise, if he didn’t give in to the revenge. In
In the Merchant of Venice, Shylock a jewish money lender living in the city of Venice, has a daughter named Jessica. Shylock believes that he had raised Jessica in a manner that was just right for her. He had always thought that Jessica was the type of girl that just listens to what she is told to do and does not question or deny the request. But this was not so, Jessica somewhere growing up picked up the trait and thought that her father was not always correct and that he in fact was sometimes a bad person towards other people. She had as well noticed that being jewish was not the best thing for her. Jessica did not like the attacking of jews or the discriminated yelling by the anti semitic christians. She had decided it was time to leave her father's home, the home where she had been raised by a not so pleasant man. We see in the play that after she had ran away Shylock was very hurt, crying to himself.
While engendering the bond in the inciting force of the play, Antonio says to Shylock – the antagonist – “Content in faith. I’ll seal to such a bond, / And say there is much kindness in the Jew” (1.3.149-150) which reveals how Antonio sees such positive terms in the deal. Although the terms may seem simples to follow, Antonio will still face the consequences of putting his life on the line for his dear friend, Bassanio. This bond portion of the play establishes relationships through the rivals and also gives background information about characters, which show the elements of dramatic significance. Subsequently, Shylock’s possessions are at stake during their trial after Antonio fails to pay him back because his argosies were abolished. Shylock’s punishment for attempting to
It is so important for people to recognize how Jews were portrayed during Shakespeare’s life so that historic events such as the holocaust do not repeat themselves. Teachers who plan on presenting their students with The Merchant of Venice should also present them with articles explaining how Jews received their negative stereotype and explain to them that Jews are not as evil as Shylock. The play can still be useful as a high school reading experience only if taught correctly, in a manner that avoids Jews being insulted and non-Jews getting a completely flawed idea about Jews. Although comedic during the 16th century, The Merchant of Venice can no longer be viewed as a comedy in the 21st century due to the diversity of people and general acceptance of their cultures throughout the United States.
Shakespeare creates a caricature of a Jew, just as he might have seen done by Christopher Marlowe in "The Jew of Malta". Shakespeare's "Shylock" was easily recognisable as a Jew, wearing traditional clothing, immediately showing the audience that he is different. The money lending profession adds to the Jewish look, and the way he acts, without even a care for his own daughter, making references to his desire for Christian blood, allows Shakespeare's audience to create a strong hatred for the Jew. Although nobody had actually met a Jew, probably the entire audience had been brought up to despise such an awful religion, hearing terrible tales of sin and misery.
The Merchant of Venice ended up being the most valuable in sending this hostile to Semitic assumption amongst the Germans using a practically bizarre, cruel depiction of Shylock. Werner Krauss, the Nazi 's driving performer of the time, execution as Shylock was portrayed as bringing on the group of onlookers to shiver: "With an accident and a bizarre train of shadows, something revoltingly outsider and startlingly terrible slithered over the stage." One specific generation of The Merchant of Venice had additional items planted in the crowd with the sole reason for reviling and booing Shylock, asking whatever is left of the gathering of people to participate on the harassing. Daily paper audits frequently unequivocally expressed the messages and connotations of the play to the
This is an example of the treatment of Jews at the time. It is very
Shylock also seems to show little or no love towards his daughter, Jessica. He may have been hurt by his daughter running away with a large amount of his wealth and with a Christian lover (Lorenzo); this is a point where Shylock can be viewed as a victim in the story. This still does n...
Then there is the innocent and rich “Antonio” (Merchant), who is a Christian, and is a complete Anti-Semitec. Antonio’s character is wrong, he hates Jews, he loves being regarded as rich, and would do anything to make Shylock’s life a misery. Antonio hates Jews; this is proved in Act 1 Scene 3 where Antonio says, “The Hebrew will turn Christian, he grows kind”, this is blatant racism shown against the Jews. The story progresses, a new character is introduced, Portia.
Discrimination is a resounding theme in The Merchant of Venice (Meyers). All of the characters are affected by inequality. This inequity is evidenced clearly in Shylock, the Jewish usurer. He is treated with scorn and derision by all the characters. Shylock’s misfortunes stem not from poor attributes or even a poor background; it stems from the fact he is Jewish, and what is more, he is impenitent of that distinction. If he had been more daunted by Christian influence, he might have been forgiven, as Jessica is subjectively exonerated. He is not contrite and it is believed that his appalling birth cannot be absolved (Bonnell).
Everyone who reads The Merchant of Venice must bear in mind that it is, like any other literary work, a creation of a skillful writer, rising a case that can be a subject for many interpretations and not necessarily revealing a specific view of its writer, however it aims to convey a certain moral to the readers. Therefore, the character of shylock, being stereotyped or not, with its controversy is a tool manipulated to convey a moral message: when people live in a society that is open to cultural diversity and that values the contributions of all society members – regardless of cultural and ethnic backgrounds, race, life styles, and beliefs – they will be one step closer to living in a civil society. Works Cited 1) Encyclopaedia Britannica, the definition of "Anti-Semitism". 2) E. E. Stoll, Shylock (an essay in Shakespeare Studies, 1927). 3) John Palmer, Comic Characters of Shakespeare, Shylock. 4) John Palmer, Comic Characters of Shakespeare, Shylock.
During the sixteenth-century there was a very prominent existence of anti-semitism. The English audience had a very clear prejudice towards the Jewish people because of the deep-rooted concept of anti-semitism. This mindset carried from everyday life to plays and productions of the time. This ill will towards the Jewish people spawned from political and religious disputes that were unresolved. The portrayal of Shylock as a villainous Jew is a logical move for the sixteenth-century playwrights because of this common belief. When walking into a production of The Merchant of Venice during this ear, one must keep in mind the predisposition towards the Jewish people as well as the cultural beliefs at that time.
Venice, where this drama takes place, is a largely religious Italian City. Although filled with spiritual people, the city is divided into two different religious groups. Venice was primarily and dominantly a Christian society with Jews as it’s unfairly treated minority. Stereotypes classified Jews as immoral, evil, and foolish people while the Christians were graceful, merciful, and loving. Representing the Christian belief is Antonio who is summoned to court by a Jew who goes by the name Shylock. The cross between Christianity and Judaism begins as Antonio and Shylock create a legally binding bond. The bond’s fine print expresses that if Antonio cannot fulfill his debt to Shylock, Shylock will receive a pound of Antonio’s flesh. As learned in the play, Antonio cannot repay his debt and Shylock publically exclaims his need to receive fulfillment of that bond. Hastily, Shylock is determined to obtain his pound of Christian flesh. Shakespeare provides his audience dist...
Being a Jew in Christian dominated Venice, Shylock is persecuted by society. He is the victim of popular Christian prejudice, which scorns his religion and restricts his means of employment. He is left with no choice but to be a moneylender and earn his money from collecting interest. To the Christians, collecting interest was against their teaching. This is one of the reasons for the Christians hatred.
Venetian law states that any man who wrongfully attempts to take another man’s life will be subject to losing his own, as decided by the Duke, and will lose all of his possessions. The Duke spares his life, but takes all his goods. Shylock cries out that if his goods are to be taken, that he would rather die because money is all Shylock loves. Antonio offers mercy to spare Shylock's life, give half of his goods to his daughter, and to be converted to Christianity.
The first theme is that religious intolerance and prejudice play destructive roles in the book. Even to this day, there is racism and prejudice in schools about race and religion. Antonio, as a true Christian, has often condemned moneylenders. He knows that since the early twelfth century, Christians are forbidden by the Church to lend money for profit. Shylock, as a Jew, does not consider his money-lending and overwhelming interest to be a sin in any manner. In fact, he considers his earnings through money lending as the gift of God. He appeals to and quotes the Scriptures in defense of his profession. Shylock and the other Jewish moneylenders are essential to the prosperity of the merchant community, but they are also outcasts as human beings and as Jews. Shylock often shows his dislike to the Christians; “I hate him for he is a Christian”, (Act I, Sc. III, L. 38). The Christians ridicule and hate the Jewish moneylende...